Cuirassier regiment "Emperor Nicholas I of Russia" (Brandenburg) No. 6

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Cuirassiers of the regiment in July and August 1809
Epaulets with the Cyrillic N, above the tsar's crown

The Cuirassiers "Emperor Nicholas I of Russia" (Brandenburg) no. 6 was a cavalry joined the Prussian army .

Association membership 1914

6th Division in Brandenburg - Commander : Lieutenant General Sigismund von Förster
6th Cavalry Brigade in Brandenburg - Commander: Major General Egon von Schmettow

history

Lineup

Cuirassier barracks in Brandenburg around 1881

After the defeat in the battle of Jena and Auerstedt , the Prussian army was almost destroyed in 1806 and had to be completely reformed. On October 16, 1807 (Foundation Day), a so-called cuirassier brigade was assembled in Tilsit and used:

In 1808 the newly formed association received the designation Brandenburgisches Kürassier-Regiment and was stationed in Labiau and Insterburg .

In 1809 the regiment moved to the Margraviate of Brandenburg and was accommodated by squadrons in Spandau , Nauen , Oranienburg , Wusterhausen and Rathenow . In 1850 the regiment moved to its final garrison in Brandenburg an der Havel .

In the course of time the regiment changed its name several times:

  • on November 5, 1816 in the 3rd Cuirassier Regiment (Brandenburg)
  • on May 27, 1819 in the 6th Cuirassier Regiment (Brandenburg) " Grand Duke Nikolaus "
  • on January 18, 1826 in the 6th Cuirassier Regiment (called Kaiser von Russland)
  • on March 18, 1855 in the 6th Cuirassier Regiment (Emperor Nicholas I of Russia)
  • on July 4, 1860 in the Brandenburg Cuirassier Regiment (Emperor Nicholas I of Russia)
  • on January 27, 1889 in the Cuirassier Regiment "Emperor Nicholas I of Russia" (Brandenburg) No. 6

Wars of Liberation

In the Wars of Liberation , the association was involved in the battle of Großgörschen on May 2, 1813 and later fought in the corps of Field Marshal Blücher in France. On October 13, 1813, the regiment took part in the cavalry battle of Liebertwolkwitz , with Lieutenant Leopold Freiherr von Gillern (formerly Gens d'armes) from this regiment opened the battle with his platoon .

German-Danish War

In the war against Denmark in 1864 the regiment was mobilized and used in patrol and security service.

German war

In the war against Austria , the regiment invaded Bohemia in 1866 and took part in the Battle of Königgrätz .

Franco-German War

In the war against France in 1870/71 the regiment fought first at Spichern and on August 16, 1870 in the battle of Mars-la-Tour . The German cavalry had to intervene in battle several times to relieve the infantry. It was here also the cavalry that carried out the first attack against the Rhine Army , and with it the battle began. In this battle the Cuirassier Regiment also took part in the last attack at dusk, in which a hill south of Rezonville was finally conquered. The regiment then took part in the battle of Gravelotte , which led to the final enclosure of the French army in Metz .

In September and October the cuirassiers were involved in the siege of Paris and from the end of November 1870 did reconnaissance service against the French Loire Army . The war led them via Orléans to the decisive battle of Le Mans . It was in December 1870 and January 1871 in particular the German cavalry that had to fight in many small meetings against scattered French units and Franc shooters . In these battles, the individual squadrons of the regiment often had to operate independently and were accordingly left on their own in the battles.

After the armistice , the regiment was assigned to the occupation force and did not return to its peace garrison until March 6, 1873.

First World War

At the beginning of the First World War , the regiment took part in the invasion of neutral Belgium and fought near Liège and Namur . This was followed by participation in the Marne Battle and the retreat behind the Aisne . From autumn 1914 he was transferred to the Eastern Front with cavalry operations in Russian Poland and Russia until the summer of 1915. Then split into 1st and 2nd half regiments.

1st Half Regiment (1st and 2nd Squadron) : It was in the east until the end of the war and was used in Serbia , Lithuania , Courland and against the Kerensky Offensive . In 1918 it was still fighting against Bolshevik associations.

2nd Half Regiment (3rd and 4th Squadron) : In the summer of 1915, it was relocated to the west. After the horses were surrendered, the former cavalrymen fought in the Battle of Verdun , as well as in the association of the 7th Cavalry Rifle Division in the trench warfare and until November 1918 in the defensive battles in northern France.

Whereabouts

After the end of the war, the squadrons arrived individually in Brandenburg until December 1918, where the regiment was demobilized and finally disbanded. In January 1919, two volunteer squadrons were set up from the remains to take part in the fighting against the Polish insurgents in the " Border Guard East " . After their return in January 1920, they were combined into a squadron and joined the Reichswehr Cavalry Regiment 103 of the Provisional Reichswehr .

The tradition took over in the Reichswehr by decree of the Chief of the Army Command General of the Infantry Hans von Seeckt from August 24, 1921, the 1st Squadron of the 3rd (Prussian) Cavalry Regiment in Rathenow .

Commanders

Rank Surname date
major Karl Ludwig von Kunow October 16, 1807 to April 13, 1809
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Friedrich Adolf Ludwig von Bismarck April 29, 1809 to December 4, 1811
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Georg Leopold Gustav August von Hake 0December 4, 1811 to March 18, 1815
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Karl Georg von Loebell May 17, 1815 to November 7, 1816
Lieutenant colonel Wilhelm Ludwig von Zollikofer December 10, 1816 to September 3, 1830
Lieutenant colonel Joachim von Brandenstein 0September 4, 1830 to February 9, 1832 (responsible for the tour)
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Joachim Gottfried von Brandenstein February 10, 1832 to March 7, 1836
major Hans Ludwig von Hanneken March 30, 1836 to January 13, 1837 (responsible for the tour)
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Hans Ludwig von Hanneken January 14, 1837 to May 15, 1844
major Wilhelm Ferdinand von Berg May 16, 1844 to January 13, 1845 (in charge of the tour)
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Wilhelm Ferdinand von Berg January 14, 1845 to March 10, 1852
Colonel Ferdinand von Schlippenbach March 11, 1852 to July 12, 1854
Lieutenant colonel Karl Georg von Hanneken July 13, 1854 to June 13, 1859
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Wilhelm of Mecklenburg June 14, 1859 to May 11, 1860 (responsible for the tour)
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Wilhelm of Mecklenburg May 12, 1860 to June 24, 1864
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Alfred Bonaventure von Rauch June 25, 1864 to June 17, 1869
major Hermann Albert to Lynar June 18 to October 20, 1869 (in charge of the tour)
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Hermann Albert to Lynar October 21, 1869 to June 23, 1871
Lieutenant colonel Eugen von Ostau August 26, 1871 to December 11, 1872
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Friedrich von Möllendorff December 12, 1872 to September 1, 1873 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Friedrich von Möllendorff 0September 2, 1873 to November 14, 1881
Lieutenant colonel Emmo from Buddenbrock-Hettersdorf November 15, 1881 to February 11, 1884
major Friedrich von Maltzan February 12 to August 5, 1884 (in charge of the tour)
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Friedrich von Maltzan 0August 6, 1884 to April 1, 1889
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Bernhard von Bredow 0April 2, 1889 to May 19, 1893
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Egbert Hoyer from Asseburg May 20, 1893 to January 26, 1897
Lieutenant colonel Paul von Toll January 27, 1897 to February 15, 1901
Lieutenant colonel Paul von Seeler February 16, 1901 to April 21, 1902
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Karl von Schwerin April 22, 1902 to May 21, 1907
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Ernst von Schimmelmann May 22, 1907 to March 13, 1912
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Alexander von Poten March 14, 1912 to February 19, 1917
major Peter Yorck from Wartemburg February 20, 1917 to August 2, 1918
major Hans von One 0August 3, 1918 to February 14, 1919
major Hans von Viereck February 15 to September 30, 1919

uniform

Color scheme of the uniform of the Cuirassier Regiment No. 6 (1890)

Until 1912, a white rollerball and white boot pants were also worn in the field. Officers wore epaulettes to parade , NCOs and men were only equipped with epaulettes here too. There was a Cyrillic N (for Nikolai) on both , with the stylized tsar's crown above it . There were also black cuirassier boots (so-called cannon boots) and the cuirassier helmet made of polished metal with decorations made of brass, as well as a white bandolier with black cartridge . The badge color of the Koller was Russian blue. In addition, a white metal, two-part cuirass was put on for parades. For normal duty the cuirassiers wore a dark blue tunic. As a society uniform, this was equipped with epaulettes and fringes for officers. This included a white peaked cap with a Russian blue trim strip.

Wefts, buttons and frill were gold-colored. The NCOs and men carried a tubular steel lance with a black and white lance flag in their peace uniform.

Already ordered by AKO on February 14, 1907 and introduced gradually from 1909/10, the colorful uniform was replaced for the first time by the field-gray field service uniform (M 1910) on the occasion of the imperial maneuver in 1913. This was completely like the peace uniform. The leather gear and the boots were natural brown, the helmet was covered by a fabric cover called reed-colored. The bandolier and the cartridge were no longer applied to this uniform.

literature

  • Hugo FW Schulz: The Prussian Cavalry Regiments 1913/1914. Weltbild Verlag 1992.
  • Hein: The little book of the German Army. Lipsius & Tischer Verlag. Leipzig 1901.
  • Wilhelm Baron Digeon von Monteton : History of the royal. prussia. Sixth Cuirassier Regiment called Kaiser of Russia. Brandenburg 1842.
  • L. Schneider: Illustrated list of tribe, rank and quarters of the royal Prussian army (for) the sixth Cürassier regiment (Emperor of Russia). Berlin 1854, ( digitized version )
  • Otto von Schwerin: Brandenburg Cuirassier Regiment No. 6: according to the official war diaries . Stalling-Verlag, Oldenburg 1922. (= Volume 62, Former Prussian troops in memorial sheets of German regiments , digitized available: urn : nbn: de: 101: 1-201308254615 )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 3: The staffing of the active regiments, battalions and departments from the foundation or list up to August 26, 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2413-1 , pp. 25-26.