Ala I Cannanefatium

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The military diploma of AD 133 for Pannonia superior ( CIL 16, 76 )

The Ala I Cannanefatium [civium Romanorum] [Gordiana] [Severiana] ( German  1st Ala of the Cananefaten [the Roman citizens] [the Gordian] [the Severian] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and the Annales of Tacitus .

Name components

  • Cannanefatium : the Cananefaten . The soldiers of the Ala were recruited from the Germanic Cananefaten tribe when the unit was set up.
  • civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition occurs in the military diplomas from 115 and 146 to 163 as well as in the inscriptions ( AE 1972, 442 , TPSSR 3 ).
  • Gordiana : the Gordian. A title of honor that refers to Gordian III. (238-244) refers. The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 1973, 438 ).
  • Severiana : the Severian. An honorary title that refers to Severus Alexander (222-235). The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 1972, 443 ).

Since there is no reference to the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was an Ala quingenaria . The nominal strength of the Ala was 480 men, consisting of 16 towers with 30 riders each.

history

The Ala was stationed in the provinces of Germania and Pannonia superior (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 74 to 163.

The first evidence is found in Tacitus , who in his Annales (Book IV, Chapter 73) mentions an Ala Canninefatem who took part in the suppression of a Frisian uprising around 28 AD . The Ala was therefore probably established by Drusus during the reign of Augustus .

The Ala is documented for the first time in the province of Germania through a diploma . In the diploma, the Ala is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Germania ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, which are dated from 76 to 90, prove the unit in the same province (or from 90 in Germania superior ).

At an unspecified date, the unit was moved to the province of Pannonia superior , where it is first evidenced by a diploma dated 115. The diploma lists the Ala as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 116 to 163, prove unity in the same province.

The diploma of 151 shows that the Ala (or a vexillation of the same) was temporarily moved from Pannonia superior to Mauretania Caesariensis in order to take part in the suppression of an uprising.

The last evidence of the Ala is based on the inscription ( AE 1973, 438 ), which is dated to 238/244.

Locations

Locations of the Ala in Germania were possibly:

Locations of the Ala in Pannonia superior were:

  • Gerulata ( Rusovce ): The inscriptions of Aelius Tutor , Fabius Firmus , Flavius ​​Attius , Marcus Antonius Iulianus , Marius Firmus and Titus Flavius ​​Surilio as well as the inscription ( AE 1973, 438 ) were found here.

Members of the Ala

The following members of the Ala are known:

Commanders

  • M (arcus) Helvius Clemens, a prefect ( CIL 11, 2699 )
  • M [ar] ius Firmus, a prefect ( TPSSR 3 )
  • Travllius Rufinus: he is named on one of the diplomas of 161 ( RMD 5, 430 ) as the commander of the Ala.

Others

In the inscription ( AE 1966, 292 ), which is dated to 201/230, the following Decurios, Duplicarii and Sesquiplicarii are listed:

  • [] untus
  • Aulus anus
  • Bersolus
  • Brincasis
  • Constans
  • Constans
  • Contarius
  • Domitius
  • Iustus
  • Licinianus
  • Senilis
  • Titianus
  • Veteranus
  • Victorinus

See also

Web links

Commons : Ala I Cannanefatium  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c John EH Spaul: Ala². The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 77-79.
  2. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 159, 162 tables 3, 6 ( PDF p. 161, 164 ).
  3. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 74 ( CIL 16, 20 ), 76 ( RMM 2 ), 82 ( CIL 16, 28 ), 90 ( CIL 16, 36 , RMD 5, 333 ), 115 ( ZPE-180-287 ), 116 ( CIL 16, 64 ), 126 ( RMD 4, 236 ), 133 ( CIL 16, 76 ), 134 ( RMD 4, 250 , ZPE-197-217 ), 138 ( CIL 16, 84 ), 146 ( CIL 16, 178 ), 148 ( CIL 16, 96 ), 149 ( CIL 16, 97 ), 151 ( RMM 32 ), 154 ( CIL 16, 104 ), 155/156 ( RMD 5, 416 ), 156/160 ( RMM 42 ), 159 ( AE 2004, 1905 , RMD 5, 422 ), 161 ( RMD 3, 176 , RMD 5, 430 ) and 163 ( RMD 1, 62 ).
  4. ↑ Barbara Pferdehirt : Roman military diplomas and dismissal certificates in the collection of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum. (=  Catalogs of prehistoric antiquities 37), 2 volumes, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz 2004, ISBN 3-88467-086-7 Volume 1, pp. 92–96.
  5. ↑ Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl, Paul Holder: A constitution from the year 152 or 153 for Lower Saxony and British troops, delegated to Mauretania Tingitana In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 199 (2016), pp. 187-201, here pp. 191, 194 ( online ).