Interoceptive conditioning

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The interoceptive conditioning is a specialized form of classical conditioning (reflex learning) wherein one or both stimuli used (the CS or UCS) internal receptors relate. Razan (1961) differentiates between four different forms of classical conditioning depending on whether the sensory stimuli are effective internally or externally:

Extero-exteroceptive conditioning: In the usual procedure of classical conditioning, an external CS (light) and an external (UCS) meat powder are used to trigger a salivation reaction.

Intero-exteroceptive conditioning: rubber balloon in the dog's stomach is filled with cold water (CS) each time before the dog is fed (UCS). After conditioning, the dog reacts with saliva as soon as the balloon is filled with water.

Extero-interoceptive conditioning: Several patients had to watch a pointer (CS) while a balloon in the urinary bladder was inflated (UCS) causing them to feel an urge to urinate. After conditioning, they felt an urge to urinate just when they saw the hand move.

Intero-interoceptive conditioning: A rubber balloon in the dog's stomach is filled with air (CS), then a mixture of carbon dioxide and air is introduced through a tube into the windpipe (UCS). After conditioning, the dog shows a defensive breathing reaction triggered by stomach expansion alone.

Through interoceptive exposure , i.e. the presentation of the interoceptive CS without the UCS, an attempt can be made to delete interoceptive conditioning. Interoceptive exposure is used in the treatment of panic disorder and hypochondria . In the treatment of panic disorders, attempts are made to create the CS by consciously breathing quickly or running up stairs (panic provocation training).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Roger M. Tarpy: Learning: Experimental Basics . Springer, 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-67376-4 , pp. 22 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ↑ Tobias Teismann, Jürgen Margraf: Exposition and confrontation . Hogrefe Verlag, 2017, ISBN 978-3-8444-2825-4 ( google.de [accessed October 27, 2018]).
  3. ↑ James N. Butcher, Susan Mineka, Jill M. Hooley: Clinical Psychology . Pearson Deutschland GmbH, 2009, ISBN 978-3-8273-7328-1 , p. 253 ( limited preview in Google Book search).