DR series 01.10
| DR class 01.10 DB class 011, 012 |
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|---|---|
 Locomotive 01 1104 in September 2009
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| Numbering: | 01 1001, 01 1052-1105 |
| Number: | 55 |
| Manufacturer: | Schwartzkopff |
| Year of construction (s): | 1939-1940 |
| Retirement: | 1975 |
| Type : | 2'C1 'h3 |
| Genre : | S 36.20 |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 24,130 mm |
| Height: | 4,550 mm |
| Smallest bef. Radius: | 140 m; Summit: 300 m |
| Empty mass: | 103.1 t (original boiler ) 99.6 t (new boiler, coal-fired) 101 t (new boiler, oil-fired) |
| Service mass: | 114.3 t (original boiler ) 110.8 t (new boiler, coal-fired) 111.6 t (new boiler, oil-fired) |
| Service mass with tender: | 196.7 t (original boiler ) 192.0 t (new boiler, coal-fired) 196.5 t (new boiler, oil-fired) (each with full supplies) |
| Wheel set mass : | 20 t |
| Top speed: | forward 150 km / h (delivery condition) 140 km / h reverse 50 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 1,559 kW (original boiler ) 1,728 kW (new boiler, coal-fired) 1,817 kW (new boiler, oil-fired) |
| Starting tractive effort: | ~ 156 kN |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 2,000 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 1,000 mm |
| Rear wheel diameter: | 1,250 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger with hanging iron |
| Number of cylinders: | 3 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 500 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 660 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | Max. 16 bar |
| Number of heating pipes: | 106 (original boiler) 119 (new boiler) |
| Number of smoke tubes: | 24 (original boiler) 44 (new boiler) |
| Heating pipe length: | 6,800 mm (original boiler) 5,000 mm (new boiler) |
| Grate area: | 4.32 m² (original boiler ) 3.96 m² (new boiler with coal firing) |
| Radiant heating surface: | 16.9 m² (original boiler) 22 m² (new boiler) |
| Tubular heating surface: | 230.25 m² (original boiler) 184.51 m² (new boiler) |
| Superheater area : | 86 m² (original boiler) 96.15 m² (new boiler) |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 247.15 m² (original boiler) 206.51 m² (new boiler) |
| Tender: | 2'3 T 38 |
| Water supply: | 38.0 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 10.0 t coal or 13.5 m³ heavy oil |
| Brake: | Knorr single-chamber compressed air brake acting on both sides of the coupling axles + compressed air quick-acting brake acting on the drive and tender wheels |
The steam locomotives of the 01.10 series were express locomotives procured by the Deutsche Reichsbahn as part of the standard steam locomotive program and a further development of the 01 series .
history
The Deutsche Reichsbahn needed powerful steam locomotives with a maximum speed of 150 km / h for its network of fast D and FD trains . It should Trains h from 550 tons in the plane at 120 km / h and trains transported 425 tons on a slope of 4 ‰ even at 100 km /.
The existing locomotives of the 01 and 03 series were only approved for 120 and 130 km / h respectively, but their design was already designed for a top speed of 140 km / h. The strong twitching movements caused by the two-cylinder engine of this series, however, did not allow the higher speed. With regard to better start-up properties, the decision was made to purchase machines with quieter three-cylinder engines, again with simple steam expansion.
To reduce the driving resistance, the vehicles were equipped with streamlined cladding that was pulled down to 400 mm above the top edge of the rails. As tests with the 03 series showed, this enabled tractive effort to be increased by 48% at speeds of 140 km / h. In the 01.10 series, however, this additional power at higher speeds was partially consumed by the poorer steam supply of the three-cylinder engine compared to the two-cylinder engine.
With a calculated requirement of 400 locomotives, 204 pieces were initially ordered from all large locomotive factories in Germany in 1939. Due to the war , however, only 55 locomotives were delivered. All machines came from Schwartzkopff .
The following depot received locomotives of the 01.10 series:
- Leipzig Central Station West,
- Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof ,
- Halle (Saale) central station ,
- Hamburg-Altona ,
- Hanover- East, Bebra , Erfurt P,
- Dresden old town ,
- Frankfurt (Oder) Pbf,
- Wurzburg ,
- Munich as well
- the Grunewald Research Center .
During the war, some of the locomotives were delivered to Wroclaw and Katowice .
In 1944 all locomotives were relocated to West Germany because of the war.
After the Second World War, the machines were in a desperate condition. In many cases, parts of the streamlining were missing and the boilers made of the non-aging-resistant steel grade St 47 K as a boiler building material showed the first signs of fatigue. On June 20, 1945, the entire series was decommissioned. Up to this point in time, the locomotives had driven less than 500,000 kilometers. Due to the prevailing lack of locomotives after the war, the series was used again, and some machines with minor damage were temporarily repaired.
The majority of the locomotives, however, remained parked until 1949. In the same year it was decided to subject all locomotives to a reconditioning, except for one (01 1067), which was finally retired. As part of this overhaul, the streamlining of the locomotive and the tender was completely removed and smoke deflectors of the so-called Witte type were installed. The front view of the locomotives then offered an unusual view for German locomotives, as the clunky-looking surface preheater remained in its old place across the chimney and therefore the smoke chamber door was just cut off above the middle. Only two machines were fitted with the usual round smoke chamber door.
The problem of the St 47 K boiler , where damage occurred as a result of fatigue and as a result of welds , remained unsolved . Since it was no longer possible to do without the machines in the company, it was decided in 1953 to order new welded high-performance boilers with combustion chambers. These were procured from Henschel in Kassel between 1953 and 1956 and installed in the Braunschweig repair shop together with a Heinl-type mixer preheater. The evaporation capacity of the new boilers, which had a larger share of radiant heating surface, was around 10% higher than that of the old boilers despite the smaller grate and total evaporation heating surface. In the case of machines with oil firing, steam consumption down to 5.8 kg / PSih was possible.
In 1956, the 01 1100, together with the new boiler, was given a trial oil firing system. With this, the performance of the locomotive could be increased significantly, and the oil firing could be regulated more flexibly and thus better adapted to the operating conditions. The machines were therefore more economical than coal-fired steam engines. The stoker's job was made easier by eliminating the need to shovel coal; the fuel supply was now regulated by a slide. In addition, the stoker was now able to better support the engine driver in monitoring the route.
The heavy oil (Bunker-C) , which was a waste product at the time, was burned . Based on the positive experience, it was decided in 1957 to convert a further 33 locomotives of this series to oil firing.
In 1968 the coal-fired locomotives were given the series designation 011 when they were converted to the EDP-compliant numbering system , while the oil -fired locomotives were given the 012 .
The locomotives were used on all important main routes until they were electrified , for example on the Hamburg - Würzburg or Hamburg - Hamm routes .
Most recently, they were used on the Hamburg - Westerland and Rheine - Norddeich routes.
On May 31, 1975, the last machines in the series, some of which had monthly outputs of over 25,000 kilometers and total kilometers traveled well over 3.5 million kilometers, were used as planned for the last time by the Rheine depot and then decommissioned with the participation of railway enthusiasts.
Constructive execution and performance
The locomotives of the 01.10 series, like the 01 series, were given a bar frame with a 100 millimeter cheek thickness, reduced to 40 millimeters in the area of the towing wheel set.
According to the 01 Series leading were bogie running laterally displaceable about 70 millimeters, fixedly supported the Kuppelradsätze in the frame, although the flanges of the second coupling wheel set reduced by 15 millimeters, and the trailing wheel set as Adam axis were carried out with 80 millimeters of lateral displacement.
When three-cylinder steam - engine with a simple steam expansion, a two-axle drive has been executed. The two outer cylinders act on the second coupled wheel set, the middle cylinder, which is positioned in front of it and arranged at an angle, acts on the crop shaft of the first coupled wheel set. All cylinders were given a separate Heusinger - control .
In the original version, pressure compensation piston valves type Nicolai were used, the Deutsche Bundesbahn was converted to type Müller. The DB equipped the machines with drive rods and coupling rods with roller bearings instead of sliding bearings .
As mentioned above, the original boilers were made of St 47 K with a riveted construction, with a welded fire box made of IZ-II steel. A steam jet pump and a compound feed pump with a surface preheater were provided as feed equipment.
The fully welded high-performance boilers with combustion chambers built in the 1950s were made of St 34, the standing boiler and the long boiler walls were made of steel grade H I A and the fire box was made of steel grade IZ II. A non-suction steam jet pump and a piston feed pump with a mixing preheater of the Heinl type were installed to feed the boiler. In contrast to the new DB locomotives , a wet steam regulator of the Wagner type was installed again on the newly boiled 01.10.
The locomotives of the 01.10 series were able to transport a train mass of around 1,000 tonnes on the plain at 100 km / h and on a gradient of seven per thousand at 30 km / h. A 440-ton train could still be driven on a gradient of four per thousand at 100 km / h, on flat stretches 660 tons were possible at 120 km / h.
Whereabouts
Due to the late retirement, some locomotives have been preserved:
- 01 1056 is on loan from the DB Museum Nürnberg in the Railway Museum Darmstadt-Kranichstein .
- 01 1061 has been in the German Steam Locomotive Museum in Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg since 1975 .
- 01 1063 of the DB Museum Nuremberg has been a monument locomotive on the forecourt of Braunschweig main station since 1977 .
- 01 1066 belongs to the Ulm Railway Friends . It is looked after and driven by their section of the Historic Steam Express Train (HDS). It is stored outside of its operating hours in the South German Railway Museum Heilbronn (SEH). The locomotive is currently not operational due to the deadline. An early return to active museum train travel is open after an initial assessment of material damage to the worn assemblies.
- 01 1075 is operational at Stoom Stichting Nederland in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, with approval on the network of DB AG and NL Eisenbahn . It is used in front of historical special trains in the Netherlands and Germany.
- 01 1081 is being processed as a museum exhibit in the Augsburg railway park .
- 01 1082 is in the German Museum of Technology in Berlin .
- 01 1100 Deutsche Bahn AG Foundation, Nuremberg Transport Museum, Ast. Koblenz-Lützel; The locomotive was relocated to the VM Nürnberg branch in Koblenz in October 2018 and will be open to the public again in the future after having been parked in a locomotive shed in Oberhausen for years. Due to the insolvency of the Oberhausen club that had previously looked after the machine, a financially expensive restart was ultimately unsuccessful. In spite of the fact that the machine is in a very good condition, it can no longer be put back into operation without further ado due to changes in the legal provisions that arose during the new boiler construction and which had to be implemented retrospectively by the EBA as the supervisory authority for safety reasons. For the recommissioning of the boiler, new, cost-intensive certificates must be issued by experts, which would include further cost-intensive modifications. The owner and the owner of the locomotive are unable to do this, especially since, according to information from the active museum railroaders with their own or rented operational machines, the customer base for operational steam locomotives in special train services in this size class in Germany is no longer sufficient for refinancing. A rapidly feasible continued operation of the operational 01 1066 and also probably operational again from 2020 as a representative of its kind is economically more realistic.
- 01 1102 is owned by the Klings family foundation. After 23 years as a memorial in Bebra, the locomotive was completely refurbished in 1995 by the Meiningen steam locomotive works and put into service on March 6, 1996. It received a streamlined fairing that was largely reproduced from the original design from 1939, which could be reconstructed according to the original construction plans of the Reichsbahnarchiv (open engine version with modification 3/1941). In contrast to the original black and red color scheme, 01 1102 was painted steel blue and red. The locomotive is currently inoperable after an accident caused by third parties in December 2004. 01 1102 was stored in the SEH Museum Heilbronn until the beginning of the reconditioning by a Czech railway workshop. 01 1102 is set at the EVU Transeurop Eisenbahn AG , the operational capability is being sought again.
- 01 1104 was on display in Steamtown Carnforth, England from 1975 to 1996. Then it was transferred to the Bavarian Railway Museum in Nördlingen, and later it came to the SEH. Since 2010 the association Faszination Dampf e. V. in cooperation with the Joachim Schmidt Railway Foundation at the Crailsheim location. After the successful transfer from BW Crailsheim to Krefeld in the summer of 2015, 01 1104 has since been at Eisenbahnwerkstätten GmbH for the final completion of the general inspection prescribed by the Federal Railway Authority. The restart on the Deutsche Bahn AG rail network was originally intended for September 2018. However, it had to be postponed to 2020 in June 2018 due to the unexpectedly high additional repair costs of the tender, as well as further purchases of new products of operationally necessary assemblies that are considered too worn for permanent economic continued operation. The so-called cold boiler pressure test required for approval of the locomotive boiler has now been successfully completed in the course of 2018.
01 1063 issued at Braunschweig main station
01 1066 at Stuttgart main station
Locomotive 01 1102 with the streamlining that was reinstalled in 1996
literature
- Peter Konzelmann: The class 01.10 (= German steam locomotives . Volume 4 ). Working group Eisenbahn-Kurier eV, Solingen 1973.
- Horst J. Obermayer: Class 01.10 . 1st edition. transpress, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-613-71138-9 .
- Jörg Sauter: The express train locomotives of the Ulm Railway Friends 01 1066, 01 509, 01 1081, 01 173 . UEF, Leutkirch 1996.
- Jürgen-Ulrich Ebel: The series 01.10. Volume 1: Locomotive legend between the streamlined era and the computer era . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-88255-216-4 .
Web links
- Information on the preserved locomotives of the 01.10 series on the "Railway Museum Vehicles" website
Individual evidence
- ↑ Chronicle of the Steam Locomotives . Heel Verlag, Königswinter 2008, ISBN 978-3-89880-894-1 , p. 129 .
- ↑ Germany: Locomotives: BR 01.10. June 20, 2002, accessed October 9, 2017 .
- ^ Peter Konzelmann: The series 01.10. (= German steam locomotives. Volume 4). 2nd Edition. Eisenbahn-Kurier Verlag, Freiburg 1977, ISBN 3-88255-112-7 , p. 9.
- ↑ Alfred B. Gottwaldt: History of the German standard locomotives. The steam locomotives of the Reichsbahn and their designers e. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1978, Reprint Kosmos, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07941-4 , p. 155 with quotations from Richard Paul Wagner on the reasons for equipping with a three-cylinder engine
- ^ Manfred Weisbrod, Hans Müller, Wolfgang Petznick: Steam Locomotive Archive , Volume 1 . transpress VEB Publishing House for Transport, Berlin 1976, p. 26.
- ↑ Arge. for training aids on behalf of the main administration of the Deutsche Bundesbahn (ed.): Railway teaching library of the Deutsche Bundesbahn, Volume 134, Steam Locomotive Studies. 2nd Edition. Josef Keller, Starnberg 1959, p. 67.
- ↑ Alfred B. Gottwaldt: History of the German standard locomotives. The steam locomotives of the Reichsbahn and their designers. e. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1978. (Reprint Kosmos, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07941-4 , p. 155 with quotation from Richard Paul Wagner on this fact)
- ↑ Manfred Weisbrod, Hans Müller, Wolfgang Petznick: German Steam Locomotives, Steam Locomotive Archive Class 01-39. 2nd Edition. transpress VEB Verlag für Verkehrwesen, Berlin 1976, ISBN 3-87094-058-1 , p. 29.
- ↑ Leopold Niederstrasser: Guide for the locomotive service . Reprint of the 9th edition from 1957. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Eisenbahngeschichte eV, Karlsruhe 1989, ISBN 3-921700-26-4 , p. 39.
- ^ Peter Konzelmann: The series 01.10. (= German steam locomotives. Volume 4). 2nd Edition. Eisenbahn-Kurier Verlag, Freiburg 1977, ISBN 3-88255-112-7 , p. 18.
- ↑ Jürgen Quellmalz: The class 05. (= German steam locomotives. Volume 12). Eisenbahn-Kurier-Verlag, Freiburg 1978, ISBN 3-88255-105-4 , p. 93.
- ^ Peter Konzelmann: The series 01.10. (= German steam locomotives. Volume 4). 2nd Edition. Eisenbahn-Kurier Verlag, Freiburg 1977, ISBN 3-88255-112-7 , p. 24.
- ↑ Arge. for training aids on behalf of the main administration of the Deutsche Bundesbahn (ed.): Railway teaching library of the Deutsche Bundesbahn, Volume 134, Steam Locomotive Studies. 2nd Edition. Josef Keller, Starnberg 1959, p. 290 f.
- ↑ The streamlined steam locomotive 01 1102 was transferred to the Czech steam locomotive repair shop in České Velenice on November 8, 2013 for the main inspection with repair of the damage caused by the accident in 2004. The work had started and was originally supposed to take about a year to get back into operation. Due to the interim insolvency of the repair shop, the work has been stopped and has not yet been resumed.
- ↑ Project information on restarting the steam locomotive 01 1104