Garching an der Alz

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 8 '  N , 12 ° 35'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Bavaria
County :	Altötting
Height :	459 m above sea level NHN
Area :	25.87 km 2
Residents:	8645 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	334 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	84518
Area code :	08634
License plate :	AÖ, LF
Community key :	09 1 71 117
Community structure:	67 districts
Address of the municipal administration:	Rathausplatz 1 84518 Garching adAlz
Website :	www.garching-alz.de
First Mayor :	Maik Krieger ( CSU )
Location of the municipality of Garching adAlz in the Altötting district

Garching with the district of Wald (back)

Garching an der Alz (officially: Garching adAlz ) is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Altötting .

geography

Geographical location

The main town is in the Alztal, 30 km north of the Chiemsee and 20 km north of the Waginger See on the federal road 299 . The river that gives the municipality the addition of the Alz to its name is the outflow of the Chiemsee.

Community structure

There are 67 parish parts:

At the Winklhart Diversion Beard loan Berndlmühle Brandl Brandstätt Bruck Bruckod Well Brunnthal Villages Egg Enhub spot Förgenthal Galland Garching an der Alz

Geisberg Gloneck Hard on the Alz Harteck Hartfeld Hard mill Hausen Hub Hutlehen Kaindl Kastenstatt Kobler Kronberg Kronposthub Lacquers Long sword Fiefdom

Lex Lindach Loderer Maierhofen Matzo Mauerberg Bricklayer Morn Obergarching Oberhausen Oberlindach Oed Pirzlöd Point Riding Schnabling Schönstadt

Black man Simetsbichl Mirror Mountain Stuck Steffellehen Strass Thalhausen Forest on the Alz Weipolding Want Wimm Angle Winklhart Wurasöd Fence bos Target stroke .

history

Until the church is planted

Scattered and settlement finds from the Neolithic Age prove the beginning of an almost continuous settlement of the area on the middle Alz for almost 5000 years. The oldest burial place in the municipality, a so-called stool grave , dates from the time of the bell-cup culture , approx. 2300 BC. The Alztal was favorable for the north-south trade routes: salt and copper from the Alpine region, grain and iron from Lower Bavaria and the Danube region. Several finds on the central terrace of the Alztal, for example burial mounds 1600–1200 BC Chr., The splendid burial of a tribal leader as a chariot grave in Hart / Alz, which dates from around 1250 BC. BC, necropolis of the Urnfield Culture 1200–800 BC (Excavation in 2003, 26 urns + sword grave). Barrows from around 500 BC BC, show that the area was more densely populated in the Bronze and Iron Ages. A small village with a grave field (approx. 140 graves, excavation 1972/73) existed in the Bavarian period . This place, which was donated to Salzburg in 747/49, was first mentioned in a document around 798 in the Salzburg list of goods Breves Notitiae as Gouvrichingen . The prehistory and early history of Garching an der Alz is presented in a modern way in the local history collection Museum am Rathaus .

The arid land on the high banks of the Alz was reclaimed in the course of the 10th century. West of the Alz, in addition to the Salzburgers, the ducal landowners also have a larger share. To the east of the Alz there are monastic free float, above all the Cistercian monastery Raitenhaslach , also Baumburg and Ranshofen.

At the beginning of the 13th century, the castle, which later became Wald an der Alz Castle , was built with the area of ​​the Walder Herrschaft (maintenance office), which also includes Garching, the present-day communities Feichten, Kirchweidach, Halsbach and parts of Burgkirchen included. It marked a Salzburg border post to Bavaria. After the Erhartingen treaties and the extinction of the Lords of Wald at the beginning of the 14th century, Garching and the dominion of Wald became Bavarian. The Lords of Wald belonged to the leading Salzburg-Bavarian ministerial class, but were not able to participate in tournaments. They held high offices as carers in Reichenhall, judges in Trostberg or Vicedome of Lower Bavaria.

Since 1508, the von der Leiter, descendants of the northern Italian della Scala , resided at Wald Castle. Between 1602 and 1736 the rule was owned by the Counts of Wartenberg . Duke Ferdinand of Bavaria , the uncle of the later Elector Maximilian I , had married the young and extremely pretty Maria Pettenbeck, rent clerk's daughter from Haag . The "half" Wittelsbachers that grew out of this sideline would be considered (titl.) Counts of Wartenberg (near Erding. Seat of the Wittelsbachers at the time of enfeoffment with the Bavarian duke in 1180) after the extinction of the old Bavarian line - even before the Palatinate and Zweibrückers - been entitled to inheritance. Unfortunately, in 1730, the young Count von Wartenberg suffocated fatefully on a peach stone in the Ettal Knight Academy . The rule of forest was thereupon cabinet rule and by the elector to various nobles, including the Fugger , bestowed. The independent administration of the forest rulership, at times even with a high court (of which a preserved "gallows column" testifies), existed until 1803.

19th and 20th centuries

At the beginning of the 19th century, Josef Keller was a school teacher in Wald. Keller had been a monastery organist in Seeon when the young Mozart first played the monastery organ there while traveling to Munich. As precursor of popular Zither game of the singer and Zither Virtuose, music shop and music teachers was Josef water Burger (1788-1857), the Wirtsepperl z'Garching, known. A folk song of the same name keeps the memory of him alive, even if some song verses do not reveal any biographical features. His merit was the introduction of the zither in Lower Bavaria and Upper Austria between 1820 and 1850.

The former rural community of Engelsberg, Altötting district, was renamed Garching in 1858.

Garching (center) and the surrounding area in the 1930s (record sheet of the 3rd Austrian regional record )

In 1905 the community of Garching was inhabited by 762 people. The construction of the railway Mühldorf - Freilassing ., Called Bayerische Tauernbahn 1908, was as Alzüberquerung one of the largest bridges in Senkbrunnentechnik of the then German Empire arise. With the construction of a plant of Bayerische Kraftwerke AG, later the Süddeutsche Kalkstickstoffwerke (SKW) , the population increased rapidly. A factory settlement was built in 1923/24 as a model settlement of a garden city according to the plans of the Swiss architect Otto Rudolf Salvisberg (1882–1940).

The NSDAP recorded its worst results in Bavaria in Garching an der Alz, although the local group leader Ernst Schmidt was a comrade of Adolf Hitler's World War II. Unlike in other places, there were no street names shaped by Nazi figures. The central square, named after the Jewish chemist and community honorary citizen Nikodemus Caro , was renamed after the building councilor Karl Janisch with the introduction of street names and house numbers in 1965. During the Second World War , Garchings railway station was bombed on March 19, 1945, and a freight train fully loaded with explosives was driven away just in time. The American bomber groups launched in Stornara in southern Italy were supposed to bomb Mühldorf am Inn and Landshut. Due to an identification error, over 100 bombs containing 250 kg of TNT each were dropped. The invasion of the Americans (86th US Inf. Div., Black Hawks) took place on May 4, 1945, at 9 a.m.

At the end of the war and in the post-war period, many expellees came to Garching. Garching an der Alz has had a municipal coat of arms since 1957, following the suggestion of honorary citizen Josef Dirscherl.

Incorporations

The incorporation of the neighboring village of Wald an der Alz took place on May 1, 1978.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the municipality grew from 7,410 to 8,642 by 1,232 inhabitants or 16.6%.

politics

Town hall Garching adAlz

Municipal council

The municipality of Garching has a 20-member municipal council , voting ratio since the last municipal election in 2020:

• Christian Social Union ( CSU ): 8 seats
• Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ): 2 seats
• Free voters ( FW ): 5 seats
• Free without a party ( FoP ): 3 seats
• Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen ( Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen Bayern ): 2 seats

In addition, the community has set up units for important topics, which are represented by community councils on a voluntary basis.

The parish church of St. Nicholas

mayor

In the election on March 15, 2020 , Maik Krieger (CSU) was elected mayor with 58.2% of the vote. His predecessor Christian Mende (* 1953, SPD / The Independent) no longer ran.

coat of arms

	Blazon : "In a red shield at the top and a blue shield at the bottom, a continuous silver bridge, over the middle of which stands a silver bridge cross."

Town twinning

•  Laa an der Thaya , Lower Austria, Austria, since 2003
•  Collesalvetti , Tuscany, Italy, since 2004

Friendly relationships exist with Stolpen in Saxony / Germany.

Culture and sights

• The neo-Romanesque Catholic parish church of St. Nicholas was built from 1870 to 1872.
• The SKW factory estate, built between 1921 and 1924, is considered to be one of the most beautiful garden cities in Germany.

See also: List of architectural monuments in Garching an der Alz and List of ground monuments in Garching an der Alz

Geotopes

• Nagelfluh outcrop at the Brunnthal railway cut; unfortunately overgrown, geoscientific meaning "valuable".

traffic

Road traffic

In the eastern part of the main development of the community, the federal highway 299 leads in north-south direction past Altötting and the federal highway 94 in the north and south toward Trostberg and further on the federal highway 304 toward Traunstein . State road 2355 connects Garching with Mühldorf am Inn .

These bus connections are operated by Regionalverkehr Oberbayern (RVO):

• Garching - Altoetting
• Garching - Burghausen
• Garching - Traunstein (line 9442)

Rail transport

Garching (Alz) railway station

The Mühldorf – Freilassing railway runs through the village, and trains run every two hours by the Südostbayernbahn. The Traunstein – Garching (Traun-Alz-Bahn) line branches off from Garching station and is also used by trains of the Südostbayernbahn every two hours from Mühldorf. There is an hourly service between Garching and Mühldorf .

In terms of freight traffic, block trains run through Garching to and from companies in the “ Chemical Triangle ” in Gendorf and Burghausen . Freight trains can also be found between Mühldorf and Garching, serving customers in Garching and on the Traun-Alz-Bahn .

Personalities

House of the Janischsiedlung

• Josef Wasserburger (1788–1857), folk singer and zither player
• Maria Andergast (1912–1995), Austrian actress, born in the Brunnthal district
• Anton Feichtner (* 1942 in Garching), Bavarian folk actor
• Tobias Zech (* 1981), politician (CSU), member of the Bundestag from 2013 to 2017 and from 2020 to now (successor), member of the Garching municipal council since 2002
• Hartwig Hausdorf (* 1955), writer, lives in Garching
• Manfred Lucha (* 1961), politician (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Minister for Social Affairs and Integration in Baden-Württemberg

Honorary citizen

• Karl Janisch (1870–1946), German mechanical engineer and manager in the nitrogen industry

literature

• Fritz Demmel: History and stories from the municipality of Garching an der Alz. Altötting 1999

Web links

Commons : Garching an der Alz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Garching an der Alz municipality
• Garching an der Alz: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Garching an der Alz community in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on December 23, 2017.
3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes for municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 567 .
4. ↑ Municipal Council. Garching an der Alz municipality, accessed on July 16, 2020 . 
5. ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Garching an der Alz  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
6. ↑ [1]
7. ↑ Bus routes (listed in the box)