List of the members of the Hamburg citizenship murdered under National Socialism

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In front of the Hamburg town hall he laid stumbling blocks for 20 members of the Hamburg citizenship who were victims of National Socialism.

The list of murdered during the Nazi members of the Hamburg Parliament comprises 23 deputies citizenship, during the Weimar Republic mandates in the Hamburg Parliament had and in the era of National Socialism were persecuted and murdered. There are fourteen members of the Communist Party , five members of the Social Democratic Party , two of the German Democratic Party or the German State Party and one of the Economic Party .

Since 1981 a memorial plaque has been installed in the Hamburg town hall at the entrance to the plenary hall of the citizenship, the text reads: "In honor and memory of the members of the citizenship who were victims of totalitarian persecution after 1933."

Bernhard Bästlein
Adolf Biedermann
Franz Jacob
Ernst Thalmann

On June 8, 2012, stumbling blocks for the murdered members of the Hamburg parliament were laid in front of the town hall in Hamburg .

  • Kurt Adams (born December 15, 1889 Hamburg, died October 7, 1944 Buchenwald concentration camp)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1924 to 1933 as a member of the SPD , teacher and from 1929 to 1933 director of the Hamburg adult education center . In 1944, after the failed assassination attempt on July 20, he was arrested during the grate action and sent to the Buchenwald concentration camp , where he died of meningitis .
  • Etkar André (born January 17, 1894 Aachen, died November 4, 1936 Hamburg)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1927 to 1933 as a member of the KPD , port worker and member of the KPD district leadership on Wasserkante. He was arrested March 5, 1933, in a process prior to the 1936 Higher Regional Court sentenced to death and in the courtyard of the detention executed in Holsten glacis.
  • Bernhard Bästlein (born December 3, 1894 Hamburg, died September 18, 1944 Brandenburg prison)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship in 1921 as a member of the KPD, precision mechanic, repeatedly imprisoned and in 1940 co-founder of the Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen group . Arrested again in May 1944, sentenced to death on September 5, 1944, like Franz Jacob, and executed in Brandenburg prison.
  • Adolf Biedermann (born March 30, 1881 Hamburg, died May 11, 1933 Recklinghausen)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1919 to 1927 as a member of the SPD, employee and member of the Reichstag from 1926 to 1933. Found murdered on the train tracks near Recklinghausen .
  • Gustav Brandt (born April 4, 1894 Wolstorf, died spring 1945 Werl)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1931 to 1933 as a member of the KPD, seaman and shipyard worker. 1933 sentenced to eleven years in prison in the Altona Blood Sunday trial. Shot by the SS on a transport from Werl prison to Celle.
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1932 to 1933 as a member of the German State Party (DStP, previously German Democratic Party), businessman. He was deported to the Minsk ghetto on November 8, 1941 and has been missing ever since.
  • Max Eichholz (born December 3, 1881 Hamburg, died January 12, 1943 Auschwitz concentration camp)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1921 to 1933 as a member of the DDP (from 1930: DStP), lawyer. He was arrested several times and finally murdered in Auschwitz .
  • Hugo Eickhoff (born September 26, 1906 Wandsbek, died December 15, 1944 in Focșani / Romania)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1931 to 1933 as a member of the KPD, employee. He was arrested and placed in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp , later assigned to the Dirlewanger special battalion . He fell in Focşani in Romania.
  • Theodor Haubach (born September 15, 1896 Frankfurt am Main, died January 23, 1945 Berlin)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1928 to 1929 as a member of the SPD and from 1923 to 1928 editor of the Hamburger Echo . Arrested in 1944 as a member of the Kreisau District , sentenced to death in January 1945 and hanged.
  • Wilhelm Heidsiek (born January 4, 1888 Preußisch-Oldendorf, died November 7, 1944 Neuengamme concentration camp)
was a member of the Hamburg Parliament in 1933 as a member of the SPD. He died in Neuengamme concentration camp .
  • Ernst Henning (born October 12, 1892 Magdeburg, died March 14, 1931 Hamburg-Kirchwerder)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1928 to 1931 as a member of the KPD, worker. He was shot dead by members of the SA in an omnibus.
  • Hermann Hoefer (born August 21, 1868 Hamburg, died December 13, 1945 Hamburg)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1928 to 1931 as a member of the KPD, teacher and member of the Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen group. Arrested on June 17, 1944 and housed in the Coswig prison until he was liberated on April 23, 1945. He died as a result of imprisonment.
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1920 to 1927 as a member of the KPD, port worker and journalist. Driven to death by the Nazis.
  • Franz Jacob (born August 9, 1906 Hamburg, died September 18, 1944 Brandenburg prison)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1932 to 1933 as a member of the KPD, locksmith, repeatedly imprisoned and in 1940 co-founder of the Bästlein-Jacob-Abshagen group . Arrested again on July 4, 1944, sentenced to death on September 5, 1944, like Bernhard Bästlein, and executed in Brandenburg prison.
  • Fritz Lux (born September 28, 1892 Imten / East Prussia, died November 6, 1933 Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1928 to 1933 as a member of the KPD, port worker. He was arrested on July 25, 1933 by the Special Use Command, taken into protective custody and severely ill-treated. He died of the injuries in Fuhlsbüttel prison .
  • Adolf Panzner (born August 4, 1892 Hamburg, died February 6, 1944 Rickling)
1931 was a member of the Hamburg citizenship as a member of the KPD, successor to the murdered Ernst Henning, a commercial clerk. He was arrested several times and died as a result of severe abuse.
1927/28 was a member of the Hamburg citizenship as a member of the economic party , businessman. Was forced to move from Uhlenhorst to Grindel after the November pogrom in 1939. Deported to Theresienstadt concentration camp in January 1944 and murdered there or in one of the extermination camps.
  • August Schmidt (born July 13, 1884 Königsaue near Quedlinburg, died August 3, 1939 Hamburg)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1928 to 1931 as a member of the KPD, shipyard worker. Arrested on September 17, 1935, sentenced to two years in prison in 1936, died of the consequences of imprisonment.
  • Otto Schumann (born November 5, 1888 Magdeburg, died May 3, 1945 Bay of Lübeck)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1931 to 1933 as a member of the SPD, employee. He was arrested in 1944 after the unsuccessful assassination attempt on July 20 during the grate action and placed in the Neuengamme concentration camp. He died in the Cap Arcona disaster in the Bay of Lübeck.
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1931 to 1932 as a member of the KPD, electrician. He was arrested in the fall of 1933 and sentenced to 18 months in prison in 1935. After his release from prison, he emigrated first to Prague and later to Paris. In 1940 he was admitted to a Paris hospital with severe pneumonia and was to be evacuated in April 1940 before the German invasion. Since then he has been considered lost.
  • Ernst Thälmann (born April 16, 1886 Hamburg, died August 18, 1944 Buchenwald concentration camp)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1919 to 1933 as a member of the KPD, transport worker and from 1925 chairman of the KPD. Arrested on March 3, 1933 and murdered after eleven and a half years in prison.
  • Hans Westermann (born July 17, 1890 Hamburg, died March 16, 1935 Fuhlsbüttel police prison)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1928 to 1930 as a member of the KPD, Schneider. He was arrested on March 6, 1935 and died ten days later after severe abuse in the Fuhlsbüttel police prison.

The memorial plaque at the entrance to the citizenry expressly includes the victims of totalitarian violence. The commemoration applies in particular to:

  • Alfred Levy (born January 6, 1885 in Hamburg, died May 28, 1938 in Butowo , Soviet Union)
was a member of the Hamburg citizenship from 1921 to 1927 as a member of the KPD, typesetter. After being detained several times, he fled to the Soviet Union via Berlin and Prague in 1935. There he got caught up in the Stalin Purge in 1938 , was arrested, sentenced to death and shot in Butowo.

literature

  • Frank Müller: Members of the Citizenship. Victim of totalitarian persecution. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Published by the citizens of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. Hamburg 1995, DNB 944894100 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Guide to places of remembrance of the years 1933 to 1945 (PDF; 1.1 MB), updated second edition 2008, accessed on October 15, 2010
  2. ↑ Stumbling blocks for murdered MdHB final inscriptions City Hall Hamburg (PDF; 16 kB)
  3. ↑ Ursel Hochmuth , Gertrud Meyer : Streiflichter from the Hamburg resistance. 1933-1945 , p. 247
  4. ↑ a b Ursel Hochmuth, Gertrud Meyer: Streiflichter from the Hamburg resistance. 1933-1945 , p. 248
  5. ↑ a b c Ursel Hochmuth, Gertrud Meyer: Streiflichter from the Hamburg resistance. 1933–1945 , pp.
  6. ↑ a b c Ursel Hochmuth, Gertrud Meyer: Streiflichter from the Hamburg resistance. 1933-1945 , p. 250
  7. ↑ William Heidsieck on Cuxpedia
  8. ↑ a b Ursel Hochmuth, Gertrud Meyer: Streiflichter from the Hamburg resistance. 1933-1945 , p. 251
  9. ↑ a b Worker Culture Project Group in Hamburg: Forward - and don't forget. Working-class culture in Hamburg around 1930 . Verlag Fröhlich & Kaufmann, Berlin 1982; Published for the exhibition of the same name at Kampnagel from May 1 to September 30, 1982, ISBN 3-88725-110-5 , p. 319
  10. ↑ Ursel Hochmuth, Gertrud Meyer: Streiflichter from the Hamburg resistance. 1933-1945 , p. 252
  11. ↑ a b c Ursel Hochmuth, Gertrud Meyer: Streiflichter from the Hamburg resistance. 1933-1945 , p. 253
  12. ^ Frank Müller: Members of the citizenship. Victims of Totalitarian Persecution , pp. 64f.
  13. ↑ a b c Ursel Hochmuth, Gertrud Meyer: Streiflichter from the Hamburg resistance. 1933-1945 , p. 254
  14. ↑ Skorzisko, Theodor . In: Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst: German Communists. Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. 2nd, revised and greatly expanded edition. Dietz, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 .