Alice Hoschedé

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alice Monet, photograph by Paul Nadar , around 1900

Alice Hoschedé (born on February 19, 1844 as Angélique Émilie Alice Raingo in Paris ; died on May 19, 1911 in Giverny ) was the life partner and from 1892 as Alice Monet the second wife of the French painter Claude Monet .

Life

Alice Raingo's parents were Denis Lucien Alphonse Raingo from Belgium and his French wife Jeanne Coralie, née Boulade. Alice Raingo was born in Paris in 1844 as the second of nine siblings. The father had made a fortune in real estate business. From 1864 the family lived in the Schloss Rottembourg estate in Montgeron .

On April 16, 1861, Alice Raingo married the cloth wholesaler Ernest Hoschedé at the age of 17 . This marriage had six children: Marthe (born 1864), Blanche (born 1865), Suzanne (born 1868), Jacques (born 1869), Germaine (born 1873) and Jean-Pierre (born 1877 ). After the death of her parents, Alice Hoschedé inherited Rottembourg Castle as the eldest of the living children, which she and her family continued to use as a country residence. Alice and Ernest Hoschedé were both interested in art and built up an extensive art collection, particularly with works by contemporary painters. Various artists visited the Hoschedés in Rottembourg Castle and created family portraits there, for example. The portrait of Madame Alice Hoschedé ( Museum of Fine Arts, Houston ) by Émile Auguste Carolus-Duran was created around 1872–1878 . His wife Pauline Carolus-Duran also made a portrait of Alice Hoschedé in 1875 (private collection). The painter Édouard Manet created portraits of Ernest Hoschedé and the children Marthe and Jacques in Montgeron.

  • Émile Auguste Carolus-Duran: Portrait of Madame Hoschedé ,
    around 1872–1878

  • Pauline Carolus-Duran: Portrait Alice Hoschedé ,
    1903

In 1876 the painter Claude Monet came to visit Montgeron and stayed - with interruptions - from July to December of that year. He had been commissioned to paint murals for the salon of Rottembourg Castle, including the famous painting Turkeys ( Les dindons , Musée d'Orsay , Paris). In addition, some paintings were made with views of the garden. It is unclear whether Alice Hoschedé and Monet knew each other before. Various authors assumed that the two had been in love since 1875, although there is no evidence for this. There is also no evidence of a love affair between Alice Hoschedé and Monet during his stay in Montgeron in 1876.

After Ernest Hoschedé's company got into financial difficulties, he was no longer able to meet his payment obligations in the fall of 1877. As a result, he fled to Belgium from his creditors. Alice Hoschedé also left Rottembourg Castle and initially found refuge with her sister in Biarritz . On the way there, their youngest child Jean-Pierre was born. Claude Monet is occasionally suspected as the boy's biological father, but there is no evidence of this. In terms of assets, Alice only had her jewelry, Rottembourg Castle was sold in 1878 and later bought back by the Raingo family. The Hoschedé art collection was auctioned off in 1878 at very low prices.

Families Monet and Hoschedé; from left to right: standing Claude Monet, in front of it Alice Hoschedé sitting, in front of it Michel Monet on the ground, next to Alice are Jean-Pierre Hoschedé, Blanche Hoschedé and Jean Monet, behind is Jacques Hoschedé, in front of them are Martha Hoschedé, Germaine Hoschedé and Suzanne Hoschedé ; unknown photographer, around 1886

In the summer of 1878 Alice and Ernest Hoschedé moved with their six children to the Monet family in Vétheuil . Claude Monet lived there with his wife Camille and their sons Jean and Michel in a household plagued by money problems. Camille had not yet recovered from the birth of Michel, who was born in March 1878, and she was diagnosed with cancer. Alice Hoschedé now looked after the eight children in the house and took care of Camille Monet, who died in 1879 at the age of 32.

In 1881 Claude Monet created the portrait of Alice Hoschedé in the garden (private collection). While he had painted numerous portraits of his first wife, this painting remained one of the few works in which he portrayed his future wife Alice. Ernest Hoschedé commuted between Vetheuil and Paris, where he worked for the newspaper Le Voltaire . There were increasing conflicts between him and Monet, revolving around financial matters, but not least around her relationship with Alice Hoschedé. Ernest Hoschedé still came to visit occasionally, but mostly when Claude Monet was not in the house. At the end of 1881, Claude Monet moved to a house in Poissy with Alice Hoschedé and their eight children . At least since then, Alice Hoschedé lived permanently separated from her husband, but remained married to him. Her Catholic faith, but also maintenance payments from her husband, may have been decisive for the continuation of the marriage. In 1883 Monet and Hoschedé finally moved to Giverny in Monet's house, which is now open as a museum . Alice Hoschedé's “wild marriage” with Claude Monet was not considered socially accepted. They only married on July 16, 1892, after Ernest Hoschedé had died the year before. Their daughter Blanche Hochedé married Monet's son Jean in 1897.

The author Claire Joyes described the everyday life of Alice Monet, who now lives in well-off circumstances, as follows: “Alice rules the house, that is, she endures Monet's whims, raises eight children, none of whom have a special talent, organizes and supervises the work of the domestic servants, receives many relatives from her family and many friends as well as Monet's merchants, as a woman of the world knows how to always find the right words, knows which food to serve for which guest, when to impress and when to do it prefers to hold back ... ". Guests in Giverny included the American painter John Singer Sargent , who in 1885 portrayed Claude Monet at the outdoor easel together with Alice Hoschedé in the painting Claude Monet Painting by the Edge of the Wood . Everyday life in Giverny was interrupted by occasional trips, for example to Venice in 1908. Alice Hoschedé died of leukemia in 1911 after living with Claude Monet for more than 30 years. She is buried in the Giverny cemetery in the common grave of the Monet-Hoschedé families at the side of her two husbands.

  • Claude Monet: Alice Hoschedé in the Garden ,
    1881

  • John Singer Sargent: Claude Monet Painting by the Edge of the Wood ,
    1885

literature

Web links

Commons : Alice Hoschedé  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information on the painting Portrait de Madame Alice Hoschedé by Émile Auguste Carolus-Duran on the website of the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
  2. ^ Judith Cernogora: Portraits de femmes , p. 40.
  3. ↑ A relationship between Alice Hoschedé and Claude Monet as early as 1875 suspect Jill Berk Jiminez: Dictionary of artists' models , p. 165 and Edward Lucie-Smith: Impressionist Women , p. 40. Ruth Butler: Hidden in the Shadow of contradicts this the masters: the model-wives of Cézanne, Monet and Rodin , p. 190.
  4. ↑ Dorothee Hansen: Monet and Camille - Biography of a Relationship in Dorothee Hansen, Wulf Herzogenrath: Monet and Camille - Women Portraits in Impressionism , p. 34.
  5. ↑ Ruth Butler: Hidden in the Shadow of the masters: the model-wives of Cézanne, Monet and Rodin , p. 190.
  6. ↑ John Rewald: The History of Impressionism: Fate and Work of the Painters of a Great Epoch of Art , p. 250.
  7. ^ Claire Joyes: Visiting Claude Monet , p. 53.
personal data
SURNAME Hoschedé, Alice
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Monet, Alice (married name); Raingo, Angélique Emilie Alice (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Second wife of Claude Monet
DATE OF BIRTH February 19, 1844
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH May 19, 1911
Place of death Giverny