J / Direct
J / Direct was a technology included in some versions of Microsoft's Java Virtual Machine that allowed direct calls to the Windows API . J / Direct replaced the Java Native Interface in Microsoft's virtual machine .
The release of J / Direct (along with AFC and WFC) was part of Microsoft's strategy to take the lead in the growing Java community.
Java programs using J / Direct could only run under Microsoft Windows . This was seen as Microsoft's attempt to undo one of the greatest advantages of Java, its platform independence, in line with the tactics of Embrace, Extend and Extinguish .
After Microsoft gave up its own Java virtual machine and switched to the .NET environment, J / Direct was no longer developed.