Also a philosophy of history for the education of mankind
A history- philosophical treatise by Johann Gottfried Herder is also a philosophy of history for the formation of mankind . It appeared in 1774.
In this work, Herder distances himself from both a pessimistic and skeptical view of history and an understanding of history as constant progress towards the better, culminating in the present . He interprets history as an organological sequence of individual epochs that are in principle equivalent and must not be measured by their external standards. With this he anticipates certain elements of later historicism . His development model makes it possible to understand continuity and change in the course of history as moments of the same process. With his naturalizing concept of history, Herder undermines the sudden opposition between nature optimism and historical pessimism that was often encountered in the 18th century.