Enosis

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Greeks demonstrate for Enosis (1930s)

The enosis ( Greek ( Katharevousa ) Ένωσις , union ' ) actually refers to the union of the predominantly Greek territories with the Greek state. The first enosis was the accession of the Republic of the Ionian Islands to Greece in 1864.

The Enosis movement was also successful in 1881 with the annexation of Thessaly and at the beginning of the 20th century with the unification of Crete , the southern part of Epirus and the southern part of Macedonia with the Greek state.

The continuation of the unification efforts , the Megali Idea operated mainly by Eleftherios Venizelos , suffered a decisive setback with the defeat of Greece in 1922 in the Greco-Turkish War . Today no major political group supports the enosis idea. Outside of Greece, there is only a Greek-speaking majority in Cyprus , and the Republic of Cyprus as a state now has its own self-image.

Today, Enosis is primarily used to describe the efforts of the Greek Cypriots to join the island of Cyprus to Greece since the fall of the Ottoman Empire . The Enosis was initially mainly from the EOKA and the President Makarios III. driven forward. With the independence of the Republic of Cyprus and the forcible establishment of a military junta in Greece , support from the majority of the Greek Cypriot population ended.

The colonel's regime in Greece was not deterred by this rejection and supported the splinter group EOKA-B (pronounced: “Beta”) against the Makarios government . The result was a destabilization of the island and the murder and intimidation of supposed enemies and members of the Turkish minority. On July 15, 1974, the National Guard carried out a coup on behalf of the Athens regime, and the President Nikos Sampson appointed by it proclaimed the enosis with Greece. In the Cyprus conflict that broke out again , Turkish troops marched in and occupied the northern part of the island, whereby the Taksim 'partition' favored by Turkey was in fact enforced, albeit not under international law. After these events, the junta in Greece could not hold out and collapsed.