260
Portal history | Portal Biographies | Current events | Annual calendar
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2nd century |
3rd century
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230s |
240s |
250 |
260er
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256 |
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258 |
259 |
260
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Calendar overview 260
Map with all linked sites: | 260 | |
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| 260 in other calendars | |
| Ethiopian calendar | 252/253 |
| Buddhist calendar | 803/804 (southern Buddhism); 802/803 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 49th (50th) cycle , year of the metal dragon庚辰 ( at the beginning of the year Earth-Rabbit 己卯) |
| Greek calendar | 3rd / 4th Year of the 259th Olympiad |
| Jewish calendar | 4020/21 (23/24 September) |
| Roman calendar | from urbe condita MXIII (1013) |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 570/571 (New Year April); Syria: 571/572 (New Year October) |
| Spanish era | 298 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 316/317 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Roman Empire
The East of the Empire / War against the Sassanid Empire
- Early summer: Roman-Persian wars : Valerian's army of the Orient, which is fighting against the Sassanid Empire , is weakened as many soldiers fell victim to the plague . When Valerian meets the Sassanid army under Shapur I at the Battle of Edessa , he suffers a crushing defeat and is captured with several of his officers and deported to the Persian city of Gundischapur . His son and co-emperor and designated successor Gallienus is at this point in time in the province of Raetia in a border war with the Teutons. The new governor of the conquered Syria province , Septimius Odaenathus , pursues the Persians, but can no longer free the emperor. After the disgraceful end of Valerian's reign, several uprisings break out and the Roman Empire threatens to collapse .
- September: The leaderless Orient Army in the east of the empire appoints a new leader. Macrianus Maior , proposed by the Praetorian prefect Ballista , has to resign because of his poor health. Instead, his sons Macrianus Minor and Quietus are made anti-emperors. They are recognized as rulers by the eastern provinces and Egypt .
Fight against the Teutons
- April 24th / 25th : The governor of the Roman province of Raetia , Simplicinius Genialis, wins a significant victory against the Germanic Semnones or Juthungen at Augusta Vindelicorum .
- Ingenuus , the governor of Pannonia (Province) Pannonia , appoints himself anti -emperor in Carnuntum . He is captured by Gallienus with his new elite cavalry near Mursa and is killed.
- Emperor Gallienus leaves Pannonia to face the Alemanni under King Chrocus , who have been pushing across the Limes for years. At Mediolanum , deep in Italy , there is a fight in which the Alemanni are repulsed.
- In the still highly uncertain Pannonia , Regalianus proclaims himself the anti -emperor. His area of rule is limited, but he succeeds in defending the province against the growing danger of the Sarmatians . After his victory against the Sarmatians, however, he fell in the battle against Emperor Gallienus .
The establishment of the Imperium Galliarum
Antoninian of Postumus
In Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium , today Cologne , are Emperor Gallienus ' son Saloninus and Praetorian Prefect Silvanus as governor of the emperor in the northwest. Roman troops under the command of Postumus return after stealing their booty from a group of Teutons. Postumus has already divided the booty among his soldiers when Saloninus and Silvanus demand that the booty be handed over to them. The troops rebel and appoint Postumus as emperor . Postumus becomes the first emperor of the Imperium Galliarum . Colonia is besieged by Postumus, Salonius and Silvanus are handed over to him and killed.
Empire of China
- Time of the Three Kingdoms : Wei regent Sima Zhao forces the young Emperor Cao Mao for the second time to offer him the Nine Badges of Honor , which he again, apparently modestly, refuses.
- Emperor Sun Xiu of the Wu dynasty orders the construction of a huge artificial lake, Puli Lake, as a defense against Wei China. The construction has to be canceled later.
- The nineteen-year-old Emperor Cao Mao invades Sima Zhao's country estate with his servants and the palace guard in order to overthrow the overpowering court administrator. The local warlord Jia Chong gives the order to defend Sima Zhao at all costs. Officer Cheng Ji kills the emperor with a spear. The Chinese people, enraged by the assassination of Emperor Cao Mao, are demanding the execution of the warlord Jia Chong. Sima Zhao, on the other hand, has Cao Mao posthumously demoted to prince. Wang Jing, loyal to the emperor, is murdered with his family. Sima Zhao appoints fourteen-year-old Cao Huang as the new emperor.
- Nineteen days after Cao Mao's attempted coup, Sima Zhao accuses General Cheng Ji, who killed the emperor with his spear, and his brothers of treason and has them and their families executed. The warlord Jia Chong , however, is spared.
"Even a day laborer knows Sima Zhao's heart."
- Cao Mao : Chinese proverb about an open secret.
economy
- In the entire Roman Empire, the economy threatens to collapse due to the desolate political situation. The numerous usurpers cause strong inflation through their coinage . In addition, Italy is cut off from vital grain deliveries due to the separation of Egypt .
Religion and culture
- July 22nd : Dionysius is elected Bishop of Rome and is confronted with the task of reorganizing the Church after the persecution of Christians .
Augsburg victory altar, today in the Alamannenmuseum Ellwangen (Jagst)
- September 11 : The governor of the province Raetia , Simplicinius genialis, built in the capital Raetian Augusta Vindelicorum , now known as Augsburg , a victory altar in memory of his victory over the Juthungen in April.
- Emperor Gallienus ends the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire , which was decreed under his father . With the edict of tolerance they are equated with Judaism insofar as they are now also allowed to refuse the imperial cult . The homage to the former Roman emperors as gods is the only religious act required for all Romans. Jews and Christians vehemently oppose this. The Edict of Tolerance lasts for 34 years.
- The Roman Senate decides that Salonius, the son of Gallienus, will be accepted into the heaven of gods as Divus Quondam Gallienus.
Born
Died
- Cao Mao , Emperor of the Wei Dynasty in China (* 241 )
- Ingenuus , usurper and counter-emperor in the Roman Empire
- Mazabanes , Bishop of Jerusalem
- Saloninus , co-emperor in the Roman Empire (* around 242 )
- Sun Liang , Emperor of China (* 243 )
- around 260: Regalianus , usurper and counter-emperor in the Roman Empire
Web links
Commons : 260 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
