List of products from Google LLC

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Google LLC logo

The Google LLC offers various services. According to the company, these are financed through the sale of advertising space on the World Wide Web on their own and rented space. The services are, on the one hand, a search in various data sources and, on the other hand, solutions for organizing your own data. Often, new individual services are added to the offer, sometimes as a result of corporate acquisitions. However, since 2011 some less successful services have been discontinued.

Many of the web-based products are also available as a mobile version and via an encrypted connection, some are offered via smartphone apps or browser extensions. With most products, the content can be customized using a personal Google account , with other services such as mail or docs, registration is essential. The following overview now lists most of the services in the order in which they were created.

The Search Appliance at the RSA Conference 2008 in San Francisco

Search tools

  • In addition to HTML pages, the web search also searches PDF , PostScript and Microsoft Office files as well as Flash elements on the World Wide Web. The PageRank search algorithm evaluates over 200 factors, for example link popularity or public information from social contacts. Further functions are Suggest with automatic completion of the search query and Instant , whereby search results are delivered immediately as you type each letter. In the web log you can see a history of searches made; The user-defined search can be integrated into your own website as a page search .
  • Images in the formats bitmap , GIF , JPG , PNG , WebP and SVG are found from the context in which they are used. You can also start the search with an image for which the most relevant hits are displayed. There are filters based on size, content and color.
  • With Google Shopping you can find goods in various online shops and compile and share your personal shopping list. Sellers enter the necessary product data into the Merchant Center , which is also used for AdWords or Commerce Search.
  • Scientific texts can be searched with Scholar . The search service enables research in public journals and articles.
  • The video search engine has filter options for length and quality. It originally began in 2005 as a platform on which users could post their own videos.
  • Google Patents makes the seven million patents of the United States Patent and Trademark Office and others such as the European Patent Office searchable.
  • The Blogs search finds and searches blogs . Articles found can be restricted by time period.
  • Goggles is a smartphone app that uses image recognition to recognize objects such as barcodes and QR codes , text, sights, business cards, works of art, books, products and logos and to research relevant information on the Internet.
  • Finance enables you to search for stock market data and other financial articles, as well as graphics and statistics.

Web applications

This section contains services that can mainly be used via a browser. Such applications are known as web applications .

  • With Blogger.com you can run your own blog and personalize it with various formatting options.
  • YouTube is a video portal on which your own videos can be uploaded, videos searched for and viewed,the most popularones can be found on YouTube Trends . Contributions and activities of other users can be subscribed to through their channels. YouTube Studio is an app with which you can edit your channel. There are also YouTube music , YouTube Gaming , YouTube TV and YouTube Kids as sub-products.
  • The Google Developers platform is used to organize and publish software projects and their source code .
  • Bookmarks is a service that enables Internet bookmarks to be stored and managed online.
  • In the Google Calendar application , appointments can be organized in different calendars and released if necessary. A free reminder for appointments via SMS is also offered.
  • Drive enablesword processing, spreadsheets, slide shows and drawings in the browserwith Google Docs . These and any other files can be uploaded, edited, shared, and jointly edited online; Microsoft Office documents canalso be edited locallyvia Google Drive for Windows and Mac and then automatically synchronized with Drive. Since mid-2014, Microsoft Office documents stored in Drive canalso be edited directlyusing the Office compatibility mode . Interfaces are offered for developers so that other applications can also store their data. In addition to the website, access to the free 15 GB storage is also possible via a Mac, Windows or smartphone client. Additional storage space can be booked for a fee.
  • FeedBurner helps manage your own web feeds with call statistics . Advertising and links to various social web offers can be added to the articles.
  • With sites own web pages can be created and published. You have the option of quickly building your own pages using prefabricated elements.
  • The wallet mobile payment system runs on a mobile device with near field communication and can manage credit, customer and gift cards. With the built-in Offers after Groupon -American US partners gives -Art discounts and coupons by some.
  • Android apps, music, films and books are offered on the Play sales platform . The media can be consumed via streaming with any Internet-enabled device, but can also be kept available offline if required.
  • Notes is a service that enables the management of text, voice and picture notes.

communication

  • Access to Usenet offers Groups , with an extensive archive of newsgroup articles; going back to the 1981st You can search for terms and authors in the contributions in the various language discussion forums. You can also set up your own groups to which you can subscribe via a web interface or as a mailing list .
  • The Gmail email service offers plenty of storage space and a search function. E-mails can be organized with keywords ( labels ) and filters, the inbox can be automatically sorted according to importance. The messages can be read in the browser or picked up via POP3 and IMAP with your own e-mail program. There is also an integrated task planner that interacts with the calendar.
  • Account owners can manage their contacts separately. They can then be accessed from Mail and Android, for example.
  • The text, audio and video chat Talk is integrated in Mail, iGoogle, Google+ and Orkut, but can also be used with external clients.
  • In the moderator , questions, suggestions and ideas can be freely discussed among all Internet users. Each user can set up a "series" on a specific topic. Other people can then write comments or vote on the topic.
  • The Voice service, which is only available in the United States, forwards phone calls for a dedicated voice number to other phones. In addition to many control options, Voice offers audio and video calls from PC to PC, calls between PC and normal connections, SMS dispatch and an answering machine with text preview using voice recognition . The service has already been partially introduced in Germany as part of Mail.
  • The short URL service URL Shortener shortens long Internet addresses according to the scheme and provides statistics on the number of calls, the countries in which the link was clicked, the browser and operating system used and the page from which the link was forwarded. At the same time a QR code is generated. As of April 13, 2018, no new short URLs will be issued and the service will be completely discontinued on March 30, 2019. The new service in this regard is called Firebase Dynamic Links for short FDLs .goo.gl/…
  • The social network Google+ organizes contacts in circles so that information can be shared in a differentiated manner. A group chat called Huddle , hangouts for video chats for up to ten people and a games area are built in. The +1 button can be used to inform other Internet users of special content on the web, since the "+1s" then appear in friends' web search results. In addition, every user has a public profile .
  • The Google Classroom , which went into service in 2014, is an internet platform for integrated learning in schools.

Information offers

  • Under News news articles are - grouped by categories and events - together. Upon request, the content can be automatically personalized according to areas of interest.
  • Alerts are notifications by e-mail that inform you about new content on the Internet for certain keywords.
  • Public domain books can be read in the browser and paid books can be purchased from the Play Store.
  • The online atlas Maps includes street maps, satellite views, known locations and a variety of other location-related information. A route planner is integrated, partly also for pedestrians and cyclists. With the map maker , users can edit elements. Similarly, Moon , Sky, and Mars provide satellite imagery and geospatial information of the Moon, the sky, and the planet Mars.
  • iGoogle could be used as a personalized, functional start page in the browser until November 1, 2013 and expanded with numerous gadgets from a gallery.
  • Reader is an online feed reader that you can use to recommend articles and subscribe to recommendations from other readers. The service ended on July 1, 2013.
  • The translator carries out machine translations of texts and websites in 64 languages. In the more well-known languages, you can have sentences read aloud through speech synthesis . The Translator Toolkit also helps to translate entire documents, especially Wikipedia articles.
  • The Finance page shows stock market prices from around the world. Data from sometimes several decades can be displayed in interactive diagrams.
  • Street View in Maps offers photo-realistic street views of many countries.
  • Google Business photos Interior of a company in Street View. The virtual tourcan be viewedin the Google search results, in Google Maps and in Google+ Local .
  • Statistics on the use of the search engine can be called up via the Insights for Search service . Developments for several terms can be compared and the geographical distribution can be shown, with which predictions for elections or flu waves can be made. Google Insights for Search (I4S) was retired on September 27, 2012 and added to Google Trends.
  • Person Finder is a tool for assistance in the event of natural disasters, with which affected or missing persons can register and exchange location information.
  • The Public Data Explorer compiles diagrams from statistics on the population.
  • The Art Project enables a virtual tour of major art museums and the viewing of the paintings in very high resolution .
  • Advisor provides financial advice to US citizens regarding credit cards or investments.
  • The tablet application Catalogs displays product catalogs with videos from various brands from the United States.

additional

  • With the help of the Google Ads platform , companies can advertise their own offers, which are then disseminated in the search results or via the AdSense project. This offer is Google's main financial source of income.
  • With AdSense is a program that can earn at the content provider by adding ads from the AdWords program to own offers of money. The decision as to which advertising appears at the end for which user is optimized by automatic processes based on their interests .
  • Analytics statistics enable webmasters to track the traffic to their website. The Website Optimizer can then be used to optimize the design of the page using A / B tests. The Search Console , however, help with search engine optimization .
  • With DoubleClick online marketing products are offered, the base is that Google called "click tracking " and "behavioral targeting " combined with personality profiles of its users what Google brings since the acquisition in 2007 always sharp criticism from consumers and privacy advocates - to to the allegation of spyware operation.
  • About Apps organizations such as businesses, educational institutions and governments to their employees Google's Web offerings under their own domain to provide.
  • The App Engine is an offer for developing and hosting web applications.
  • The tool Page Speed is used to measure the reaction speed of web pages.
  • reCAPTCHA is a captcha service designed to distinguish human users from bots . This instrument is also used to digitize books.
  • Commerce Search manages the product database and search options for an online shop. Operators can integrate the paid service into their existing website.
  • In the dashboard , users can see which data is linked to their own account.
  • The fonts are a collection of fonts that can be integrated into a website, so that one is not dependent on fonts installed by the visitor.
  • AdMob specializes in delivering advertising via mobile phones .
  • With Takeout you can export your own data from various applications. Behind this is the Data Liberation Front project .
  • With VirusTotal to files and web pages can be browse with a variety of antivirus software online.

Google All Access is a music streaming service that launched in the United States in May 2013. For a fee, the user has unlimited access to the music of the three major music publishers Universal, Sony and Warner.

  • With Google Tag Manager marketer site tags can add and update, including analysis and remarketing.

software

Here software is entered that is bound to certain operating systems or end devices.

  • The toolbar expands the Internet Explorer is a toolbar for translating web pages, spell checking in text boxes, automatic form filling and accessing bookmarks.
  • The 3D globe Earth provides satellite images and extensive geographic information for the earth, the moon, Mars and the sky. Versions for Linux, Mac OS X and Windows are available.
  • Picasa image management functions include direct import from the camera, simple image processing, face recognition, geotagging, print preview, creation of photo collages, films, "face films", posters, slide shows and gift CDs, search with filters, online ordering of prints, synchronization with Picasa web albums as well as image delivery via email. Current versions are available for Mac OS X and Windows.
  • The Chrome browser can be personalized with extensions and themes . If desired, all settings can be synchronized across multiple installations. The sandboxing of Flash and the PDF plug-in ensure security . Versions for Linux, Mac OS X and Windows are available; the source code was published under an open source license. Chrome Frame can be installed in Microsoft's Internet Explorer in order to retrofit various functions there.
  • Wear OS is a system especially for wearables , currently only smartwatches. The focus is on displaying the notifications of the connected device (e.g. a smartphone) and their interaction as well as voice inputs and commands.
  • Stadia is a cloud gaming service in development from Google . Since the game is hosted on Google's servers, only the visual feedback from the game arrives on the player's computer via the Google Chrome browser. It was featured on Google Keynote in 2019.

Android

  • Android is an operating system for smartphones and tablets whose source code was published under an open source license.
  • The Google Play Store serves as a platform for Android apps and various media offers.
  • Android TV , the successor to Google TV , is a set-top box system that integrates Google Cast.
  • Android Auto is intended to serve as a media and navigation service in cars.
  • As a competitor to services such as Apple Pay , Google Pay is a mobile payment service. It should work more as a platform for other developers.
  • With the Google Reply app for Android (beta version available since the end of February 2018) users of WhatsApp and other messengers such as Facebook Messenger can analyze their text messages and have an automatic reply sent in the chat app. Messages sent automatically are provided with a robot emoji, which symbolizes the bot.

hardware

Android

The Nexus series are devices with the Android operating system, which are produced by various hardware partners for Google and serve as a reference implementation. Typically, new Nexus devices are released as part of an update to the Android operating system. Nexus devices usually receive updates to the Android operating system for up to 18 months - shortly after they are released.

So far, the smartphones Nexus One , Nexus S , Galaxy Nexus , Nexus 4 and Nexus 5 from the manufacturers HTC, Samsung and LG, the 7-inch tablets Nexus 7 (2012) and Nexus 7 (2013) from Asus and the one produced by Samsung 10-inch tablet Nexus 10 appeared.

The sales start of the streaming client Nexus Q, announced for 2012, for consuming Google Play content on a television or speaker system, was postponed and later discontinued.

In addition to the Nexus model series, some manufacturers have had “Google Play Edition” versions of their own products since 2013. These are usually characterized by a non-adapted Android operating system, without manufacturer extensions, and updates of the operating system are accordingly available more quickly.

In 2014, as part of the introduction of Android 5.0 (Lollipop), the phablet Nexus 6 and the 9-inch tablet Nexus 9 manufactured by HTC in the 4 to 3 form factor followed. The first devices to receive the Android One series were the the target group is users in developing countries, the update to Lollipop 5.1. As with Nexus devices and “Google Play Editions”, these devices are also quickly supplied with operating system updates and are also sold cheaply.

In this context, Google released the Nexus Player , which, similar to Chromecast and the Nexus Q, which never went on sale, can play streaming content on a monitor or TV with an HDMI connection. Unlike Chromecast, this one has an Android 5.0 operating system with adjustments for use on televisions via remote control. Correspondingly, fully-fledged apps and games are also supported.

With Google Glass , video glasses are being designed that show users various information in their field of vision. The project is currently still in the development phase. In addition, Google is working on an Android version for virtual reality applications.

Chromebook

The Chromebook is a netbook with the Google Chrome OS operating system , which only consists of a browser. Personal files are stored in the cloud and locally installed applications are replaced by web applications, for example from the Chrome Web Store .

A Chromebox is intended for stationary use with an external monitor .

Chromecast

Chromecast is a streaming media adapter that has been produced cheaply by Google since 2013 and is based on Android technology and uses Google Chrome's web technology to display media content. The HDMI stick is Google's answer to Apple TV , but requires a PC or an Android or iOS-based device for control. The associated programming interface is the Google Cast API, which is also used with the Nexus Playerto transfercontent in the home network .

Search Appliance

The Search Appliance is a 19-inch rack for indexing intranets , document management systems or websites. Companies can use it or the reduced edition Mini to search through their databases.

Google Home

Google Home is a smart home speaker developed by Google thathas integrated microphones and provides the user with a personal digital assistant. The device was unveiled at Google I / O on May 18, 2016 and was released in the United States on November 4, 2016.

Titan Security Key

The Titan Security Key is a security token that was launched on October 15, 2018.

Other services

  • Web search, mail, calendar, voice and blogger are available via SMS in some countries outside of Germany: The searcher sends SMS queries to GOOGLE and receives the results immediately via SMS.
  • Postini for companies filters spam and malware from e-mail traffic, archives correspondence and can be integrated into existing structures.
  • The Guice Java framework is open source.
  • The free programming language Go is characterized by its object orientation and support for multi-core processors. Hardware-related system programs can be created with Go.
  • The HTTP-like protocol SPDY wants to place particular emphasis on speed.
  • With Public DNS , a free and uncensored DNS server is available to the public that is supposed to work particularly quickly.
  • The WebM video file format and the WebP image format were both published under free licenses. Thanks to their strong compression , they should be particularly suitable for use on the Internet.
  • The Cloud Print service allows you to link your printer to a Google account and print directly from the Docs application or from smartphones over the Internet without installing drivers .
  • Dart is a scripting language for websites, similar to JavaScript.

Currently in development

  • The network protocol Quic (based on UDP) should enable connections with lower latency as an alternative to http / 2 (based on TCP). By dispensing with the TCP implemented in numerous kernel and network stacks, the protocol should be easier to develop.

Discontinued

The following projects have been discontinued due to lack of success or outdated technology.

  • The Panoramio photo service specializes in geographically localized images. The photos of the users are published in Earth , Maps and Street View after an examination .
  • Inbox by Gmail was a product from Google for mail and task handling. Inbox automatically bundles incoming mails according to certain categories, such as B. "Advertising", "Travel" or "Social Networks". In contrast to Gmail, you could manage emails and reminders in one interface and be reminded of specific emails or tasks once or periodically. After almost all Inbox functions were also available in Gmail, the project was discontinued in early April 2019.
  • In the Picasa web albums , which were also integrated into Google+ photos , photos could be saved, organized in albums, shared, edited and given effects. It was possible to assign people, location information , keywords ( tags ), camera and license information for each image. All Picasa web albums have been automatically moved to Google Photos.
  • The directory contained a collection of links that were arranged hierarchically according to categories. The editorially compiled catalog was based on the data from the Open Directory Project . The directory was offered until July 2011.
  • The Answers service was a platform for people who asked questions and who could offer a fee for answering them. The users were then able to answer these questions and received the award-winning amount of money. In November 2006 the site was shut down.
  • Orkut was a social network that enabled conversation and sharing of photos, videos, and messages between friends, family members, and co-workers. It was discontinued on September 30, 2014.
  • Desktop was software for Linux, Mac OS X and Windows that indexed local documents, e-mails, various media files as well as browser and chat historyand made them quickly searchable. In addition, the desktop offered a sidebar on the work surface in whichcurrent information such as time, weather, news, inbox etc. was displayedwith the help of various widgets . As was to be expected, the application was finally removed from Google's product range in September 2011.
  • In the online database Base , users could upload structured information with text and images in order to make data more easily accessible for the search engine. The Merchant Center should be a replacement for the Base API , which was closed in December 2010 .
  • Up until February 2011, the Pack software package allowed various programs to be installed and updated on one computer.
  • The notebook provided the ability to edit, organize, and share notes online. The project ended on January 14, 2009.
  • In October 2011, the end of Code Search , a search engine for open source code on the Internet, was announced.
  • The labs served as a place for experimental prototypes until July 2011.
  • The Gears browser plug-in enabled websites to save extensive data on the computer and thus ensure their availability offline . In March 2011 the further development was stopped because the new web standard HTML5 is supposed to take over this function.
  • The dictionary showed word translations, definitions, partly also phonetic transcription, synonyms and usage examples from over 20 languages. Set up as a separate page until August 2011, some functions are now integrated into the web search and the translator.
  • With Friend Connect you could integrate voting, a guest book, comment fields etc. into your own website until November 2011. Visitors could subscribe to newsletters and become “members” of a page, creating a community .
  • On the Health platform , users could save health-related information such as allergies, medications, test results, x-rays, etc. and share it with doctors or family members. Health tried to help organize this data by, for example, warning of drug interactions. Finally, the hiring was announced in June 2011.
  • Lively was a virtual online world in which one could talk via avatars in self-designed rooms. The project only existed for five months until December 2008.
  • In the Encyclopedia platform Knol articles could be published on all topics. In contrast to Wikipedia, the service relied on assigning each article to a single author. This gave him extended rights of determination over the processing of an article. Cooperation among the users was also possible. The service ended on May 1, 2012.
  • Wave was a novel, browser-based communication tool that consisted of a mixture of email and chat. All text entries were transmitted in real time and could be seen immediately by all participants in a "wave". In addition, any elements such as maps, votes and drawings could be integrated. The development stop of the project was announced in August 2010.
  • The Sidewiki was a program that added a public comment field to every website. It was accessible through a bookmarklet or browser extension until September 2011.
  • Up to June 2011, private electricity consumption and its costs could be tracked with the PowerMeter .
  • Aardvark , in German aardvark , was a question portal with a social component that was operated until September 2011.
  • Picnik was an online image file editing tool that was announced to close in January 2012. Photos from Facebook, Flickr, MySpace, Photobucket and Picasa web albums could be imported and saved again.
  • With Buzz , status updates could be created with web links, images and videos and the messages of other users could be subscribed to and commented on. The interface could be reached via mail until October 2011.
  • With the Latitude service it was possible to share one's geographic location with others. This way you could locate friends and be notified if acquaintances happened to be nearby. Google Latitude was retired on August 9, 2013.
  • With the Quickoffice app it was possible to edit Microsoft Office documents on mobile devices. The further development of the app was officially discontinued in June 2014, since Microsoft Office documents can now also be displayed and edited using the apps offered by Google for Google Docs, tables and presentations.
  • iGoogle was a personalized homepage released on April 30, 2007. It enabled registered users to use web feeds (RSS) and widgets , so-called Google Gadgets , to customize the Google homepage and to integrate current information (e.g. news, weather, stock prices, recipes, TV programs, local information or aggregators such as those that have also been discontinued Google Reader). In order to force the use of Google+, iGoogle was discontinued on November 1st, 2013.
  • Google Reader was a web-based feed reader that summarized reports from various online media under one surface and thus enabled a personalized news portal . Google Reader was published in October 2005 and discontinued in early July 2013 to force the use of Google+ and Google News.
  • * With Places it was possible to create a business entry for his company in which company information, offers and current information could be disseminated. The entry then appeared in the search results and in other location-based offers. Furthermore, users could write and publish reviews of localities such as hotels or restaurants and recommend locations to each other.

See also

Google LLC projects:

Inner courtyard of the Googleplex
  • In Store are Memorabilia of online brand marketed.
  • The Googleplex is the headquarters of Google LLC in Mountain View .
  • The file system, which is optimized for large files and data throughput, is a distributed file system that is used on the company's own servers.
  • The Summer of Code is a project that supports students in developing free software with scholarships and mentoring programs.
  • On Google.org , the foundation of the same name presents its non-profit engagement in environmental protection and renewable energies. In order to achieve independence from the electricity market, the subsidiary Google Energy has entered the energy industry.
  • The research department in the field of computer science is coordinated under the name Research .
  • The I / O is an annual in May two- or three-day developer conference, will be presented at the new ideas and products.
  • Google invests in technology-oriented start-ups through ventures .
  • The Fiber initiative is expanding access to high-speed Internet via fiber optic networks in the United States. The first city selected with an end-user data rate in excess of 1 gigabit per second is Kansas City, KS .
  • The Project Loon is intended to enable a research project that the supply of rural and remote areas where Internet using gas-filled balloon into the stratosphere and solar-powered relay stations.

Web links

Individual evidence

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  3. ^ How Google Works. (Video) How Search Works [at 1:10]. Google, archived from the original on January 22, 2011 ; accessed on January 21, 2011 .
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  5. ↑ About Google Patent Search. Frequently Asked Questions. Google, accessed May 1, 2011 .
  6. ↑ Google Finance: Stock market quotes, news, currency conversions & more. In: www.google.com. Retrieved November 7, 2016 .
  7. ↑ Editing Microsoft Office documents with Google Drive. In: Jochen Hegele. August 8, 2014, accessed December 10, 2014 .
  8. ^ Spiegel Online: Google offers mail users cheap phone calls from August 3, 2011
  9. ↑ Firebase Dynamic Links (English)
  10. ↑ Google's services come together on Zeit.de from May 16, 2013
  11. ↑ Never type again: Google answers messages on WhatsApp . chip.de. February 25, 2018. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
  12. ↑ Frank Ritter: Nexus Q: Sales start postponed, free for pre-orderers. In: androidnext. August 1, 2012, accessed September 22, 2012 .
  13. ↑ Google develops Android version for virtual reality
  14. ↑ As of 2013, Postini Services * will be switched to the Google Apps platform. ( Memento from April 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  15. ↑ QUIC, a multiplexed stream transport over UDP. Chromium Projects, accessed June 23, 2018 .
  16. ↑ Jochen Hegele: Google Inbox by Gmail - What can the Gmail successor really do? In: google experts. December 10, 2014, accessed December 11, 2014 .
  17. ↑ Michael Humpa: End of the popular Google service: alternative email client is history. In: Chip Online . Retrieved April 5, 2019 .
  18. ↑ What happens to Picasa, Picasa Web Albums, and the Picasa Web Albums API? - Help with Picasa and Picasa Web Albums. Retrieved April 5, 2019 .
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  20. ↑ Andreas Wilkens: Google Answers will be shut down. In: heise online. November 29, 2006, accessed February 7, 2007 .
  21. ↑ Alex Chitu: 10 Reasons Why Google Desktop Will Be Discontinued. In: Google Operating System. September 21, 2010, accessed December 8, 2010 .
  22. ↑ a b c d Hans-Peter Schüler: Google streamlines its range of services. In: heise online. September 4, 2011, accessed September 8, 2011 .
  23. ^ Philippe Altherr, Wenchao Tong: New Shopping APIs and Deprecation of the Base API. In: Google Merchant Blog. Google, December 17, 2010, accessed May 2, 2011 .
  24. ^ Raj Krishnan: Stopping development on Google Notebook. In: Google Notebook Blog. Google, January 14, 2009, accessed December 15, 2010 .
  25. ↑ a b Bradley Horowitz: A fall sweep. In: Google Blog. October 14, 2011, accessed December 3, 2011 .
  26. ↑ Bill Coughran: More wood behind fewer arrows. In: Google Blog. July 20, 2011, accessed July 21, 2011 .
  27. ↑ Aaron Boodman: Stopping the Gears. In: Gears API Blog. Google, March 11, 2011, accessed March 20, 2011 .
  28. ↑ Alex Chitu: No More Standalone Google Dictionary. In: Google Operating System. August 5, 2011, accessed August 6, 2011 .
  29. ↑ Urs Hölzle: More spring cleaning out of season. In: Google Blog. November 22, 2011, accessed December 1, 2011 .
  30. ^ Marshall Kirkpatrick: Google Health: Why It's Ending & What It Means. In: ReadWriteWeb. June 24, 2011, archived from the original on June 25, 2011 ; Retrieved June 25, 2011 (English).
  31. ^ Lively no more. In: Google Blog. November 19, 2008, accessed December 18, 2011 .
  32. ↑ David Wang: Waving in 2011. In: Google Wave Blog. Google, December 6, 2010, accessed December 15, 2010 .
  33. ↑ RIP Google PowerMeter, 2009–2011. In: Greenbang. June 24, 2011, archived from the original on June 28, 2011 ; Retrieved June 25, 2011 (English).
  34. ^ Dave Girouard: Renewing old resolutions for the new year. In: Google Blog. January 20, 2012, accessed February 17, 2012 .
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  36. ↑ Saying Goodbye to iGoogle. In: iGoogle Developer Blog. November 1, 2013, accessed November 1, 2013 .
  37. ^ A second spring of cleaning. In: Official Blog. Google, March 13, 2013, accessed March 19, 2013 .
  38. ↑ Google wants to become an electricity trader. In: Spiegel Online. January 8, 2010, accessed April 26, 2011 .