Harry B. Gray

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Harry Gray 2013

Harry Barkus Gray (born November 14, 1935 in Woodburn , Kentucky ) is an American chemist .

life and work

Harry Barkus Gray was born to Barkus and Ruby Gray, b. Hopper, born. In 1957 he made his bachelor's degree from Western Kentucky University . He then wrote his doctoral thesis under Fred Basolo and Ralph G. Pearson . In 1960 he received his doctorate from Northwestern University and then went for a year as a post-doctoral student to Carl Johan Ballhausen at the University of Copenhagen , where he researched metal complexes with this . From 1961 to 1966 he was employed at Columbia University , first as a lecturer (1961–1963), then as an associate professor (1963–1965) and finally as a full professor (1965–1966). In 1964 he received a research grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation ( Sloan Research Fellowship ). In 1966 he moved to the California Institute of Technology , where he became Arnold O. Beckman Professor of Chemistry and established the Beckman Institute there and continues to direct it today. Visiting professorships have led him to Rockefeller University , Harvard University , University of Iowa , Yeshiva University , University of Copenhagen, Witwatersrand University , University of Canterbury , University of Hong Kong and University of Oxford .

Gray works in the fields of inorganic chemistry , biochemistry , biophysics and is considered a co-founder of bioinorganic chemistry . In more detail, he studies long-range electron transfers in inorganic complexes, especially in metalloproteins . By adding ruthenium complexes, he was able to demonstrate that electron transitions take place at significant rates even between distant metal atoms in the complex. Electrons tunnel through the surrounding polypeptide over distances of one to two nanometers (around ten to twenty atomic diameters) . In addition, Gray researches the mechanisms of inorganic and bioinorganic reactions as well as protein folding .

On June 2, 1957, he married Shirley Barnes, with whom he has three children, Victoria Lynn, Andrew Thomas and Noah Harry Barkus.

Harry Gray, 2011

Publications

Gray has contributed to more than 700 scientific papers. A selection:

  • with JR Winkler, DG Nocera, KM Yocom and E. Bordignon: Electron-Transfer Kinetics of Pentaammineruthenium (III) (histidine-33) -ferricytochrome-c. Measurement of the Rate of Intramolecular Electron Transfer Between Redox Centers Separated by 15 in a Protein. In: Journal of the American Chemical Society . Volume 104, 1982, pp. 5798-5800.
  • with SL Mayo, WR Ellis, Jr. and RJ Crutchley: Long-Range Electron Transfer in Heme Proteins. In: Science . Volume 233, 1986, pp. 948-952.
  • with DS Wuttke, MJ Bjerrum and JR Winkler: Electron-Tunneling Pathways in Cytochrome c. In: Science. Volume 256, 1992, pp. 1007-1009.
  • with R. Langen, I-Jy Chang, JP Germanas, JH Richards and JR Winkler: Electron Tunneling in Proteins: Coupling through a -Strand. In: Science. Volume 268, 1995, pp. 1733-1735.
  • with JR Winkler: Electron Transfer in Proteins. In: Annual review of biochemistry . Volume 65, 1996, pp. 537-561.
  • with JR Telford, P. Wittung-Stafshede and JR Winkler: Protein Folding Triggered by Electron Transfer. In: Accounts of chemical research. Volume 31, 1998, pp. 755-763.
  • with JR Winkler, AJ Di Bilio, NA Farrow and JH Richards: Electron Tunneling in Biological Molecules. In: Pure and applied chemistry. Volume 71, 1999, pp. 1753-1764.
  • with JR Winkler: Electron tunneling through proteins. In: Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics. Volume 36, 2003, pp. 341-371.
  • withO. S. Wenger, BS Leigh, RM Villahermosa and JR Winkler: Electron Tunneling through Organic Molecules in Frozen Glasses. In: Science. Volume 307, 2005, pp. 99-102.
  • with JR Winkler: Long-range electron transfer. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . Volume 102, 2005, pp. 3534-3539.
Books
  • Electrons and Chemical Bonding . Benjamin, New York et al. 1964 (German as electrons and chemical bonds . De Gruyter, Berlin, New York 1973, ISBN 3-11-003502-2 )
  • with Carl Johan Ballhausen: Molecular Orbital theory. An introductory lecture note and reprint volume . Benjamin, New York et al. 1964.
  • with Cooper Harold Langford: Ligand Substitution Processes . Benjamin, New York et al. 1966, ISBN 0-8053-5822-6 .
  • with Gilbert Pierce Haight: Basic Principles of Chemistry . Benjamin, New York 1967, ISBN 0-8053-3341-0
  • with Joseph B. Dence and George Simms Hammond: Chemical Dynamics . Benjamin, New York et al. 1968.
  • with Richard Earl Dickerson and Gilbert Pierce Haight: Chemical Principles . Benjamin, New York 1970, ISBN 0-8053-2359-7 (German as principles of chemistry . De Gruyter, Berlin, New York 1978, ISBN 3-11-004499-4 )
  • with George Simms Hammond and Janet Osteryoung: Models in Chemical Science. An introduction to general chemistry . Benjamin, New York et al. 1971, ISBN 0-8053-3670-2 .
  • with John G. Swanson and Thomas H. Crawford: Project ACAC. An experimental investigation in synthesis and structure . Bogden and Quigley, Tarrytown-on-Hudson, NY 1972, ISBN 0-8005-0030-X .
  • Chemical bonds. An introduction to atomic and molecular structure . Benjamin, Menlo Park, Calif. 1973, ISBN 0-8053-3402-5 , later edition: Univ. Science Books, Mill Valley, Calif. 1994, ISBN 0-935702-35-0 .
  • with Roger L. DeKock: Chemical Structure and Bonding . Benjamin / Cummings Pub. Co., Menlo Park, California 1980, ISBN 0-8053-2310-4 .
  • with Carl Johan Ballhausen: Molecular Electronic Structures . Benjamin / Cummings, Reading, Mass. 1980, ISBN 0-8053-0452-5 .
  • with Alfred Beverly Philip Lever (Ed.): Iron Porphyrins . Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass. 1982, ISBN 0-201-05816-2 , ISBN 0-201-05817-0 .
  • with Ivano Bertini, Harry Barkus Gray, Stephen J. Lippard and Joan Selverstone Valentine: Bioinorganic chemistry . University Science Books, Mill Valley, California 1994, ISBN 0-935702-57-1 .
  • with John D. Simon and William C. Trogler: Braving the Elements . University Science Books, Sausalito 1995, ISBN 0-935702-34-2 .
  • with Ivano Bertini, Edward I. Stiefel and Joan Selverstone Valentine: Biological Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Reactivity . 2007, ISBN 978-1-891389-43-6 .

Honors (selection)

Memberships

literature

Web links

Commons : Harry B. Gray  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ biographical data, publications and Academic pedigree of Harry Barkus Gray at academictree.org, accessed on 7 February 2018th
personal data
SURNAME Gray, Harry B.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gray, Harry Barkus (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American chemist
DATE OF BIRTH November 14, 1935
PLACE OF BIRTH Woodburn, Kentucky