Particle list of the 1996 spelling reform
The particle list of the spelling reform of 1996 lists words for which special features apply to the spelling.
For word combinations with a verb - just like for other word combinations - the principle that hyphenation is the rule applies. However, the words in the particle list are exceptions. When one of these words is added to a verb, the infinitive , the infinitive with “zu”, the participle I and the participle II are written together.
Example:
Infinitive: to go by
Infinitive with “to”: to pass by
Participle I: passing by
Participle II: passed by
This is the particle list:
from- | contrary- | up- | after- | ahead- |
on- | to- | out- | over- | past- |
on- | between- | bring- | down- | before- |
out- | on it- | in- | away- | past- |
at- | straight away- | down- | add- | in advance |
together- | inside- | over- | internal | path- |
there- | by- | around- | Come on- | further- |
there- | a- | down- | With- | contrary- |
for this- | accompanying- | outstanding | to- | again- |
on the other hand- | up- | to- | low- | to- |
therefore- | opposite- | to | over- | rightly- |
there- | along- | down- | match- | back- |
Besides- | in two | up | around- | together- |
there- | away- | up- | around- | before- |
d (a) ran- | against- | out- | by- | contrary to |
in it- | across from- | through- | under- | between- |
because (r) down- | her- | into- | in front- | |
therefore- | down- | behind | Ahead- | |
from that- | approach | backwards | in advance |
One writes:
sit together | go along |
talk in between | walk past |
precede | get ahead |
cringe | look down |
jumping up and down | going back and forth etc. |
additions
In February 2004 these words were added to the list:
behind- | on / on | go on / go on | in / in- | over- / over- |
therefore- / drum- | under / under | before- | out- | |
Behind- | afterwards- | on the side- | forward |
Web links
- Official regulations , see § 34 there
- Section 34 at Canoonet