List of National Historic Landmarks in Kansas

Monroe Elementary School , subject in the Brown v. Board of Education Against Racial Segregation in American Schools.

The list of National Historic Landmarks in Kansas lists the historical objects and places that are classified as National Historic Landmarks (NHL) in the US state of Kansas and are under the supervision of the National Park Service (NPS), an agency of the US Department of the Interior . These landmarks meet special criteria with regard to their national importance that set them apart from the set of other cultural monuments on the US National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

This list also includes other Kansas properties that are of nationwide historical significance: National Historic Sites , National Historical Parks , National Memorials, and some other entities are areas, landmarks, or memorials in the United States that are not recognized by the Department of the Interior but awarded directly by orders of Congress or the President . Such historical monuments are usually also under the protection of the National Park Service, but they were usually not declared in addition to the NHL if the protection status was granted before the introduction of the Landmarks program in 1960. The objects listed in Kansas as national monuments of this kind are listed by the National Park Service in the appendix to the NHL list for Kansas.

National Historic Landmarks in Kansas

There are 26 such cultural monuments in Kansas, all of which are listed in the following list (as of April 2017). The memorials are located in 21 of the 105 counties in Kansas .

For consistency with the National Park Service list, the entries in the following lists are in the same order and under the same name. The leftmost column of the table indicates with a color code which award category of the National Park System applies to the respective entry.

	Legend of the color code
NHL	National Historic Landmark
NHLD	National Historic Landmark District
NHS	National Historic Site

	Surname	image	Entry date	location	county	description
1	Black Jack Battlefield		October 16, 2012	Baldwin City , 3 miles east of the city 38 ° 45 ′ 42 ″  N , 95 ° 7 ′ 50 ″  W	Douglas County	The three-hour Battle of Black Jack on June 2, 1856 was the first quasi-military confrontation between opponents and advocates of slavery and a sign of the escalation of violence in Kansas (" Bleeding Kansas ") in the run-up to the American Civil War ; marked the beginning of John Brown's war on slavery.
2	Council Grove Historic District		May 23, 1963	Council Grove 38 ° 39 ′ 42 "  N , 96 ° 29 ′ 18.2"  W.	Morris County	In 1825, a treaty between the United States and the Osage people was negotiated here, which was to guarantee safe passage through the territory of the Indians on the Santa Fe Trail . Because there was enough food for the animals, water and wood, the place became the natural last resting place for the caravans on the edge of the Great Plains in the following decades ; In 1847 Seth Millington Hays settled here as the first settler of European descent. The NHL District consists of 6 objects: Trail Ruts , the last recognizable wagon tracks of the Santa Fe Trail; Council Oak , the oak under which the agreement with the Osage was negotiated; Post Office Oak , unofficial "Post Office", messages were left here for future travelers; Hays Tavern , rest house built by Seth Hays in 1857; Seth Hays House , home of Seth Hays, built in 1855; Last Chance Store , built in 1857, is the last remaining building of the original many amenities for travelers along the main street of Council Grove.
3	El Cuartelejo		July 19, 1964	Scott City , 13 miles north of the city 38 ° 41 ′ 1.9 ″  N , 100 ° 55 ′ 26.3 ″  W	Scott County	This NHL district is an ensemble of more than 20 archaeological sites, most of them linked to the Plains Apache culture , dating from 1650 to 1750. The main site is a pueblo ruin believed to be goes back to a settlement of the Taos people ; northeastern example of a pueblo in the USA; also evidence of Spanish research and activities in the Great Plains .
4th	Fort Larned (Fort Larned National Historic Site)		December 19, 1960 (NHL) , August 31, 1964 (National Historic Site)	Larned , 10 km west of the city 38 ° 10 ′ 58.6 ″  N , 99 ° 13 ′ 5.6 ″  W	Pawnee County	From 1860 to 1878 the fort was the main guard station for the northern part of the Santa Fe Trail . Abandoned privately, it became the center of a large ranch . Since the middle of the 20th century, the state of the 1860s has been restored, so that the fort today (as of 2017) is one of the best-preserved military facilities of the 19th century in the USA.
5	Fort Leavenworth		December 19, 1960	Leavenworth 39 ° 21 '18 "  N , 94 ° 55' 16"  W.	Leavenworth County	Military base continuously used by the army , today (as of 2017) US Army Command and General Staff College , highest-ranking school in the US Army training system; Established in 1827 to protect travelers' caravans on the Santa Fe Trail ; important outpost in the colonization of the American West , central role in the Mexican-American War and in the American Civil War .
6th	Fort Scott (Fort Scott National Historic Site)		July 19, 1964 (NHL) , October 19, 1978 (National Historic Site)	Fort Scott 37 ° 50 '31.1 "  N , 94 ° 42' 17.2"  W.	Bourbon County	Originally founded in 1842 as an outpost to strengthen the border between the settlement areas of immigrants of European origin and the Indian peoples; Abandoned in 1853 when the plan for such a permanent boundary could not be maintained; In 1855 the fort's buildings were privately owned and became the Fort Scott settlement ; again army post in the American Civil War 1861–1865; the first infantry regiment of colored Americans was assembled here in 1863; the NHL was expanded into a National Historic Site in 1978.
7th	Haskell Institute		04th July 1961	Lawrence , 155 Indian Avenue 38 ° 56 '23 "  N , 95 ° 13' 58"  W.	Douglas County	Founded in 1884; originally a school, now a university for members of the American Indian tribes. Named for Dudley C. Haskell , House member and Chairman of the House Native American Affairs Committee 1891–93. Twelve buildings on the university campus were considered to be of particular historical importance in 1961 and collectively protected as a National Historic Landmark District.
8th	Hollenberg (Cottonwood) Pony Express Station (also: "Hollenburg")		05th November 1961	Hanover 39 ° 53 '56.3 "  N , 96 ° 50' 36.9"  W.	Washington County	Built in 1857 or 1858 by Gerat H. Hollenberg (also: Hollenburg); westernmost station of the Pony Express , linked to the history of the Oregon Trail and the California Trail and the Butterfield Overland Mail . The building has been preserved in its original location and scope.
9	Lecompton Constitution Hall		May 30, 1974	Lecompton , 319 Elmore Street 39 ° 2'43.5 "  N , 95 ° 23'40.7"  W.	Douglas County	Symbol of memory of the civil war-like clashes in Kansas (" Bleeding Kansas ") after the Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854 was passed in the run-up to the American Civil War. Lecompton was the capital of the Kansas Territory from August 1855 to January 1861 , and Constitution Hall held several highly controversial constituent assemblies in 1857 to establish the new state of Kansas as a slave-owning state.
10	Lower Cimarron Spring (Wagon Bed Springs)		December 19, 1960 (NHL Wagon Bed Springs ) , August 5, 1998 (documentation revised; name changed) 0	Ulysses , a good 19 km south of the city 37 ° 23 ′ 54.1 ″  N , 101 ° 22 ′ 14.6 ″  W	Grant County	Archaeological site, remains of settlers and caravans; the source was the first water point on the Cimarron Cutoff section of the Santa Fe Trail , almost 100 km of waterless area had previously been crossed from the Arkansas River .
11	Marais des Cygnes Massacre Site		May 30, 1974	Trading Post , 8 km northeast of Trading Post 38 ° 16 ′ 53 ″  N , 94 ° 37 ′ 16 ″  W	Linn County	NHL commemorating the site of the Marais des Cygnes Massacre , where a Georgia-born gang of advocates of slavery murdered several people in 1858; one of the last noticeable acts of violence in the civil war-like unrest in Kansas between 1854 and 1861 ( Bleeding Kansas ).
12	Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty Site		04th August 1969	Medicine Lodge , southeast of town 37 ° 15 ′ 57.8 ″  N , 98 ° 33 ′ 17.3 ″  W	Barber County	Place where the Medicine Lodge Treaty was signed, which first attempted not to evict and relocate the Indian tribes but to integrate them into American civilization.
13	Carrie A. Nation House		May 11, 1976	Medicine Lodge , 211 West Fowler Avenue 37 ° 16'32.8 "  N , 98 ° 34'51.9"  W.	Barber County	From 1889 to 1902, home of Carrie A. Nation , a prominent representative of the abstinence movement in the USA.
14th	Nicodemus Historic District (Nicodemus National Historic Site)		0Jan 7, 1976 (NHL) , Nov 12, 1996 (National Historic Site)	Nicodemus 39 ° 23 '40 "  N , 99 ° 37' 1.4"  W.	Graham County	Nicodemus was founded in connection with the American Civil War in 1877 by black Americans who had emigrated from the slave-holding states of the American South in a large migration movement (" Exodusters "). The settlement was protected as a National Historic Landmark District in 1976 due to its unique historical significance as the last remaining re-establishment of the immigrants; At that time, 9 objects and buildings were counted in the protected district. Five of these buildings were highlighted as National Historic Sites in 1996 as symbols of the pioneering spirit of these emigrants: the school, a residential building with various functions, two churches and an administration building.
15th	Norman No. 1 oil well		22nd December 1977	Neodesha , northeast corner between Mill Street and First Street 37 ° 24 ′ 53 ″  N , 95 ° 40 ′ 23 ″  W	Wilson County	Location of the first commercially successful oil well in the US Mid-Continent Oil Field ; a replica of the first derrick is located at 106 South First Street.
16	Parker Carousel (Lander Parker Carousel)		February 27, 1987	Abilene , 412 South Campbell Street 38 ° 54'40.9 "  N , 97 ° 12'30.9"  W.	Dickinson County	The oldest of the three preserved carousels of the Abilener carousel building company Charles W. Parker Carousel Company , built between 1898 and 1901; after restoration (from 1984) in operation at the Dickinson County Heritage Center , the museum of the county in Abilene.
17th	Santa Fe Trail Remains (Santa Fe Trail Ruts)		May 23, 1963	Dodge City , 14 km west of town 37 ° 47 ′ 22.8 "  N , 100 ° 11 ′ 51.5"  W	Ford County	This NHL defines a three-kilometer section of the 1900-kilometer Santa Fe Trail ( National Historic Trail ) as particularly worthy of protection.
18th	Shawnee Mission		May 23, 1968	Fairway , 3403 West 53rd Street 39 ° 1'57.4 "  N , 94 ° 37'29"  W.	Johnson County	The Shawnee Mission existed from 1830 to 1862 to proselytize the Shawnee expelled from Ohio to Kansas after 1825 and to teach the children of the Indian tribes ( Shawnee Mission and Indian Manual Labor School ), in 1839 the site was established in Johnson County; the three surviving buildings ( West Building , built in 1839: school and home of the headmaster; East Building , built in 1841: classrooms, boys 'dormitory and chapel; North Building , built in 1845: girls' school and dormitory) are designated as NHL.
19th	Spring Hill Ranch (Deer Park Place)		February 18, 1997	Strong City , just under 3 miles north of the city 38 ° 25 ′ 58 ″  N , 96 ° 33 ′ 32 ″  W	Chase County	The ranch (founded in 1878) was added to the list of National Historic Landmarks as a typical and well-preserved example of the transition from open grazing to enclosed cattle farming; Part of the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve .
20th	Sumner Elementary School / Monroe Elementary School		0May 4th 1987	Topeka , 330 Western Avenue (Sumner Elementary School) 39 ° 3 ′ 28.6 "  N , 95 ° 40 ′ 57.7"  W , 1515 Monroe Street (Monroe Elementary School) 39 ° 2 ′ 16.3 "  N , 95 ° 40 ′ 35.2 ″  W.	Shawnee County	The two schools in Topeka were the subject of one of the most important civil rights proceedings against “ Separate but equal ” before the US Supreme Court in 1954 : Brown v. Board of Education ; In 1987 the building of the Sumner School, which until this ruling was reserved exclusively for white children, was protected as the NHL.In 1991 the building of the Monroe School, which was reserved exclusively for black children until 1954, was added to this landmark award. When in 1992 a building for the new National Historic Site Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site , Monroe School was chosen as a symbol of the struggle for equal schooling. The Sumner School dropped out because it was still in operation; In 1997 the Sumner School was closed and fell into disrepair in the following years, its historical importance was forgotten. In 2008 the National Trust for Historic Preservation listed the Sumner School building as one of the 11 Most Endangered Historic Places in the United States.
21st	Tobias-Thompson Complex		04th July 1964	Geneseo 38 ° 27 '24 "  N , 98 ° 5' 31"  W.	Rice County	Archaeological site north and south of the Little Arkansas River with remnants of the Wichita population .
22nd	Warkentin Farm (Little River Stock Farm)		December 14, 1990	Halstead , 140 East North Street 38 ° 0 ′ 24.7 "  N , 97 ° 30 ′ 15.4"  W.	Harvey County	House originally built in 1874, new building in 1884; from 1874 to 1887 residence of Bernhard Warkentin , a Mennonite immigrant from Ukraine, who played a central role in the Mennonite immigration movement from Russia at the end of the 19th century and in the successful attempts to establish European wheat species (winter wheat) in the USA; the barn and other outbuildings are part of the landmark district.
23	Western Branch, National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers		June 17, 2011	Leavenworth , near Fort Leavenworth 39 ° 16 ′ 42 "  N , 94 ° 53 ′ 34.8"  W.	Leavenworth County	The western branch of the National Homesteads for War Invalids was founded in Leavenworth in 1885 (first phase 1884–1890), originally to accommodate veterans of the American Civil War . The large campus is adjacent to Leavenworth National Cemetery , a United States national cemetery . The Landmark District includes 82 historic buildings, facilities, and other landmarks that were built between the 1880s and 1940s. Part of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Eisenhower Medical Center .
24	William Allen White House ("Red Rocks")		May 11, 1976	Emporia , 927 Exchange Street 38 ° 24 '34.6 "  N , 96 ° 10' 31.5"  W.	Lyon County	From 1899 to 1944 the home of influential progressive journalist William Allen White .
25th	Whiteford (Price) Site		July 19, 1964	Salina 38 ° 51 ′ 34.8 "  N , 97 ° 31 ′ 27"  W.	Saline County	Archaeological site, building remains, cemetery, remains of human settlement between 1000 and 1300.
26th	Wyandotte National Burying Ground (Eliza Burton Conley Burial) (Huron Cemetery)		December 23, 2016	Kansas City 39 ° 6 '52.7 "  N , 94 ° 37' 33.6"  W.	Wyandotte County	Cemetery of the Wyandot Indian people (Hurons), designated as NHL because the site is tangible evidence of the consequences of the Indian expulsions of the 19th century; also gravesite of Eliza Burton Conley , the first lawyer who legally argued that burial sites of the Indian peoples are subject to state protection.

Historic Monuments in Kansas

In Kansas there are four such areas, which are named by the National Park Service in the appendix to the Landmark List for Kansas (as of 2017), three of which are also National Historic Landmarks and are already included in the list above: the Fort Larned National Historic Site (Entry: Fort Larned ), the Fort Scott National Historic Site (entry: Fort Scott ) and the Nicodemus National Historic Site (entry: Nicodemus Historic District ). Come in addition:

	Surname	image	Entry date	location	county	description
1	Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site (Monroe Elementary School)		October 26, 1992	Topeka , 1515 Monroe Street 39 ° 2 ′ 16.3 "  N , 95 ° 40 ′ 35.2"  W.	Shawnee County	The Monroe Elementary School was designated a National Historic Site in 1992 as a symbol of the struggle of black Americans against the disadvantage of their children , under the name Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site . The name refers to one of the most important civil rights cases against racial segregation (" Separate but equal ") before the Supreme Court of the United States: the decision in the Brown v. Board of Education , which in 1954 desegregated schools.

Web links

Commons : National Historic Landmarks in Kansas  - Collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

• National Park Service, National Historic Landmarks Program: Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State - Kansas (PDF)
• Kansas Historical Society: National Historic Landmarks

Remarks

Unless otherwise noted: all web links of the comments accessed on April 7, 2017.

1. ↑ cf. see: National Historic Landmarks Program: Learn about the National Historic Landmarks Program .
2. ↑ On this and on the history of the National Park System as a whole, cf. in detail Barry Mackintosh: The National Parks. Shaping the system. US Department of the Interior, Washington 2000 (third edition, revised 2004, illustrated HTML edition by the National Park Service).
3. ^ National Park Service, National Historic Landmarks Program: Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State - Kansas, p.2f (Appendix A and B) (PDF).
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} National Park Service, National Historic Landmarks Program: Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State - Kansas (PDF) .
5. ↑ The ordinal numbers link overview articles for the respective award category of the National Park System.
6. ↑ s. the sources in the description of the property.
7. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 04000365 .
8. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 71000322 .
9. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000347 .
10. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000351 .
11. ^ National Park Service, Survey of Historic Sites and Buildings: El Cuartelejo (Scott County Pueblo Site) .
12. ^ Kansas Historical Society: El Cuartelejo, Scott County .
13. ^ National Park Service, NRHP nomination: El Cuartelejo Archeological District National Historic Landmark (PDF) .
14. ^ National Park Service: National Park System Birthdays .
15. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000107 .
16. ^ National Park Service: Fort Larned National Historic Site. Home to the Guardians of the Santa Fe Trail .
17. ^ US Army's Combined Arms Center (CAC): About CAC .
18. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000346 .
19. ^ National Park Service: National Park System Birthdays .
20. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000106 .
21. ^ National Park Service: Fort Scott National Historic Site. Forging a Nation: Fort Scott in the Mid Nineteenth Century .
22. ^ William E. Fischer Jr .: Fort Scott, Kansas ; Part of: Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865 . The Kansas City Public Library.
23. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000342 .
24. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000352 .
25. ^ Kansas Historical Society: Hollenberg Pony Express Station .
26. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 71000312 .
27. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000344 .
28. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 71000317 .
29. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 69000059 .
30. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 71000303 .
31. ^ National Park Service: National Park System Birthdays .
32. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 76000820 .
33. ^ National Park Service: Nicodemus National Historic Site. "Go to Kansas" .
34. ^ National Park Service: Nicodemus, National Historic Site. The Five Historic Buildings .
35. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 74000846 .
36. ^ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 87000813 .
37. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000343 .
38. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000345 .
39. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 71000305 .
40. ^ Kansas Historical Society: National Historic Landmark Nomination for Spring Hill Ranch.
41. ^ National Park Service: Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve. Virtual Tour Ranch House .
42. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 87001283 .
43. ^ National Park Service: National Park System Birthdays .
44. ^ National Park Service: Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site. The Road to Justice .
45. ^ Susan Saulney: In Purchase of School, Hopes of Saving a Neglected Monument , The New York Times , July 19, 2009.
46. ^ National Trust for Historic Preservation: America's Most Endangered Historic Places - Past Listings .
47. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000349 .
48. ^ National Park Service, Survey of Historic Sites and Buildings: Tobias-Thompson Complex .
49. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 74000839 .
50. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 99000456 .
51. ^ National Park Service: Western Branch, Leavenworth, Kansas (Veterans Affairs National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers). US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Eastern Kansas Health Care System: Our History .
52. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 71000318 .
53. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 66000350 .
54. ↑ Donna C. Roper: The Whiteford Family of Salina. Mid-Twentieth-Century Avocational Archeologists . In: Kansas History, A Journal of the Central Plains, Winter 2002/2003, Volume 25, No. 4.
55. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 71000335 .
56. ^ National Park Service: Wyandotte National Burying Ground , NHL Nomination (PDF).
57. ↑ National Park Service: Wyandotte National Burying Ground , NHL Designation (PDF).
58. ^ National Park Service, National Historic Landmarks Program: Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State - Kansas, page 3 (Appendix B) (PDF).
59. ↑ The ordinal numbers link overview articles for the respective award category of the National Park System.
60. ^ National Park Service: National Park System Birthdays .
61. ↑ s. the sources in the description of the property.
62. ↑ s. the sources in the description of the property.
63. ↑ National Register of Historic Places: Digital Asset 01000156 (since this NRHP register entry has not yet been digitized, see for more details the entry on the Monroe School as a National Historic Landmark, Digital Asset 87001283 ).
64. ^ National Park Service: Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site. The Road to Justice .

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