Adolf Friedrich I (Mecklenburg)

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Adolf Friedrich I., Duke of Mecklenburg
Franz Julius Dötebers statue of Adolf Friedrich I in Doberan Minster

Adolf Friedrich I., Duke of Mecklenburg [-Schwerin] (* December 15, 1588 in Schwerin ; † February 27, 1658 ibid) was from 1592 to 1610 (until 1608 under guardianship) and from 1621 sole ruling Duke of Mecklenburg in the state of Mecklenburg- Schwerin and, together with his brother Johann Albrecht II, ruled the entire duchy from 1610 to 1621.

Life

Adolf Friedrich was the son of Duke Johann VII and Sophia von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf .

With the death of his father on March 22, 1592, he took over the government in the Schwerin region under the tutelage of Duke Ulrich zu Mecklenburg [-Güstrow] and Duke Karl I. zu Mecklenburg . Accompanied by his court master and close confidante Samuel von Behr , he undertook an educational trip through Switzerland and France from 1606–1607 , about which a personal travel diary gives evidence. Adolf Friedrich was declared of legal age by the Emperor on April 16, 1608 and ruled jointly with his brother Johann Albrecht II in the Schwerin region , and since the death of Karl on July 22, 1610 also in the Güstrow region. When the country was divided in 1621 , the Schwerin part of the country was awarded to him.

Both joined the defensive alliance of the Lower Saxony district estates in 1623, tried to be neutral during the war, but secretly supported the Danish troops of King Christian IV , and were therefore treated as enemies by the imperial under Tilly after the victory at Lutter .

On January 19, 1628, Emperor Ferdinand II issued a document at the Brandeis Castle in Bohemia, through which he deprived the dukes of their country and initially pledged Wallenstein , and on June 16, 1629 hereditary with the same. In May 1628, pushed by the latter, they left the country to which they returned with the help of the Swedish troops after his fall in May 1631. They had to temporarily cede to the Swedes Wismar with the island of Poel and the office of Neukloster and Warnemünde , which parts of the country, apart from Warnemünde, received the same definitely through the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, whereas Duke Adolf Friedrich came into the possession of the dioceses of Schwerin and Ratzeburg , as now secular Principalities, and the Hospitaller Commandery Mirow came.

Others

During his reign, Mecklenburg suffered heavily from the horrors of the Thirty Years' War . Both the Swedes and imperial troops devastated the country. The population shrank from around 300,000 to around 50,000.

Adolf Friedrich was a member of the Fruit-Bringing Society with the company name "der Herrliche".

From 1631 Adrian von Mynsicht , the discoverer of the tartar , was in the service of Duke Adolf Friedrich as personal medicus .

progeny

Adolf Friedrich I had 19 children from his two marriages, 12 of whom reached adulthood.

Statue of Anna Maria von Ostfriesland, Duchess of Mecklenburg - created by Franz Julius Döteber
Maria Elisabeth as Abbess of Gandersheim
Princess Marie Katharina of Braunschweig-Dannenberg

His first marriage in 1622 was Anna Maria (1601–1634), daughter of Count Enno von Ostfriesland (1563–1625) and had the following children with her:

His second marriage was in 1635 with Marie Katharina (1616–1665), daughter of Duke Julius Ernst von Braunschweig-Dannenberg (1571–1636), with whom he had other children:

Web links

Commons : Adolf Friedrich I.  - Collection of pictures

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Andrea Voss: A travel report as a writing exercise: The travel directory of Adolf Friedrich I of Mecklenburg (1606-1607), in: dies .: Travels tell. Narrative rhetoric, intertextuality and functional functions of the noble educational travel report in the early modern period, Heidelberg: Winter 2016 (= Neue Bremer Posts, 20), pp. 198–213. ISBN 978-3-8253-6591-2
  2. ^ Ludwig Fromm :  Adolf Friedrich I., Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 119 f.
  3. ↑ August Hirsch :  Mynsicht, Adrian von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, pp. 145 f.
predecessor Office successor
John VII Duke of Mecklenburg [-Schwerin]
1592–1628 		Wallenstein
Wallenstein Duke of Mecklenburg [-Schwerin]
1631–1658 		Christian Ludwig I.
Ulrich III. Administrator of Schwerin
(1631) -1648 		-
personal data
SURNAME Adolf Friedrich I.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Adolf Friedrich I. of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duke of Mecklenburg
DATE OF BIRTH December 15, 1588
PLACE OF BIRTH Schwerin
DATE OF DEATH February 27, 1658
Place of death Schwerin