Adolf Bacmeister (doctor)

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Adolf Henning Theodor Lucas Wilhelm Bacmeister (born July 15, 1882 in Geestemünde ; † December 7, 1945 in St. Blasien ) was a German pulmonologist, chief physician of the St. Blasien lung clinic and fleet doctor in reserve.

Live and act

Bacmeister was the son of the district court president zu Neuwied and secret senior justice councilor Georg Arnold Bacmeister and Frieda Wermuth (1853-1940) as well as the grandson of the culture and finance minister in the Kingdom of Hanover Georg Heinrich Bacmeister and brother of the district administrator Georg Albert Bacmeister . After graduating from the Max-Planck-Gymnasium in Göttingen , he studied medicine in Munich and at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , where he belonged to the Corps Bremensia Göttingen . In March 1905 he was in Göttingen with the dissertation The methods of hemoglobin measurement for clinical use for Dr. med. doctorate and received his license to practice medicine in September of the same year .

In the following years, Bacmeister spent the time as an assistant doctor necessary for his further career and specialization at the pathological institute of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg with privy councilor Ludwig Aschoff , at the surgical department of the University Hospital Bonn and at the Swiss Institute for Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF ) in Davos with Karl Turban. Here, in particular, he acquired the basic knowledge of the detection and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis . Finally, from 1909, he worked as an assistant to Oskar de la Camp at the Freiburg University Medical Center , where he completed his habilitation a year later and was taken on as a private lecturer in internal medicine . In 1916 he was appointed associate professor and from 1937 full honorary professor at the University of Freiburg.

In the meantime, in 1914, Bacmeister took over the management of the St. Blasien sanatorium, which opened in 1882, with its focus on the clinical picture of tuberculosis. In the next few years, Bacmeister concentrated on research as well as on the clinical and organizational control of tuberculosis. Numerous scientific publications that emerged during this period made him one of the most important tuberculosis doctors of that time. As a collaborator, Bacmeister was involved in the lexicon of the entire therapy . It is largely thanks to Bacmeister that the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in the stimulating climate of the middle altitudes was recognized by science, where one could achieve just as good or even better healing results as in higher climates.

The German Wehrmacht also became aware of him and hired Bacmeister as an advisory medical officer for tuberculosis and chief physician of the naval hospital, which was subordinate to the chief medical officer of the Navy . The National Socialists set up this hospital in 1939 in the St. Blasien college, which they had closed , and maintained it until 1945. They appointed Bacmeister to the reserve fleet doctor and awarded him the Knight's Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords for his services on May 16, 1944 .

He coordinated with him subordinate tuberculosis doctors at a conference in 1943 the infamous sulfonamide experiments in the Ravensbrück concentration camp . Adolf Bacmeister died on December 7, 1945 in St. Blasien.

Adolf Bacmeister was married to Gertrud Götte (1887–1947), who gave birth to his son Hans-Georg Friedrich in 1912. After studying medicine and completing his doctorate, he died in 1943 during the Second World War and was buried in the cemetery of honor in St. Blasien.

Works (selection)

  • The methods of hemoglobin determination for clinical use , 1905, OCLC 54832965 (doctoral dissertation Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen 1905, 27 pages).
  • The development of the human pulmonary phthisis , Springer, Berlin, 1914.
  • Textbook of lung diseases , G. Thieme, Leipzig, 1916.
  • General practitioner treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis , G. Fischer, Jena, 1918.
  • Therapeutic paperback of lung diseases , Fischer's medical bookshop, Berlin, 1920.
  • The X-ray treatment of pulmonary and larynx tuberculosis , G. Thieme, Leipzig, 1924.
  • Nutrition and diet in tuberculosis , Steinkopff, Leipzig, Dresden, 1932.
  • The climatic treatment of tuberculosis and its evaluation today , J. Springer, Berlin, 1937.
  • The diagnostic examination to determine active pulmonary tuberculosis in general practice , G. Thieme, Leipzig, 1938.

Literature and Sources

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kösener corps lists 1910, 63 , 1037.
  2. ↑ Walter Marle (Ed.): Lexicon of the entire therapy with diagnostic information. 2 volumes, 4th revised edition. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1935 ( list of employees ).
  3. ↑ Ernst Klee: Auschwitz, the Nazi medicine and its victims, S. Fischer, 1997, p. 203.
personal data
SURNAME Bacmeister, Adolf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bacmeister, Adolf Henning Theodor Lucas Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lung specialist, fleet doctor in reserve and chief physician at the St. Blasien lung clinic
DATE OF BIRTH July 15, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Geestemünde
DATE OF DEATH December 7, 1945
Place of death St. Blasien