George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence
George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence (also George of York , born October 21, 1449 in Dublin , † February 18, 1478 in London ), was an English nobleman from the House of York at the time of the Wars of the Roses .
Life
He was the sixth son of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York (1411-1460) and Cecily Neville . He was their third eldest son to reach adulthood. His older brother became King of England as Edward IV in 1461 .
As part of his brother's coronation ceremonies, he was beaten to Knight of the Bath on June 27, 1461 and raised to Duke of Clarence the following day . In the same year he was accepted as a Knight Companion in the Order of the Garter. From 1462 to 1470 he held the office of Chief Governor of Ireland .
In 1469 he married Isabella Neville , daughter of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick , and his mother's great-niece. In 1470 he participated in the uprising of his father-in-law against his brother Edward IV and for the reinstatement of King Heinrich VI. , but eventually defected to his brother, followed him into exile in France and fought for him in the battles of Barnet and Tewkesbury in 1471 . After his reinstatement, his brother reinstated him as Chief Governor of Ireland in 1472 and appointed him Earl of Salisbury on March 25, 1472 .
In the following years there was a power struggle between George and his younger brother. Increasingly he lost the favor of the king. After the death of his wife in 1476, he tried to marry Mary of Burgundy , which the king forbade him. Due to the interference in court proceedings, he was charged with high treason and ostracized by Parliament on February 8, 1478 ( Bill of Attainder ), whereby he lost all titles and possessions, and sentenced to death . Ten days later he was killed on Tower Hill - allegedly at his own request by drowning in a barrel of Malvasia wine .
From his marriage to Isabella Neville he left a daughter, Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury (1473–1541), and a son, Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick (1474–1499); two other children died early.
See also
Web links
- Sir George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence on thepeerage.com
literature
- Michael Hicks: George, duke of Clarence (1449-1478). In: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Oxford University Press, 2004 as seen on March 11, 2012 License required
Individual evidence
- ^ Frederick Maurice Powicke, Edmund Boleslav Fryde: Handbook of British Chronology. The Royal Historical Society, London 1961, p. 422
- ^ Royle, Trevor: The Wars of the Roses. England's first civil war. Abacus, London 2009, ISBN 978-0-349-11790-4 , p. 374
predecessor | Office | successor |
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New title created |
Duke of Clarence 1461-1478 |
Title forfeited |
New title created |
Earl of Salisbury 1461-1478 |
Title forfeited |
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Plantagenet, George, 1st Duke of Clarence |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | George of York |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | English nobleman from the House of York |
DATE OF BIRTH | October 21, 1449 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Dublin |
DATE OF DEATH | February 18, 1478 |
Place of death | London |