Mobile heat storage
Heat storage systems play a central role in the heat and energy transition. In addition to stationary systems, mobile heat storage systems are also used.
In the energy transition, the optimization of the "heat" area plays a major role. In 2015 the heat demand in the Federal Republic of Germany was 54% of the total energy demand. This includes not only the provision of heating and service water, but also process heat (commercial as well as industrial). Part of the heat produced passes through the exhaust air or the exhaust gas unused into the atmosphere and is thus lost. Therefore an important point of the energy turnaround is to make this waste heat potential usable.
background
In addition to the direct use of waste heat, e.g. B. to generate electricity, it is important to store this thermal energy in order to achieve a temporal decoupling of the creation and use. In addition, heat accumulators are able to continuously release the heat at a defined temperature level. This offers particularly in the case of discontinuous production processes, e.g. B. Batch operation of kilns, special advantages.
In addition to the internal use of waste heat, more and more mobile heat storage systems are being used. Here, the waste heat from the heat source is fed into a container storage facility or silo storage facility and, after full loading, is brought to the heat sink, i.e. for use. Thus, not only the temporal decoupling of heat generation and use is possible, but also the spatial decoupling.
Mobile heat storage
Today, both low, medium and high temperature storage tanks are available. These are based on different storage technologies. Classic low-temperature storage tanks are PCM (phase change materials) -based and can accommodate temperatures of up to approx. 130 ° C. Medium-temperature storage systems mostly work with sorption materials and go up to 250 ° C. In addition, sensitive storage materials are used in high-temperature storage systems, especially from 400 ° C and above.
Mobile low and medium temperature storage
Mobile PCM and sorption storage can be found as silo storage and have integrated heat exchangers. The amount of energy transported is in the kWh or lower MWh range. The area of application of these systems is the generation of heating and service water or the provision of process heat (less than the stored temperature level).
Mobile high temperature storage
Mobile high-temperature storage systems are i. d. Usually integrated in classic ISO containers (10 feet, 20 feet and 40 feet) and can absorb and deliver heat in the double-digit MWh range. The range of applications for the stored heat in high-temperature storage systems is greater due to the high temperatures: reconversion, process heat, cold, and heating and service water.
transport
All mobile systems can be transported using classic tractor units. Transport by train, ship or helicopter is also possible. In the lower low or medium temperature range, the transport distances are less than 10 km. The transport distances in the mobile high-temperature storage are up to 60 km.
Individual evidence
- ^ [1] Federal government "Energiewende", accessed April 18, 2018
- ↑ [2] Bund Deutscher Heizungsbauer, accessed April 18, 2018
- ↑ [3] Federal Environment Agency, energy consumption by sector, accessed April 18, 2018
- ↑ [4] Eneff, Wärme travels with a semi-trailer to the customer, accessed April 18, 2018
- ^ [5] Mobile heat storage for waste heat recovery, ATZ Development Center, May 26, 2009, accessed April 18, 2018
- ↑ [6] LaTherm heat transport system, March 2013, accessed April 18, 2018
- ↑ [7] Recycling portal, NEBUMA: High temperature heat storage recycles industrial waste heat, accessed April 18, 2018