Disputatio de homine

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The Disputatio de homine , in German disputation on people , is a disputation by Martin Luther from 1536. In it, Luther not only fundamentally unfolds his understanding of human beings, but also uses it to assign theology and philosophy to one another.

Lore

There is neither a handwritten original nor a contemporary copy of the disputation, nor a single print. The oldest witnesses to tradition are:

  • the collections of disputation theses, the "Wittenberg Proposition Collection" from 1558.
  • the second volume of the opera latina in the first edition of the Wittenberg Complete Edition of 1546.
  • the first volume in the second edition of the same edition from 1550.
  • the second volume in the second edition of the same edition from 1551.
  • the first volume of the Latin series of the Jena Complete Edition of 1556.

Dating

The theses can be dated exactly to January 14, 1536 based on a fragment of the disputation.

Subject and structure

The subject of the disputation is the definition of man in the conflict between theology and philosophy . According to the topic, the disputation is divided into two parts, namely the philosophical definition, Th. 1–19, and the theological definition of man, Th. 20–40. Both discussions can again be divided into three sections, namely into

  • Th. 1–3: Introduction of the philosophical definition of humans as rational animals .
  • Th. 4–9: The limited right of philosophical definition.
  • Th. 10-19: Critique of the philosophical definition.

for the philosophical definition and correspondingly for the theological in:

  • Th. 20-23: Introduction of the definition.
  • Th. 24–31: Determination of the right of theological definition.
  • Th. 32–40: Differentiation from the scholastic-philosophical definition.

literature

  • Otto Hof: Luther's theses “De homine” . In: ELKZ . No. 4 , 1950, p. 354-359 .
  • Hermann Dembowski: Martin Luther's Disputatio de homine from 1536 . In: W. Biemel, Husserl-Archiv zu Löwen (ed.): The world of people - The world of philosophy, Festschrift for Jan Patocka . The Hague 1976, p. 177-201 .
  • Gerhard Ebeling : Disputatio de homine . In: Luther Studies . 1st edition. tape 2 . Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 1977, ISBN 3-16-139882-3 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ Gerhard Ebeling, Luther Studies Vol. 2, Part 1, p. 1
  2. ↑ cf. Gerhard Ebeling, Luther Studies Vol. 2, Part 1, p. 9
  3. ↑ The theses are not included in the collection of propositions from 1538.
  4. ↑ The theses are also not yet included in the first volume of the Opera latina, 1st edition, cf. Ebeling, Luther Studies Vol. 2, Part 1, p. 3
  5. ↑ Cod. Helmst. 773 in Wolfenbüttel, fol. 202 b -205 b , cf. Gerhard Ebeling, Luther Studies Vol. 2, Part 1, p. 6
  6. ^ Gerhard Ebeling, Luther Studies, Vol. 2, Part 1, 43f.