List of landmarks on the English Channel

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This list of landmarks on the English Channel (English Channel La Manche) called striking cities on the respective high banks, ports, lighthouses and other navigation points on the two coasts of the heavily used sea route English Channel , each from west to east. The approximately 550 km long Atlantic Strait between Great Britain in the north and France in the south is limited in the west by a line from the southwestern English headland of Land's End to the lighthouse of the French Île Vierge near Brest , according to the definition of the International Hydrographic Organization . In the east, the border with the North Sea runs along a line that connects the Shakespeare Cliff with the Cap Gris-Nez .

In the case of poor visibility in the region, shipping in the water was traditionally based on the long chain of prominent buildings or beacons to get to the safe harbors. Modern shipping follows radar-based sea routes ( traffic separation areas ) depending on the destination .

Internationally known port cities on the canal are Southampton , Plymouth and Dover in Great Britain and Cherbourg , Le Havre and Calais in France. In addition to London, practically all the major seaports in the Netherlands and Germany can be reached through its passage .


Carte de la Manche (canal map with French names)
Cape of Jobourg in La Hague / Cotentin
new landmarks: lighthouse and nuclear power station at Dungeness

Landmarks and other navigation points on the English Channel

In this list, the places are enumerated along the north and south coast of the English Channel from west to east .

In the case of the older lighthouses , the year of first operation is noted in brackets. In the case of the municipalities, the type of use as a port can be mentioned. This can be particularly helpful in the search if a change in use has occurred (examples: container port, ferry port until 1968). Notable estuaries and landmarks are also mentioned.

Lizard Point seen from the west, below the Royal National Lifeboat Institution station

Along the north coast from west to east

The north coast is part of the United Kingdom throughout. In the northwest, the Celtic Sea connects with Ireland's south coast.

Today Lizard Point in Cornwall is considered the north-west border point of the English Channel / British Channel. The brand is a little south of the 50th parallel.

Neighboring sea areas: Bristol Channel (English Bristol Channel; Welsh Môr Hafren) is a bay on the west coast of Great Britain between England ( Cornwall ) and Wales; Celtic sea

On the Scillys, from Land's End to Lizard Point

From Cadgwith to Plymouth

From Wembury to Exeter

On the south coast of Devon County

From Sidmouth to Portland

From Weymouth to Southampton

Natural harbor at Poole

Wight, from Portsmouth to Eastbourne

In 1497 a first fortification tower, repeatedly fortress / military base (Preston Barracks), expansion as a climatic health resort since the 1790s, 1823–1896 a landing stage made it possible to travel comfortably by steamship directly from London . Many hospitals in World War I , including the Royal Pavilion for Indian soldiers
2016, British Airways i360 , the highest observation tower in the UK at 173 meters, with a movable cockpit
Newhaven Fort - expansion from 1865 (now a museum)
Here are the westernmost Martello Towers on the south coast of England (now a museum).
  • Beachy Head Lighthouse
at the headland of the same name (highest chalk cliff in Great Britain at 162 m above sea level, part of the South Downs ). The tower was built in 1902 for better visibility in fog in front of the sea (43 m high). It is followed by the Seven Sisters called further striking cliffs. The name Beachy comes from the French Beauchef (beautiful cape). 1834 first lighthouse, the so-called Belle Tout Lighthouse, on a cliff 2 km further west.
Eastbourne Pier , a 300 m long pier from 1872, as well as other piers. Fires; some reconstructions are in progress
From 1890 expansion as an exclusive seaside resort, Bexhill-on-Sea. including the location of the first car race in Great Britain (1906)

From Hastings to Margate

Dover harbor area
Visual relationship to the tower on the "opposite" Cap Gris-Nez (Fr.)
at the narrowest point of the canal (33 km from France; from here the expression "Strait of D.")
and Nort Foreland behind the Goodwin Sands range

To the east and north the estuary of the Thames (English. Thames Estuary) z. B. with Rochester or the North Sea ( Doggerbank , Deutsche Bucht -German Bight).

Along the south coast from west to east

With the exception of the waters around the Channel Islands, the south coast of the canal is now part of France.
It includes northern Brittany and the Normandy coast with the Baie de Seine . The already mentioned archipelago of the Channel Islands is upstream. Historically, the name of Normandy is to be noted on both sides of the English Channel.

From Brest to Cherbourg
Harbor and fortress, bay of the same name
One of the typically grown port facilities, here Cherbourg
Capital and main port city of Guernsey (British Channel Islands )
Reefs west of the island
  • Sark
Sark Lighthouse
about 1.5 kilometers west of Alderney (to Guernsey)
Port: Port-Diélette; Semaphore (1867–1988)
Flamanville nuclear power plant (in operation since 1985; central nucléaire; new block: EPR )
CROSS-ma Jobourg (French navy radar station)
Roman castrum, in 1688 S. de Vauban began to build fortifications; 2002 La Cité de la Mer Museum )
Harbor and Phare de Gatteville on Pointe de B. after 1775

From Bayeux to Honfleur

The Bay of the Landing Beaches 1944 , geographical name Baie de Seine after the river mouth. In French the cinq plages du débarquement allié en Normandie , for details on the sections / Secteur américain see under Utah Beach , Omaha Beach and the Secteur anglo-canadien with Gold Beach , Juno Beach and Sword Beach (also French troops; between Ouistreham and Saint- Aubin-sur-Mer).

Today's view of Omaha Beach

From Le Havre to Boulogne
with a German military cemetery for Canadians who died in August 1942 (Cimetière militaire canadien de Dieppe)
Dieppe Castle
Undersea course of the channel tunnel (railway)
Cross brand fire in Calais
well-known landmark on the Côte d'Opale for the Strait of Dover (French: Le pas de Calais, English: Strait of Dover or Dover Strait: narrowest point). The term "gray" arose because the exposed rock is gray, in contrast to the Cap Blanc-Nez in sight to the north, where white chalk rock comes to light.

From Calais to Ostend

  • Calais (Roman Caletum; Pale of Calais until 1558; Tour de Guet - since the 13th century - possibly even 810; new lighthouse 1848 - Le phare de Calais, 55 m high, electrified in 1883, automated in 1992; important ferry port)
  • Marck ( Phare de Walde , 11 m high, 1857; closed)
  • Gravelines (with the Avantport Ouest)
  • Grande-Synthe (Bourbourg)
  • Dunkerque (Dunkirk) (city wall 960, expansion of the fishing port into Grand port maritime de Dunkerque from the 11th century, port museum ; belfry (Beffroi) , tower, 58 m; UNESCO entry)
  • Ostend (Belgium) ( NAVTEX station (Navarea 1, sea warning area North Sea / North Atlantic); ferry port)

Movies

  • Xavier Lefebvre: The most beautiful coasts of France. (French original title: La France par la côte) tv series, documentation, France (arte), 2009, ten parts each 43 min. IMDB ; mostly helicopter aerial photographs.
    • Part 1: From Dunkirk to the Seine estuary.
    • Part 2: From Honfleur to Mont-Saint-Michel.
    • Part 3: From Cancale to Ile d'Ouessant. (Brest)

literature

  • John Hendy: Dover-Calais: The Short-Sea Route . Ferry Publications, Ramsey, Isle of Man 2009, ISBN 978-1-871947-93-9 .

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Limits of Oceans and Seas, IHO, 3rd Edition, 1953
  2. ↑ Compare the informative article coastline of the ... at en: WP (English)
  3. ↑ Geography and Maps … for the English north coast of the Canal, Ordnance Survey
  4. ↑ Met Office - Homepage (compare English Sea Weather Service , English Shipping Forecast)
  5. ^ History of the Solent forts . Royal Naval Museum. Archived from the original on July 12, 2018. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
  6. ↑ This is also the case with a painting by John Constable “Chain Pier, Brighton” from 1826
  7. ↑ Complete list of The Seaside resorts in Ver. kingdom
  8. ↑ 2017 film