Photodermatosis

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Classification according to ICD-10
L56.0 Phototoxic reaction to drugs
L56.1 Photoallergic reaction to drugs
L56.2 Phototoxic contact dermatitis

Berloque dermatitis

L56.3 Urticaria solaris
L56.4 Polymorphic photodermatosis
L56.8 Other specified acute skin changes from ultraviolet rays
L56.9 Acute skin changes caused by ultraviolet rays, unspecified
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

The photodermatosis or light eruption , sometimes Photo dermatitis , is a skin disease . Photodermatoses are a group of skin changes and skin diseases of various causes that are triggered, entertained and / or aggravated by ultraviolet or visible solar radiation. Depending on the cause, these skin changes can occur within minutes, within hours to days and sometimes even weeks after exposure to light .

UV-B radiation is largely blocked by glass and thin clothing, but not UV-A radiation . Photodermatosis can therefore also occur when exposed to the sun behind glass.

The symptoms of photodermatosis vary depending on the disease.

Sun avoidance and sun protection are preventively effective. Avoiding solariums, wearing tightly woven clothing, sunscreens against UV-B and UV-A radiation with a high sun protection factor (at least LF 30), and UV-impermeable films on the windows are helpful.

The therapy is different and depends on the individual illness.

Forms of photodermatosis

The systematics of photodermatoses used here is a summary of the systematics of the "Pschyrembel", the "Höger" and the ICD-10 classification.

Primary photodermatoses

Acute photodermatosis

Acute photodermatosis, also known as solar dermatitis or sunburn , is a reaction in normally healthy skin to an overdose of light. Sunburn can occur on any skin type, depending on the dose of UV radiation.

The occurrence of a sunburn is favored by an existing photosensitivity .

Acute photodermatosis

Chronic photodermatosis

Chronic photodermatosis is caused by years of excessive sun exposure. It is characterized by a coarsening of the skin relief, cysts , comedones , keratoses .

Idiopathic photodermatosis

Idiopathic photodermatoses are photodermatoses whose cause and development are not known.

Polymorphic photodermatosis

The cause and development of polymorphic photodermatosis , also known as polymorphic light dermatosis, incorrectly known as sun or light allergy, are unknown. It is mainly triggered by UV-A radiation.

Photodermatoses due to phototoxic or photoallergic reaction

Certain substances can cause the skin to be pathologically sensitive to light. When exposed to light, skin that has been photosensitized by these substances can develop a dermatosis as a result of the contact between the photosensitizing substances and light. These skin changes are caused by phototoxic or photoallergic reactions. These dermatoses are therefore referred to as phototoxic dermatosis or photoallergic dermatosis , depending on the cause . Since numerous substances have both phototoxic and photoallergenic properties, the reactions may overlap. It is therefore not always possible to differentiate between phototoxic dermatosis and photoallergic dermatosis.

Secondary photodermatoses

Photodermatoses due to metabolic diseases

These include porphyria and Hartnup's disease . Due to disturbed metabolic processes, wrong degradation products get into the skin and cause an increased sensitivity to light. A lack of nicotinic acid in the diet can also lead to itchy, burning reddening of the skin, occasionally with blistering, on areas exposed to light.

Photodermatoses due to DNA repair defects

Various hereditary diseases can mean that damage to the DNA, which is caused by UV radiation even in healthy skin, cannot be properly repaired. This significantly increases the skin's sensitivity to radiation, even minimal exposure to the sun leads to sunburn, and skin tumors occur in childhood that are otherwise only common from the sixth decade of life. The diseases are very rare. The best known example is Xeroderma pigmentosum .

Photodermatoses as a symptom

This group includes diseases that can have as a symptom a dermatosis provoked or aggravated by light, e.g. B. lupus erythematosus .

Other photodermatoses

These are the other diseases with dermatoses that can be caused or worsened by exposure to light.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heiko Traupe, Henning Hamm: Pediatric Dermatology. 2nd Edition. Springer Medizin Verlag, Heidelberg 2006, ISBN 3-540-25646-6 .
  2. AWMF online, Recommendations for carrying out photo tests if photodermatoses are suspected. (PDF; 305 kB) Retrieved September 22, 2013.
  3. a b Silvia Schauder: When drugs and light are incompatible. Retrieved September 8, 2013 .
  4. a b c Erhard Hölzle: www.derma-net-online.de, photodermatoses and light protection. (PDF; 123 kB) Retrieved September 18, 2013.
  5. Gerd Kindl: www.pharmazeutische-zeitung.de, Before the skin burns. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
  6. a b c d e f g Pschyrembel Clinical Dictionary. 257th edition. Verlag Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1994, ISBN 3-11-012692-3 .
  7. a b c d e Peter H. Höger: Pediatric Dermatology. Schattauer, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-7945-2730-4 .
  8. Martin Kaatz, Johannes Norgauer: www.derma-net-online.de, Lupus erythematodes. (PDF; 514 kB) Retrieved September 18, 2013.