Abbadids
The Abbadids were an Arab - Islamic dynasty in Seville ( 1023 - 1091 ).
With the decline of the Caliphate of Cordoba after 1009 and the emergence of the Taifa kingdoms , Seville became independent in 1023 under Abbad I , born Abu al-Qasim Muhammad ibn Abbad. The dynasty traced its ancestry back to the Lachmids of Hira . Abbad I died in 1042. Under his successors, his son Abbad II al-Mu'tadid (1042-1069) and his grandson Mohammad al-Mutamid (1069-1091), Seville rose in the fight against the Berber empires in Al-Andalus , to the most powerful Taifa empire. Although the Abbadids suffered a heavy defeat against the Zirids of Granada in 1039, but were u. Subjugated A. Huelva in 1052, the Hammudids of Algeciras in 1058 and the Jahwarids of Cordoba in 1069.
However, the Abbadids had to recognize the sovereignty of Castile as early as 1063 and pay tributes . When Castile conquered Toledo in 1085 , Mohammad al-Mutamid called the Almoravids from Morocco for help. They defeated the Castilians at Zallaqa in 1086 and initially stopped the Christian advances into Andalusia. Due to a lack of support in the fight against the Christians, the Almoravids deposed the Abbadids in 1091 and annexed Seville and the other Taifa kingdoms. Al-Mutamid was exiled to Morocco, where he died in Agmat in 1095.
Already an important economic center during the Umayyad rule due to the surrounding agricultural area and trade with North Africa, Seville now also rose to become the most important cultural center in Andalusia. Like many Taifa rulers, the Abbadid rulers promoted culture and science, with Al-Mutamid also being a major poet of the period. Well-known poets like Ibn Ammar and Ahmad Ibn Abdallah Ibn Zaidun also lived at the Abbadid court.
literature
- Ulrich Haarmann : History of the Arab World. Edited by Heinz Halm . 4th revised and expanded edition. CH Beck, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-406-47486-1 ( Beck's historical library ).
- Günter Barthel, Kristina Stock (ed.): Lexicon Arab World. Culture, way of life, economy, politics and nature in the Middle East and North Africa . Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden 1994, ISBN 3-88226-783-6 .
Web links
Wikisource: Abadites - Article of the 4th edition of Meyers Konversations-Lexikon