Ortenberg Office

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Bailiff Ludwig Eisenberger with his wife Margaretha Schwartzin

The Ortenberg office was an office in the Wetterau since the late Middle Ages . At times there were also two offices under this name.

Geographical location

The Ortenberg office was in the Wetterau , northwest of Büdingen. The seat of the office was in Ortenberg in today's Wetteraukreis in Hesse .

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

history

Ortenberg condominium

Locations of the condominium " Amt Ortenberg "

Bailiff Philipp Eisenberger with his wife Amalia Trechin

Bailiffs

Eppstein-Königstein named the officials and cellars as the largest shareholder in the condominium . The appointment had to be confirmed by Hanau.

Bailiff Henn Eisenberger with his wife Elisabeth von Langsdorff
year Bailiff
1474 Michel Mosbach
1475 Peter Eisenberger
1496/98 Wipprecht von Rosenbach ?
1512-1521 Henn Eisenberger
1557-1567 Philipp Eisenberger
1558-1569 Dr. Thomas Eisenberger
1579-1581 Ludwig Eisenberger
1583-1599 Dr. Ludwig Braunfeld
1601-1613 Dr. Georg Terhell

Shares in the condominate

Together with the Ortenberg Castle, it was a condominium for various gentlemen from the Wetterau, whose successors can also be found in the Wetterau Counts' Association . From 1527 the Hanau part was a fiefdom of the Electoral Palatinate and the Königstein part was a fiefdom of Fulda . From 1568 to 1578 negotiations took place between the shareholders, which ultimately ended in an even division of the condominium. The shares of the condominium were distributed as follows:

Period Men's Remarks
before 1359 Eppstein 11 / 16 Trimberg 3 / 16 Isenburg 2 / 16
1359-1433 Eppstein 11 / 16 Hanau 3 / 16 Isenburg 2 / 16
 Hanau purchases the Trimberg share
1433-1438 Eppstein coins Berg 11 / 16 Hanau 3 / 16 Isenburg 2 / 16
 With the Eppstein brother division comes the Eppstein share in Eppstein-Münzenberg
1438-1460 Eppstein coins Berg 7 / 16 Kronberg 4 / 16 Hanau 3 / 16 Isenburg 2 / 16 Pledge of 4 / 16 to Kronberg
1460-1476 Eppstein coins Berg 11 / 16 Hanau 3 / 16 Isenburg 2 / 16
 Release of the Kronberg pledge by Eppstein
1476-1505 Eppstein coins Berg 7 / 16 Hanau 7 / 16 Isenburg 2 / 16
 Purchase of 4 / 16 of Eppsteiner portion by Hanau
1505-1518 County Königstein 7 / 16 Hanau 7 / 16 Isenburg 2 / 16
 The Eppsteiner share goes to the County of Königstein
1518-1535 County Königstein 10 / 16 Hanau 4 / 16 Isenburg 2 / 16
 The Counts of Königstein acquire the "Trimberg Quarter" on the basis of the Werheim Treaty of Hanau
1535-1578 Stolberg 10 / 16 Hanau 4 / 16 Isenburg 2 / 16 The Lords of Stolberg inherit the County of Königstein
1578-1601 Stolberg 1 / 3 Hanau 1 / 3 Isenburg 1 / 3 Divide the parties, the shares in the Kondominat evenly on: Every now owns 1 / 3 .
Local coat of arms of Gelnhaar. Black and white: Isenburg; yellow and red: Hanau. In the middle the former border, the Bleichenbach .

In 1601 there was a real division between Hanau, Stolberg and Ysenburg. The places Bergheim, Bleichenbach, Enzheim, Kloster Konradsdorf, Selters and Wippenbach came to Hanau, the places Mittel-Seemen, Nieder-Seemen, Ober-Seemen, Ranstadt, Usenborn and Volkartshain came to Stolberg. The villages of Ortenberg (2/3 to Stollberg and 1/3 to Hanau) and Gelnhaar (half each) were actually divided between Hanau and Isenburg. Even today the coat of arms of Gelnhaar reflects the division of the village. Effolderbach remained a condominium, in which Isenburg and Stolberg were equally involved.

After the real division

Stolberg Office of Ortenberg

The Stolbergisches Amt Ortenberg was one of the areas in which the Solms land law was only partially accepted under customary law . This applied in particular to the areas of guardianship law , inheritance and matrimonial property law . Moreover, the applied Common Law . It was not until January 1, 1900, when the Civil Code , which was uniformly valid throughout the German Reich , that the old particular law was suspended .

The Counts of Stolberg-Roßla continued the share they had exclusively taken over in 1601 as the Ortenberg office . In 1806, the Grand Duchy of Hesse joined the Rhine Confederation and was rewarded, among other things, with the fact that it won state sovereignty over the smaller lordships in its catchment area. This also included the property of the Counts of Stolberg located in the Wetterau and thus their office in Ortenberg . During the takeover, however, the civil rights of the previous owners were preserved, who continued to exercise sovereign rights in administration and jurisdiction, so-called "sovereign lands". The Stolberg-Ortenberg Office of Ortenberg continued to exist.

Hanau Office of Ortenberg

According to customary law , the Solms land law applied in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg .

From 1601, the County of Hanau-Münzenberg , from 1642 the County of Hanau , under the name of Amt Ortenberg, continued the third of the condominium it had exclusively taken over as a separate administrative unit. This fell in 1736 when the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III, died. , on the basis of an inheritance contract to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel (from 1803: Electorate of Hesse ). This Kurhessische Amt Ortenberg came under French administration in 1806, when France occupied the electorate because it refused to join the Rhine Confederation. On May 11, 1810, the Grand Duchy of Hesse and France signed a state treaty with which France gave territories that it had taken from Electorate Hesse in 1806 to the Grand Duchy. The treaty concluded in May was not signed by Napoléon until October 17, 1810. The Hessian occupation patent does not date until November 10, 1810 and also included the Hessian office of Ortenberg . In contrast to the Stolberg office of Ortenberg , there were no noblemen between the grand ducal government and the subjects. It was "Dominiallande". So this Ortenberg office initially continued to exist and was called Dominialamt Ortenberg .

The End

In 1816, the Isenburg share of the former condominium also fell to Hessen-Darmstadt by resolution of the Congress of Vienna . From 1820 there were administrative reforms in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. In 1821, jurisdiction and administration were separated at the lower level and all offices were dissolved. For the previously perceived by the offices administrative tasks were district districts created for the first-instance jurisdiction district courts. The two offices of Ortenberg were dissolved. Their administrative tasks were transferred to the district of Nidda , the jurisdiction tasks to the Ortenberg district court , but the court was still "jointly between the state and the Counts of Stollberg-Ortenberg and Stollberg-Gedern" and legal cases were made from the civil part of the former office in the second instance before the judicial office in Büdingen , not before the court in Giessen .

The area of ​​the former Ortenberg office became part of the Nidda district in 1832 . With the March Revolution in 1848, the administrative district of Nidda was briefly formed, but in 1852 the district of Nidda was restituted. In 1874 the areas of the former Ortenberg district came to the Büdingen district , which was merged into the Wetterau district with the regional reform in Hesse in 1972 .

literature

  • Hartmut Bock: The Eisenberger Chronicle . ISBN 3-89282-040-6 , pp. 330-345.
  • Friedrich Battenberg: Stolberger Documents = Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt 21, DA 1985, No. 1150:
  • Regenerus Engelhard: Description of the earth of the Hessian Lands Casselischen Antheiles with notes from history and from documents explained . Part 2, Cassel 1778. ND 2004, pp. 796ff.
  • K. Heusohn: Ortenberg. Castle, town and district court under the lime tree . Ortenberg 1927 (?), Especially p. 9ff.
  • Fried Lübbecke : Hanau. City and county. Cologne, 1951.
  • Johannes Meichsner: Decisiones diversarum causarum in camera imperiali iudicatarum, Vol. I, F 1603, pp. 54-96.
  • Hans Philippi : Territorialgeschichte der Grafschaft Büdingen = writings of the Hessian office for historical regional studies 23. Marburg 1954, pp. 134-144.
  • Regina Schäfer: The Lords of Eppstein = publications of the historical commission for Nassau. Wiesbaden 2000.
  • Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893.
  • Tables about all of the entire county of Hanau-Müntzenberg so well freed as well as merry subjects, widow women, beysat, young men and Jews, etc. then all migrating cattle for the year 1736 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Schmidt, p. 25, note 82.
  2. ^ Schmidt, p. 25, note 82.
  3. ^ Schmidt, p. 25, note 82.
  4. ^ Schmidt, p. 25, note 82.
  5. ^ Schmidt, p. 25, note 82.
  6. ^ Schmidt, p. 25, note 82.
  7. ↑ Schmidt, p. 108, as well as the enclosed map.
  8. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 411.
  9. ↑ Schmidt, p. 105 and Note 26.
  10. ^ Text (in French ) in: Schmidt, p. 30ff, note 100.
  11. ↑ Schmidt, p. 30.
  12. ↑ Schmidt, p. 33.
  13. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 411.
  14. ^ Zimmermann, p. 767.
  15. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 33 of July 20, 1821, pp. 403ff.
  16. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 411.
  17. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 412.