Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale
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The Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS, in German Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale ), also Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (FMDRS) or FM dystonia rating scale is a neurological test for determining the severity of dystonia .
It was originally developed for patients with idiopathic torsional dystonia, but can also be used for other forms. It is recommended by the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) for rating generalized dystonia. The test consists of a movement and a disability scale:
- Movement scale with an examiner's assessment of the limitations with 0–120 points.
- Disability scale with a rating of the limitations by the patient himself with 0–30 points.
Both scales can be used to objectify worsening or improvement of the disease and the subjectively perceived restriction by the patient can be recorded.
Movement scale
Nine body regions are defined for the movement scale, each of which has a different weighting for the overall restriction. The trigger factor should provide information about the frequency of the dystonia and its correlating actions (1 – dystonia only with certain movements vs. 4 – dystonia at rest), the severity factor about the severity (e.g. legs: 1 – dystonia measurable but not clinically significant vs. 4 - Inability to stand or walk). Due to the lower restriction of the eyes (e.g. with blepharospasm ) compared to a walking disability due to dystonia of the legs, a weighting factor is included here.
The scale is as follows:
| region | Trigger factor | Severity factor | weighting | product | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eyes | 0-4 | x | 0-4 | 0.5 | 0-8 |
| mouth | 0-4 | x | 0-4 | 0.5 | 0-8 |
| Language /
To swallow |
0-4 | x | 0-4 | 1 | 0-16 |
| neck | 0-4 | x | 0-4 | 0.5 | 0-8 |
| Right arm | 0-4 | x | 0-4 | 1 | 0-16 |
| Left arm | 0-4 | x | 0-4 | 1 | 0-16 |
| upper body | 0-4 | x | 0-4 | 1 | 0-16 |
| Right leg | 0-4 | x | 0-4 | 1 | 0-16 |
| Left leg | 0-4 | x | 0-4 | 1 | 0-16 |
| total | 0-120 |
In the original paper, the authors give more precise information on the awarding of points for the trigger and severity factor.
Disability scale
The disability scale checks the function of
- Speaking (0-4 points)
- Writing (0-4 points)
- Eating [holding the cutlery; lead the food to the mouth] (0–4 points)
- Eating and swallowing [increased swallowing] (0–4 points)
- Hygiene (0-4 points)
- Putting on clothes (0-4 points)
- Walking ability (0–6 points).
A total of 0–30 points can be achieved.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Alberto Albanese, Francesca Del Sorbo u. a .: Dystonia rating scales: Critique and recommendations. In: Movement Disorders. Volume 28, Number 7, 2013, pp. 874-883, doi : 10.1002 / mds.25579 .
- ↑ CL Comella, p Leurgans, J. Wuu, GT Stebbins, T. Chmura: Rating scales for dystonia: a multicenter assessment. In: Movement disorders: official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. Volume 18, number 3, March 2003, pp. 303-312, doi : 10.1002 / mds.10377 , PMID 12621634 , full text
- ^ RE Burke, S. Fahn, CD Marsden, SB Bressman, C. Moskowitz: Validity and reliability of a rating scale for the primary torsion dystonias . In: Neurology . tape 35 , no. January 1 , 1985, ISSN 0028-3878 , pp. 73-77 , doi : 10.1212 / wnl.35.1.73 , PMID 3966004 .