Formosa fir
| Formosa fir | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Formosa fir ( Abies kawakamii ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Abies kawakamii | ||||||||||||
| ( Hayata ) T.Itô |
The Formosa fir ( Abies kawakamii ) is a species of the species of firs ( Abies ) in the pine family (Pinaceae). It is widespread in Taiwan , which was formerly known as Formosa.
description
The Formosa fir grows as an evergreen shrub or pyramidal tree that can grow to heights of 15 to 35 meters and diameters from 0.5 to 1 meter at chest height . It forms a straight, upright trunk. The initially smooth, resinous, gray-white bark later becomes scaly and gray-brown. The deeply grooved branches initially have a dense, brownish, fluffy, hairy, yellowish-brown bark , which turns brown to brown-gray in the second or third year. The spherical or egg-shaped winter buds are very resinous, brown to reddish with blunt, about 1 millimeter long bud scales.
The needles, which are directed forward, bent outward and upward, are arranged radially or in two rows in a comb shape on the branches. The straight, strongly grooved needles are 1 to 2.8 inches long and 1.5 to 2 millimeters wide. The top of the needle is colored light green. On the underside of the needle there are two white stomatal bands and there are two resin channels on the edges.
Firs are single sexed ( monoecia ), there are female and male cones on one specimen. The male cones are cylindrical with a length of 1.5 cm. The almost sessile, dark purple cones have a length of 6 to 7.5 cm and a diameter of 3.7 to 4 cm ovoid to broadly cylindrical and are purple-violet in color when ripe. The lobed seed scale covers the covering scale, which is about half the size. The winged, blackish seeds are 7 to 9 millimeters long. The seed wing is about the same length as the seed.
Occurrence
The natural range of the Formosa fir includes the mountains of Taiwan . You can find them there at altitudes of 2400 to 3800 meters (between 2900 and 3950 meters). The Shei-Pa, Taroko, and Yushan National Parks are good locations to see this species.
Systematics
The first description of the Formosa fir took place in 1908 under the name Abies mariesii var. Kawakamii by Hayata Bunzo in the Journal of the College of Science , Imperial University of Tokyo, Volume 25 (19), pp 223-224, f. 14. Tokutarō Itō gave her in 1909 in Encyclopedia Japonica , Volume 2, p. 167 the rank of a species: Abies kawakamii . Abies kawakamii belongs to the Laterales subsection in the Balsamea section within the genus of Abies .
Hazard and protection
The Formosa fir is listed on the IUCN Red List as "low risk". It is pointed out, however, that a new check of the risk is necessary. The frequent forest fires are mentioned as the main risk factor.
swell
- Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias & Robert R. Mill: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Pinaceae. In: Wu Zheng-Yi & Peter H. Raven (Eds.): Flora of China . tape 4 . Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Abies kawakamii , p. 11 (English, " Abies kawakamii - Online " [accessed January 25, 2011]).
- Christopher J. Earle: Abies kawakamii. In: The Gymnosperm Database. December 19, 2010, accessed January 26, 2011 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Christopher J. Earle: Abies kawakamii. In: The Gymnosperm Database. December 19, 2010, accessed January 26, 2011 .
- ↑ a b c d Abies kawakamii. In: Flora of China. www.efloras.org, accessed on January 25, 2011 (English).
- ↑ Abies kawakamii at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Abies kawakamii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2010. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Retrieved on January 25, 2011th
