Rosenhügel Neurological Center

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The Rosenhügel Neurological Hospital

The Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation for the Mentally Ill - Neurological Center of the City of Vienna - Rosenhügel in Riedelgasse 5 in the 13th district , Hietzing , administered by the municipal Vienna Hospital Association , is now part of the hospital called Hietzing with Neurological Center Rosenhügel . The center goes back to a foundation established by Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild at the beginning of the 20th century .

history

Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation for the Mentally Ill

The mental hospital Rosenhügel is based on a foundation by Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild from the year 1900. In an addendum to his will dated February 4th, he designated a capital of 20 million kroner for the establishment of a foundation whose annual interest (about 800,000 kroner) for Construction and operation of institutions for the mentally ill should be expended.

These institutions should be built in or near Vienna and treat destitute nervous sufferers (but not the mentally ill, incurable epileptics and patients with anatomical diseases of the brain and spinal cord). Religion was not allowed to play a role in the admitted patients, doctors and other staff. They just had to be Austrian citizens.

A plot of land on the so-called rose hill was chosen as the building site . However, this was not in the urban area of ​​Vienna, but in the wall adjacent to the city . With the consent of the municipality of Mauer, the area in Vienna was incorporated, which also solved the issue of drinking water supply and the sewer system . The purchase contract was concluded on May 5, 1908, which resulted in the Vienna cadastral community of Rosenberg .

In the penal letter, von Rothschild stipulated that the mental hospitals should not be housed in a large building, but should be built according to the pavilion principle.

Well-known architects were involved in the construction:

On July 15, 1912, the first patients moved into the new sanatorium, which had 92 beds.

First World War

During the First World War , the clinic served as a military hospital . On July 31, 1914, the foundation's board of trustees decided to make the Rosenhügel mental hospital (92 beds) and the Maria-Theresien-Schlössel (66 beds) also owned by the foundation available to the War Ministry of the Danube Monarchy . As club-branch hospitals, they were attached to the Kaiser Jubilee Hospital (later: Lainz Hospital ) and placed under the Red Cross . The first occupation with wounded occurred on September 2, 1914.

On December 10, 1914, the Rosenhügel hospital was designated a special hospital for injuries and diseases of the nervous system. On February 22, 1915, the affiliation of the two sanatoriums of the Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild'schen Foundation for the mentally ill to the Kaiser-Jubiläums-Spital was reversed, they were then continued as independent special hospitals by the Red Cross for nerve-injured and nerve-sick military personnel . Initially, the foundation paid for the food for the slightly injured, convalescent and sick officers and soldiers. Only when the number of beds on the Rosenhügel had been increased to 300 and in the Maria-Theresien-Schlössel to 200, after repeated insistence by the War Ministry, were meals fees charged.

inflation

As inflation consumed the foundation's capital, changes to the original dedication were necessary and the amount of the meal fees had to be adjusted to the cost of ownership. The relevant contracts have been concluded with the health insurance companies. In addition, for economic reasons - contrary to the original statutes of the foundation - patients with organic brain and spinal cord disorders were admitted.

time of the nationalsocialism

After Austria was annexed to the Third Reich , the Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation for the Mentally Ill was dissolved on December 19, 1938 by an order of the Standstill Commissioner for Associations, Organizations and Associations. The assets - the so-called Maria-Theresien-Schlössel and the Rosenhügel mental hospital - were allocated to the municipality of Vienna on condition that both institutions continue to treat mentally ill people and that the employees of the foundation continue to be employed by the municipality of Vienna. More than 67,000 square meters of the area of ​​the Rosenhügel mental hospital, which has been in operation since January 27, 1939, were sold to Wien-Film GmbH.

During the Second World War, the mental hospital served as a hospital with 400 beds with a focus on nervous diseases.

After 1945

The sanatorium was badly damaged by bombing and the ground fighting during the Battle of Vienna . Nevertheless, after the military medical operations were closed on May 15, 1945, civilian operations could be resumed. In 1952, the first Austrian stroke ward was opened here.

The Viennese provincial government decided on July 24, 1956 to restore the Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild'sche Foundation for the mentally ill with the mental hospital Rosenhügel and Maria Theresien Schlössel as a legal entity . The City of Vienna has been entrusted with the administration of the foundation.

In 1957 Heinrich Gross became Primarius of the institution. Gross had been involved in the murder of handicapped children during the Nazi era , but was able to make a career again from 1951 . Heinrich Gross had completed specialist training at the Rosenhügel mental hospital from 1951 to 1955.

Rosenhügel Neurological Hospital, department for children and adolescents with a center for the disabled. Architects: Rupert Falkner and Anton Schweighofer, 1971–1974

Neurological Hospital of the City of Vienna - Rosenhügel

The renaming of the mental hospital Rosenhügel in Neurological Hospital of the City of Vienna - Rosenhügel (NKR) took place in 1966.

On April 1, 1975, the Department for Developmentally Disabled Children (later: Neurological Department for Children and Adolescents with a Disability Center ) was opened under Andreas Rett .

From 1971 to 1974, Pavilion C of the Rosenhügel Neurological Hospital was built according to plans by the architects Rupert Falkner and Anton Schweighofer .

Further openings followed in the following years:

  • Model station for neurological early rehabilitation at the I. Neurological Department (February 1, 1992)
  • Opening of an intermediate station at the 2nd neurological department (December 1992)
  • Preoperative epilepsy diagnostics at the 2nd Neurological Department (1993)
  • Helipad (1994/1995)
  • Stroke Unit -Station at the I. Neurology department (April 1996)

In March 1993 the neurological monitoring station of the I. Neurological Department was recognized as a neurological intensive care unit. On August 1, 1994, this intensive care unit was recognized as a training facility for supplementary special training in the field of intensive care medicine within the framework of the specialty neurology .

Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation for Nervous Disorders - Neurological Center of the City of Vienna

In memory of its founder, the Rosenhügel Neurological Hospital was renamed on October 26, 2002 - Rothschild’s birthday - as Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation for Nervous Disorders - Neurological Center of the City of Vienna (short form NZR).

In the course of the organizational reorganization of the Viennese municipal hospitals, the foundation was connected to the Hietzing Municipal Hospital (formerly Lainz Hospital) in the same district about 1 km away.

A descendant's complaint

Geoffrey R. Hoguet , great-grandson of Albert Rothschild, Nathaniel's younger brother, brought several applications against the City of Vienna to the District Court of Hietzing through his Vienna lawyer Wulf Gordian Hauser. This contains serious allegations. The City of Vienna “proceeded as if the National Socialist expropriation decrees were still in place”. Before 1938, according to the deed of foundation, a twelve-member board of trustees chaired by the Rothschild family was responsible for administration. The management of the foundation was independent of all regional authorities, but representatives of the city of Vienna and the crown land of Austria under the Enns (today's Lower Austria, to which Vienna still belonged at the time) were represented on the foundation council. City hall officials ignored the statutes in 1956 against their better judgment and appointed the City of Vienna's magistrate as administrator: “Through this self-contained business, the City of Vienna appropriated the foundation's assets in violation of the founder's will, although the foundation's formal legal personality is now only legal Shell is. "

The President of the National Council, Wolfgang Sobotka (ÖVP), spoke out in favor of having the matter re-examined in detail and reestablishing the charitable foundation with the original statutes, which would mean a renewed presence of the State of Lower Austria on the Board of Trustees. This dictates “respect for the displaced and the victims of National Socialism”. The City Councilor for Health Peter Hacker (SPÖ) called these statements “outrageous”: “We don't need any tutoring in history. The City of Vienna has always shown how responsibly it deals with Nazi history ”. He assumed that the state of Lower Austria and the Lower Austrian People's Party, to which Sobotka belongs, had their own interests: "Greed looks out of our eyes".

Furnishing

Between 1985 and 1994 the number of beds was reduced from 341 to 200.

  • Departments:
    I. Neurological Department
    II. Neurological Department
    Neuropsychiatric department for children and adolescents with a disability center
  • Institutes:
    Central x-ray
    Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Brain Circulation Research
    Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Epilepsy and Neuromuscular Diseases
  • Ambulances:
    Neurological outpatient department of the I. Neurological Department
    Neurological outpatient department of the 2nd neurological department
    Outpatient department of the neuropsychiatric department for children and adolescents with a center for the disabled

literature

  • Ruth Koblizek, Gernot Schnaberth: "50 Years of the Rosenhügel Stroke Center - 90 Years of the Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation for the Mentally Ill in Vienna" , self-published by the MEMO association, ISBN 3-9501238-1-4
  • Karl Heinz Tragl: Chronicle of the Vienna hospitals . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-205-77595-9 , pp. 556-565 ( Online: Google Books ).
  • Eberhard Gabriel: 100 years of the Baumgartner Höhe health location. Facultas, Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-7089-0061-2 , p. 174
  • Gernot Schnaberth, Ruth Koblizek: 100 Years of the Rosenhügel Neurological Center , self-published by Memo, Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-9501238-5-2

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Nazi doctor loses the cross of honor, the Council of Ministers decided on biceps info online, March 25, 2003
  2. ↑ Ruth Koblizek, Gernot Schnaberth: "50 Years of the Rosenhügel Stroke Center - 90 Years of the Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild Foundation for the Mentally Ill in Vienna" , self-published by Verein MEMO, ISBN 3-9501238-1-4
  3. ^ Wiener KAV-Krankenhaus is renamed Archive report of the town hall correspondence from October 24, 2002
  4. ↑ profile : Rothschild descendant sues City of Vienna , article by Gernot Bauer, January 24, 2020
  5. ^ ORF (Vienna): Rothschild Foundation becomes a political issue , February 1, 2020
  6. ^ Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild'sche Foundation for Nervous Illnesses - Neurological Center of the City of Vienna - Rosenhügel

See also

Web links

Commons : Neurological Center Rosenhügel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 9 ′ 43 ″  N , 16 ° 16 ′ 55 ″  E