Levans

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Levan

Levans (synonym Laevane ) are a group of polysaccharides that are made up of several β- D - fructose units and are produced by various bacteria , sugar cane and soybeans .

properties

Levan is found in various bacteria as part of the glycocalyx , e.g. B. in Bacillus subtilis , Alcaligenes viscosus , Erwinia herbicola or Zymomonas mobilis . In soybeans, it is part of the mucilage in the beans. The shortest levan is 6-kestose with two fructose units and one glucose unit.

Levan is biosynthesized by levan sucrases from sucrose . Levans are fructans with a β- (2 → 6) bond , some of them are β- (2 → 1) branched, but they also have a terminal glucose unit from sucrose on the first fructose unit .

Levans occur in Natto . Levans are undesirable waste products from the processing of sugar cane juice and soybeans.

application

Levan is used for microencapsulation .

supporting documents

  1. ↑ J. Franken, BA Brandt, SL Tai, FF Bauer: Biosynthesis of levan, a bacterial extracellular polysaccharide, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In: PloS one. Volume 8, number 10, 2013, p. E77499. doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0077499 . PMID 24147008 . PMC 3795680 (free full text).
  2. ^ A b F.C. de Melo, CT Zaia, MA Celligoi: Levan from Bacillus subtilis Natto: its effects in normal and in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. In: Brazilian journal of microbiology: [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]. Volume 43, Number 4, October 2012, pp. 1613-1619. doi : 10.1590 / S1517-838220120004000046 (currently unavailable) . PMID 24031993 . PMC 3769048 (free full text).
  3. ↑ YW Han: Microbial levan. In: Advances in applied microbiology. Volume 35, 1990, pp. 171-194. PMID 2205081 .
  4. ↑ SJ Kim, PK Bae, BH Chung: Self-assembled levan nanoparticles for targeted breast cancer imaging. In: Chemical communications. Volume 51, Number 1, January 2015, pp. 107-110. doi : 10.1039 / c4cc07679f . PMID 25383444 .