Nihon Bijutsu Tenrankai
Nihon Bijutsu Tenrankai ( Japanese 日本 美術展 覧 会 ), or Nitten (日 展) for short, denotes an annual, originally state art exhibition in Japan. The beginnings go back to 1907.
Colorful
In 1907, under the supervision of the Japanese Ministry of Culture, then called Mombushō (文部省), the first state art exhibition took place, the Mombushō Bijtsu Tenrankai (文部省 美術展 覧 会), abbreviated to "colorful" (文 展). She was in the three departments
- "Japanese Style Painting" ( Nihonga ),
- "Western Style Painting" ( Yōga ) and
- "Sculpture work" structured.
Works were approved after being examined by a jury. The series of exhibitions took place twelve times under this name until 1918, with Japanese-style painting being divided into two sub-sections for the 6th and 7th exhibitions.
Parts
From 1919, the series of exhibitions was subordinated to the Imperial Academy of Arts, the forerunner of today's Japanese Academy of Arts , and was given the name “Teikoku Bijutsu Tenrankai” (帝国 美術展 覧 会), or “Teiten” (帝 展) for short. With the exception of 1923 ( Great Kantō Earthquake ) it was carried out annually until 1934, that is fifteen times. From 1927 onwards, the exhibition was expanded to include the “Department of Applied Arts” and the department for Western painting to include the “Subdivisions Creative Woodcut”.
In 1935, according to a new regulation, the exhibitions of the Nihonga, Sculpture and Applied Arts departments were postponed and postponed until the next year.
Shin colorful
From 1936 the Ministry of Culture took over the exhibition again, which was now divided into a regular and a special exhibition. It was - not counting the special exhibition for the 2600th anniversary of the Tenno rule in 1940 - six times as "New Colorful" (新 文 展 Shinbunten) carried out until 1943. Even in the war year 1944 an exhibition could be held despite the general exhibition ban.
Nits
After the end of the Pacific War , the exhibition was reopened in the spring of 1946 by the Ministry of Culture, divided into the four sections Nihonga, Seiyōga, Sculpture and Applied Arts. From autumn of that year it was continued as Nihon Bijutsu Tenrankai (日本 美術展 覧 会), or “Nitten” (日 展) for short. In 1948 the "Calligraphy Department" was added. In 1949, the exhibition from the 5th to the 13th Nitten came under the direction of the Japanese Academy of Arts.
In 1958, the connection to the Academy of Arts was broken, and a separate company under public law, called Nitten, was established. In 1969 there were structural changes, in 2007 100 years of the exhibition were celebrated. and in 2012 the corporation under public law was transformed into a corporation of a new kind, as was generally the case.
Shin Nitten
In 2014 the structure was adjusted again so that from now on one speaks of the "New Nitten" (新 日 展, Shinnitten). In 2017, the 110th anniversary of the first exhibition was commemorated.