Map matching

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With map matching , map matching or also English map matching , a method is known, which by a locating compares measured position of an object with the location information of a digital map.

If the geographic coordinate measured with a locating method is mapped directly into the coordinate system of a digital map, the true position of the object on the map can deviate from the mapped position of the object on the map. The reason lies on the one hand in measurement errors in the location process, and on the other in inaccuracies in the map. Since the true position on the map must be known for many applications (example: navigation system ), the map matching process compares the measured position with the map information about the location and geometry of objects on the map so that the most likely position of the Object in the map is determined.

example

In vehicle navigation systems, the position of the vehicle is usually measured with the support of the American satellite positioning system GPS . The correctness of the measured and the actual position is given with GPS as 15 meters. The digital map can also have tolerances in the meter range. The position of the vehicle must now be determined on the digital map for the navigation device so that, for example, a meaningful route calculation can be made from the current location to the destination. Without comparing the measured position with the map information, the vehicle could be outside the digitized streets or on the wrong street on the map. Since the position of the vehicle on the digital map is decisive for the navigation device, the measured position is compared with the map information in such a way that the most likely location of the vehicle is determined on the map for navigation. For this purpose, map matching makes use of the knowledge about the movements of the vehicle. Since, for example, vehicles in road traffic are not allowed to move outside the specified streets, the position cannot be located within a built-up area, but only on a digitized street.

application

The unique identification of a street or a part of a street enables applications such as

  • Extract traffic flow information from vehicle lane data or
  • Assign additional attributes such as beauty, user ratings, etc. to a street
  • Subsequently insert automated turning instructions into a recorded GPX track

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