Goldman dilemma

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The Goldman dilemma (English Goldman dilemma or Goldman's dilemma ) is the name given to a study by the US doctor and publicist Bob Goldman , which found that around 50% of high-performance athletes would be willing to die within five years if they taking a drug would secure an Olympic gold medal. Goldman first conducted such surveys in 1982 and repeated them every two years until the mid-1990s. The results were always similar. In 2009, a complementary study by Australian sports physicians published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine found that, in contrast, only about 1% of the general population would be willing to pay such a price for outstanding professional success. The researchers concluded that competitive athletes' attitudes towards achieving success differed significantly from large parts of the rest of the population. The Goldman dilemma is often cited in relation to gene doping , which can be very effective but lead to massive side effects.

A 2013 publication by Australian and Canadian scientists questioned the accuracy of Goldman's assumptions. Their survey of North American athletes showed a much lower approval rate than 50% and no significant deviation from the general population.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Phys Ed: Will Olympic Athletes Dope if They Know It Might Kill Them? In: New York Times January 20, 2010.
  2. ↑ JM Connor, J. Mazanov: Would you dope? A general population test of the Goldman dilemma. In: British journal of sports medicine. Volume 43, Number 11, October 2009, pp. 871-872, ISSN  1473-0480 . doi : 10.1136 / bjsm.2009.057596 . PMID 19211586 .
  3. ↑ Suzan Tug, Ulrich M. Lauer, Perikles Simon: Gene doping: In principle, evidence is possible. In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt . Vol. 109, No. 3, 2012, A-80 / B-76 / C-76.
  4. ↑ "Turbo muscles thanks to gene therapy" , magazine hitec , 3sat on 24 April 2011th
  5. ↑ Would they dope? Revisiting the Goldman dilemma , BJSM Online First, published on January 23, 2013

literature

  • Bob Goldman, Patricia J. Bush, Ronald Klatz: Death in the locker room. Steroids, Cocaine & Sports. Icarus Press, South Bend IN 1984, ISBN 0-89651-155-3 .
  • J. Connor, J. Woolf, J. Mazanov: Would they dope? Revisiting the Goldman dilemma. In: British journal of sports medicine. [electronic publication before printing] January 2013, ISSN  1473-0480 . doi : 10.1136 / bjsports-2012-091826 . PMID 23343717 .