Alava dolmen
The Álava dolmens [ ˈalaβa ] are a group of 85 dolmens in the province of Álava , in the Spanish Basque Country between the Cantabrian Mountains and the Ebro . Some belong to the Ruta de los dólmenes ( German "Dolmen Rod" ). The best preserved are grouped in three places.
Laguardia
At Laguardia are: Alto de la Huesera , Chabola de la Hechichera and El Encinal .
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Alto de la Huesera ▼ was discovered and excavated in 1948. The chamber is made up of six stones, with a capstone that has broken and tumbled between them. Flint and a large amount of human bones have been found here.
Chabola de la Hechicera ▼ (Basque: Sorginaren Txabola dt. The witch's hut) near Erletxe was discovered by Álvaro de Gortazar in 1935. It was excavated in 1936 by Jose Miguel Barandiaran in 1936 and again in 1974. Three large vertical stones support the large horizontal flat capstone. Nine large stones form a polygonal chamber. The corridor consists of five stones and is divided into two parts. The facility is the largest in the Basque Country. The fragments of a late Neolithic round-bottomed bowl with stamped decoration belong to the original assignment. The hill was reused, however, because there are also finds from the Bronze Age and Celtiberian relics.
El Encinal (Elvillar - not to be confused with the dolmen of the same name near Rioja) ▼ lies in a group of trees and has a number of large bearing stones, but its capstone is missing. Human remains, some stone tools and a shard of pottery were unearthed here in 1951.
- Alava dolmen
The witch's hut ( Chabola de la Hechicera )
The excavated Aizkomendi dolmen in Eguilaz in 1911
Dolmen of San Martín
Dolmen El Sotillo
La Hoya
The dolmens San Martin ▼ and El Sotillo ▼ and a Neolithic and Celtiberian village are north of Laguardia near La Hoya.
To the east of Vitoria-Gasteiz are Sorgiñetxe (House of Witches) and Aitzkomendi .
Sorgiñetxe ▼ is probably an early dolmen made up of six bearing stones and the capstone, which is in situ. No traces of his mound have been found. Human remains and an arrowhead from flint were found during an excavation 1890th Aitzkomendi ▼ has a completely closed chamber made up of ten stones and is particularly large. The rectangular chamber measures approximately 3 × 2 m and reaches a height of 3 meters. Three quarters of the original earth tumulus are still preserved. Late Neolithic and Bronze Age material was found in the chamber. Iron Age urns were discovered in the mound.
Cuartango Valley
In the Cuartango Valley are the two largest facilities, San Sebastián North ▼ and South ▼ . Like Gurdipe Süd , they were excavated in the 19th century. The remains of Gurdipe Nord were only discovered in 1955 and excavated in 1962. None of the San Sebastian dolmens have their capstone, but they are otherwise worth seeing. The southern one still has large parts of its irregular mound.
Most of the artifacts can be seen in the Museo de Arqueología de Álava and in the museums of Laguardia and Vitoria-Gasteiz.
Attractions
- Cueva de los Husos near Elvillar
- Ruta de los Dolmenes
literature
- Roger Collins: Oxford Archaeological Guides SPAIN : p. 41; 1998.
