Scoring (baseball)

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Exemplary scorecard

With scoring (sometimes scorekeeping ) refers to the acquisition of all relevant actions of a baseball - or softball -Spiels. The person responsible for scoring during the game is called the Official Scorer .

Sense and purpose

Scoring is not only used to generate statistics , but is a necessary prerequisite for the correct course of play in an organized game operation. The scorer

  • prepares the official match report for the association,
  • notes all the players used so that their eligibility can be checked by the association,
  • counts the "runs" and determines the official final result,
  • notes all player changes,
  • creates a statistical analysis of all offensive, defensive and pitching actions, from which the league statistics are created.

Score sheet

The main tool of a scorer is the score sheet . All entries are made on this form. In the meantime there is also various software for scoring that can replace the paper score sheet.

A fully completed scoresheet contains at least the following information:

  • Match pairing, name of the home and visiting team, venue, league, date, start and end of the game
  • Game result
  • Starting lineups
  • Player change
  • Detailed history of each individual innings . This includes the results of each shot of an offensive player as well as the advance of the runners on the bases.
  • Detailed offensive, defensive and pitching statistics for each player and the teams used
  • Names of the referees and the scorer
  • Number of spectators
  • Special occurrences during the game

Recorded actions

When scoring, the following actions are noted:

  • Base hits the batsman (singles, doubles, triples , home runs )
  • Reaching a base by the batsman through actions other than base hits ( base on balls , hit by pitch , catcher's interference, obstruction, dropped third strike, fielder's choice)
  • Out of a batsman (groundout, flyout, strikeout, out-by-rule)
  • Out of a runner (Groundout, Caught Stealing, Pickoff, Out-by-Rule)
  • Advance of a runner (advancement by following batsman, stole base, wild pitch , passed ball, balk, fielder's choice)
  • Failed field game actions (Decisive Errors, Extra-Base Errors)
  • Runs Batted In
  • Special moves ( double plays , triple plays, appeal plays, missed strokes)

The basis for recording and evaluating situations are the official scoring rules, which are defined in Chapter 10 of the baseball rule book and in Chapter 12 of the softball rule book. The official rules stipulate, among other things,

  • when an action is to be regarded as a "hit" or "error",
  • how "Runs Batted In" (RBI) are awarded,
  • which actions are to be assessed as "sacrifices",
  • when a runner is awarded a "Stolen Base",
  • when to decide on "Passed Ball" or "Wild Pitch",
  • how the earned runs for pitchers are calculated and
  • such as "wins", "losses", "saves" and "shutouts" are awarded for pitchers .

The abbreviations or symbols used to record the actions are not stipulated by the rule book and depend on the scoring system used. There are hundreds of different scoring systems with varying degrees of complexity. In Germany, the scoring system of the German Baseball and Softball Association (DBV) is mandatory for all leagues . The IBAF system is used in international baseball tournaments (e.g. European Cup, European Championship, World Cup, Olympic Games). The host's scoring system is used for international softball tournaments; the European association ESF and the world association ISF do not specify any requirements.

In all scoring systems, however, the same numbers are used to designate the field positions in order to record the players involved in a play: 1 = pitcher , 2 = catcher, 3 = first baseman, 4 = second baseman, 5 = third baseman , 6 = shortstop, 7 = leftfielder, 8 = centerfielder, 9 = rightfielder

Scoring system of the German Baseball and Softball Association

The following scoring abbreviations are used in the DBV's scoring system:

Reaching a base

  • 1 base hit (single): 1B
  • 2 base hit (double): 2B
  • 3-base hit (triple): 3B
  • Home run : HR
  • Base on Balls : BB
  • Intentional Base on Balls: IBB
  • Hit by Pitch : HP
  • Catcher's Interference: CI e2
  • Fielders Choice: FC. FC can also be combined with other abbreviations, e.g. B. SH FC, SF FC or K FC.
  • Reaching the base according to the dropped third strike rule: K ... (options: K WP, K PB, K e2, K 2-e3)
  • Reaching the base due to an error: E + position number of the player who committed the "error". If there was an "Assist", the "Error" is noted as follows: ..- E ..

From a batsman or runner

  • Flyout of a batsman: F + position number of the field player e.g. B. F8 for a flyout in the center field
  • Unassisted out of a batsman or runner: U + position number of the field player e.g. B. U3 for a groundout by the first baseman
  • Assisted out of a batsman or runner: position number of the 1st field player + "-" + position number of the 2nd field player e.g. B. 5-3 for a throw from third baseman to first baseman with subsequent out of batsman
  • Strikeout of a striker: K. A dropped third strike can also result in K WP, K PB, K FC or K + play.
  • Sacrifice Bunt of a batsman: SH + position numbers of the field players involved, e.g. B. SH 1-3 for a colored ball that is picked up by the pitcher and thrown to first base
  • Sacrifice Fly of a batsman: SF + position number of the field player involved, e.g. B. SF8 for a sacrifice fly into the center field
  • Pick-off of a runner by the pitcher or catcher: PK + position numbers of the field players involved, e.g. B. PK 1-3 for a pickoff from pitcher to first baseman
  • Caught stealing of a runner: CS + position number of the field players involved, e.g. B. CS 2-6 for a caught stealing from catcher to shortstop
  • From a batsman or runner due to special rules: OBR + position numbers of the field players involved, e.g. B. OBR F6 for a dropped infield fly or OBR U4 for a runner hit by a struck ball
  • From a runner or batsman through an appeal play by the defensive team: AP + action of appeal.

Advancement of runners

  • By a subsequent batsman: X + batting order position of the batsman, e.g. B. X6, if the runner advances in the stroke order by an action of the sixth batsman
  • Stolen Base: SB + batting order position of the batsman, e.g. B. SB6 if the runner steals the base during the stroke of the sixth batsman in the stroke order
  • Wild Pitch: WP + batting order position of the batsman, e.g. B. WP5
  • Passed ball: PB + batting order position of the striker, e.g. B. PB3
  • Balk: BK + batting order position of the striker, e.g. B. BK4
  • Reaching a base through Fielder's Choice: FC

Errors

  • Failed field game actions that prevent an end (Decisive Errors): E + position number of the field player e.g. B. E6 for an error in the short stop
  • Failed field game actions that give a runner an additional base (extra base errors): e + position number of the field player, e.g. B. e2 for an error of the catcher

Others

  • Run batted in: An RBI is marked with a dot in the box of the run batted in
  • Lost turn: If a player misses his turn but the defensive team does not appeal, an LT is recorded for the player who missed his turn.
  • Double Play or Triple Play: DP or TP + position numbers of the field players involved, e.g. B. DP 6-4 and DP 4-3 for a classic double play

See also

literature

  • Sven Müncheberg, Gerhard Gilk: Scoring - The official textbook of the DBV eV - 5th edition , German Baseball and Softball Association eV, Mainz 2009
  • Christian Posny, Sven Müncheberg: Baseball Rules Booklet - Revised 2007 . German Baseball and Softball Association eV (Ed.). 6. revised Edition. Meyer & Meyer Verlag, Aachen 2008, ISBN 978-3-89899-365-4 .

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