Adolf de Haer

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Adolf de Haer: Self-Portrait (around 1929)

Adolf Josef Maria de Haer (born October 29, 1892 in Düsseldorf , † December 28, 1944 near Osnabrück ) was a German painter , graphic artist and wood engraver of Rhenish Expressionism .

Life

Born in Düsseldorf, Adolf de Haer, son of the decorative painter Johann de Haer, was determined to become a painter from an early age. Until 1914 he was a scholarship holder at the Kunstgewerbeschule Düsseldorf before he was drafted into military service. In the summer of 1917 he was able to take private lessons with Adolf Hölzel for a few months in order to familiarize himself with the basic laws of color and composition. However, he remained essentially self-taught .

In 1919 de Haer was one of the founding members of the group Das Junge Rheinland and Johanna Ey's circle in Düsseldorf . With Gert Wollheim and Otto Pankok , his two closest artist friends, he was also involved in the activist association . As early as 1919 he exhibited in Hans Koch's "Graphisches Kabinett". In the same year, the municipal collections bought his painting “People”, a few years later also his “Lady” and a portrait of his painter friend Werner Gilles . In 1921 he had his first solo exhibition in the old town gallery “Junge Kunst - Frau Ey” and at the same time was represented with images in the first issue of the magazine “Das Junge Rheinland”. In 1923 he painted "Johanna Ey crocheting", the painting is now in the public collections of Düsseldorf.

Three girls with a dog (Adolf de Haer)
Three girls with a dog
Adolf de Haer , around 1919
Museum Giersch (painting from private collection), Frankfurt

His work from the beginning of the 1920s with Cubist - Expressionist works, such as B. the "Painter and Girl" (1919), "Girl with a Flower" (1919) and "Two Sunflowers" (1924) or "Conflict" and "Friends" (both 1920). A transition situation between Expressionism and Impressionism was marked by the 2nd version of the portrait of "Cellist Flieger" (1925) or "Still life with table and chair" (1929) and many an Expressionist portrait and variety of still lifes from the 1920s and early 1930s in oil and watercolor.

Adolf de Haer was one of the ostracized during the Nazi era . His early pictures were removed from the Düsseldorf Art Museum as Degenerate Art . He lived and worked in Kaiserswerth since 1936 . In his garden, located directly on the Rhine, he received his friends and muses who shaped his artistic work. He painted pictures with Christian themes as an expression of his exploration of his own existence, as well as symbols of the harmonious family, numerous portraits, nudes and flower still lifes. Many of these works were shown in the Great Art Exhibition in Düsseldorf , in Hanover (1937), Berlin (1940) and Vienna (1941) after 1936 . Highlights include the Rhenish Art Exhibition in Berlin in 1940 in Schönhausen Palace with the large-format painting “Am Strand” and the Esposizione d'Arte Contemporanea di Düsseldorf in 1943 at Palazzo Strozzi in Florence, where he wrote his “Self-Portrait under Sunflowers” ​​and the painting “In the Mirror “Showed. After the war he was shown in 1946 with numerous works in the memorial exhibition Lebendiges Erbe in the Hetjens Museum Düsseldorf together with Paul Klee, August Macke and Wilhelm Lehmbruck, and in 1947 as part of the exhibition Rheinische Kunst yesterday and today at the Kunstverein Braunschweig. In 1954 it was mentioned in the memorial section of the Christmas exhibition of visual artists in the Rhineland and Westphalia . When his work and estate were forgotten, Melitta Ficher, his only heir, dedicated a large commemorative exhibition to him in 1992 together with the Kaiserswerth City Museum.

Adolf de Haer died of pneumonia in a military hospital in Osnabrück in December 1944 after being drafted into the Volkssturm as a shooter. His grave is in the Heger cemetery in Osnabrück (field XIH row 01 grave 50).

He was one of the most important representatives of Rhenish Expressionism and Cubo-Futurism . He painted in oils, watercolors, made woodcuts, etchings, lithographs and at least one well-known bronze act (preserved as an original and in plaster, last shown in 1992 at his memorial exhibition). Adolf de Haer is represented in the art museums in Düsseldorf, Mülheim and Duisburg as well as in the Museum Giersch in Frankfurt, as well as in the art collections in Nuremberg, Passau and the collections of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art , California.

Adolf de Haer was a member of the German Association of Artists .

Exhibitions (selection)

  • 1928: Second exhibition of German post-Impressionist art from private collections in Berlin , Kronprinzen-Palais, Berlin
  • 1928: German art , Museum Kunstpalast , Düsseldorf, with portrait painter Hartz
  • 1930: Rhenish Secession , annual exhibition at the Städtische Kunsthalle Düsseldorf , with "Fischerdorf"
  • 1936: Painting and sculpture in Germany in 1936 . Art Association in Hamburg, Hamburg
  • 1985: Adolf de Haer, early works 1913-1935 , Galerie Remmert and Barth, Düsseldorf
  • 1988/1989: Traveling exhibition: German Expressionism, 1915-1925: The Second Generation , LACMA, Los Angeles, CA; Moritzburg Foundation , Halle; Museum Kunstpalast , Düsseldorf; The Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Fort Worth , Texas, USA
  • 1999: 1919 - Pictures of a Year Gallery Remmert and Barth, Düsseldorf
  • 2006: Overview 2006 , Galerie Remmert and Barth, Düsseldorf
  • 2013: The other modern. Art and artists in the countries on the Rhine 1900 to 1922 , Städtische Wessenberg-Galerie , Konstanz

Web links

Commons : Adolf de Haer  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Civil status of the Lord Mayor's Office Düsseldorf: October 29th Adolf Jos. Maria, S. d. Decorative painter Joh. De Haer, Grafenbergerstr. , in Düsseldorfer Volksblatt (No. 302) of November 5, 1892
  2. ↑ Stadtmuseum: Johanna Ey crocheting , illustration, accessed June 23, 2015
  3. ^ Database on the confiscation inventory of the "Degenerate Art" campaign, Research Center "Degenerate Art", FU Berlin
  4. ↑ Brown vase with roses, 1937, location Kunstmuseum Mülheim an der Ruhr , on akg-images.com, accessed on July 13, 2016
  5. ↑ Still life with lilies and delphinium, 1942 , on artnet.com, accessed July 13, 2016
  6. ^ Victims of World War II: Adolf Josef Maria de Haer ( Memento from June 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed June 23, 2013
  7. ↑ LACMA: Adolf de Haer
  8. ↑ kuenstlerbund.de: Ordinary members of the German Association of Artists since it was founded in 1903 / Haer, Adolf Josef Maria de ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed on August 10, 2015)
  9. ^ Exhibition of German Art, Düsseldorf 1928
  10. ^ Annual exhibition of the Rhenish Secession, Düsseldorf May / June 1930
  11. ↑ Exhibition "The Other Modern Age. Art and Artists in the Countries on the Rhine 1900 to 1922" ( Memento of the original from April 10, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.konstanz.de
personal data
SURNAME Haer, Adolf de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Haer, Adolf Josef Maria de (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter, graphic artist and wood engraver of Rhenish Expressionism
DATE OF BIRTH October 29, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Dusseldorf
DATE OF DEATH December 28, 1944
Place of death near Osnabrück