Anthony C. Zinni

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General Anthony Zinni

Anthony Charles Zinni (born September 17, 1943 in Conshohocken , Pennsylvania ) is a former general in the United States Marine Corps and was the commanding officer of the United States Central Command from August 1997 to July 2000 . Since 2002 he has served as the United States' special envoy to Israel and to the Palestinian Authority . He resigned from this position on January 8, 2019.

Military career

Training and first uses

Zinni graduated from Villanova University in Pennsylvania in 1965 and received his officer license as a second lieutenant . After graduating from the Basic School in Quantico , he became the second US Marine Division added, and served as a platoon commander of a platoon , executive officer and company commander in the 1st Battalion of the 6th US Marine Regiment. He also served as the company commander of the 1st Infantry Training Regiment during this time. In 1967 Zinni was assigned to an infantry battalion of the South Vietnamese Marine Infantry as a military advisor . After this foreign assignment, he was transferred back to the Marine Corps Base Quantico at the Basic School and served there until 1970 as a tactical instructor, platoon leader and first officer of a company.

After this trainer activity, another assignment abroad followed in the now hot Vietnam War . He served in Vietnam as a company commander in the 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment, 1st Marine Division . During this time he was wounded and evacuated and then served in the 3rd US Troop Support Regiment in Okinawa . There he served as a company commander and officer on watch. Zinni returned to Vietnam in 1971 with the 2nd Marine Division and served as a company commander in the 1st Battalion of the 8th Marine Regiment , as an adjutant to the commanding general and officer in charge of an infantry training center. In 1974 he was transferred to the United States Marine Corps (HQMC) headquarters in Washington, DC , where he worked in the human resources department.

Zinni served again in 1978 in the 2nd US Marine Division, this time as Operations Officer ( S3 ) of the 3rd Battalion, 2nd US Marine Regiment; First Officer, 1st Battalion, 8th Marine Regiment; First officer in the same regiment and finally as commanding officer of 2nd Battalion, 8th Marine Infantry Regiment . In 1981 he was transferred back to Quantico, where he taught operations and tactics at Marine Corps Command and Staff College . Next, Zinni served in the operations department at the US Marine Corps Headquarters in Washington, DC as the chief of special operations and counterterrorism, and as a consultant for the Marine-Air-Ground-Task-Force-Concept . In 1986 he was given the opportunity to serve as a member of the Chief of Naval Operations Strategic Studies Group . From 1987 to 1989 Zinni was then stationed on Okinawa, Japan , where he took command of the 9th US Marine Regiment and the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit (31st MEU). The 31st MEU was deployed to the Philippines twice during this time to conduct emergency security operations and disaster response. Upon his return to the United States, Zinni became Chief of Staff of the Marine Air-Ground Training and Education Center at Quantico.

Uses as a general

Brigadier General Zinni as Operations Officer (J3) for the Combined Unified Task Force (CUTF) Somalia , 1993.
Lieutenant General Zinni as Commander of Combined Task Force Somalia , 1995.

Zinni's first assignment as Brigadier General was as Deputy Director of Operations for the US European Command . In 1991 he then served under Lieutenant General John M. Shalikashvili as Chief of Staff and Deputy Commanding General of the Combined Task Force Provide Comfort , which was supposed to protect the Kurds fleeing northern Iraq after the Second Gulf War . He was then used as the military coordinator of Operation Provide Hope .

From 1992 to 1993, Zinni served as Director of Operations for the Unified Task Force Somalia during Operation Restore Hope . He was also assistant to the US Special Envoy in Somalia , Robert B. Oakley , during Operation Continue Hope in 1993 . After returning to the United States, Zinni was named deputy commanding general of the US Marine Corps Combat Development Command at Quantico from 1992 to 1994 . From 1994 to 1996 Zinni took over as commanding general of the I. Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF) in Camp Pendleton , California . In this role, Zinni commanded the I MEF from January to March 1995 and also served as commander of the Combined Joint Task Force of Operation United Shield , which was headed by General JH Binford Peay III. was standing. During this operation, US troops protected and evacuated the entire UN blue helmets (6,200 soldiers) from Somalia. Zinni then served from September 1996 to August 1997 under General Peay as Deputy Commander of the US Central Command ( CENTCOM ), responsible and a. for the Middle East . On August 13, 1997, Zinni finally replaced Peay and ran CENTCOM until July 6, 2000. He then retired.

Zinni graduated from Basic School , Army Special Warfare School , Amphibious Warfare School , Marine Corps Command and Staff College , and National War College . He holds a bachelor's degree in business administration, a master's degree in international relations and a master's degree in management and control.

After retirement

In 2002 he served as the United States Special Envoy to Israel and to the Palestinian Authority . He also criticized the policies of the US administration under George W. Bush and made negative comments on the decision to invade Iraq in 2003. Nevertheless, at the end of 2006 he agreed with US Senator John McCain in 2006 that an increase in troops would be necessary in Iraq.

During his time as special envoy, Zinni was also an instructor for the Institute for International Studies at the Virginia Military Institute . He is currently an instructor at the Institute of State Authority at the College of William and Mary . He has also published two books, one on his military career and the other on foreign policy.

Awards

Selection of decorations, sorted based on the Order of Precedence of Military Awards :

Fonts

  • with Tony Koltz: Before the First Shots Are Fired: How America Can Win Or Lose Off The Battlefield . Palgrave Macmillan, 2014, ISBN 978-1-137-27938-5 .
  • with Tony Koltz: Leading the Charge: Leadership Lessons from the Battlefield to the Boardroom . Palgrave Macmillan, 2009, ISBN 0-230-61265-2 .
  • with Tony Koltz: The Battle for Peace: A Frontline Vision of America's Power and Purpose . Palgrave Macmillan, 2006, ISBN 1-4039-7174-9 (preface by Tom Clancy ).
  • with Tom Clancy and Tony Koltz: Battle Ready . Grosset & Dunlap, 2004, ISBN 0-399-15176-1 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Anthony Zinni  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ US Envoy for the Gulf Region resigned
  2. ↑ Get Out of Iraq Now? Not So Fast, Experts Say ( New York Times November 15, 2006; English)
personal data
SURNAME Zinni, Anthony C.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zinni, Anthony Charles
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American General in the US Marine Corps; Commander of US Central Command
DATE OF BIRTH September 17, 1943
PLACE OF BIRTH Conshohocken , Pennsylvania