Arses

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Name of Arses
Greek
for Manetho 		Arses

Arses († 336 BC ) was the penultimate ruler of the Persian Empire from the Achaemenid dynasty .

Enthronement

After the eunuch Bagoas in 338 BC. BC. Artaxerxes III. and had poisoned some of his sons, with the help of the eunuch the youngest ruler's son Arses, who was intentionally spared, ascended the throne as Artaxerxes IV , as can be seen from the inscription on a stele in the Letoon at Xanthos .

Reign and death

The foreign policy situation was extremely tense, since at the same time King Philip II of Macedonia was in control of Greece . This demanded compensation from Arses that Artaxerxes III. Had supported Philip's enemies. When Arses refused the compensation, Philipp set up advance detachments to prepare for an invasion of Persia.

Domestically, Arses' situation was also problematic as he opposed the strong influence of Bagoas. Arses finally planned to murder the eunuch, but then fell victim to a poison attack by Bagoas himself; all of his children were also murdered. In the battle between Bagoas and the last living Achaemenid Dareios III. Tellingly, Bagoas also lost his life through poison to succeed him.

His name is documented once on a jug lid in Egyptian hieroglyphics.

literature

  • Pierre Briant : From Cyrus to Alexander. A History of the Persian Empire ("Histoire de l'Émpire perse"). Eisenbrauns Publ., Winona Lake, Ind. 2002, ISBN 1-57506-031-0 , pp. 769ff.
  • Leo Depuydt : Saite and Persian Egypt, 664 BC-332 BC (Dyns. 26-31, Psammetichus I to Alexander's Conquest of Egypt). In: Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, David A. Warburton (eds.): Ancient Egyptian Chronology (= Handbook of Oriental studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East. Volume 83). Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-90-04-11385-5 , pp. 265-283 ( online ).
  • Thomas Schneider : Lexicon of the Pharaohs. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 , p. 83.
  • Christoffer Theis, The Egyptian writing of the Persian king's name Arses, in: CARSTEN PEUST (Hrsg.), Miscellanea in honorem Wolfhart Westendorf, GM.B 3, Göttingen 2008, pp. 120-123.
  • Friedrich Cauer : Arses . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume II, 1, Stuttgart 1895, Sp. 1275.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christoffer Theis, The Egyptian writing of the Persian king's name Arses, in: CARSTEN PEUST (Hrsg.), Miscellanea in honorem Wolfhart Westendorf, GM.B 3, Göttingen 2008, pp. 120–123.
predecessor Office successor
Artaxerxes III. Persian king
338 to 336 BC Chr. 		Dareios III.
predecessor Office successor
Artaxerxes III. Pharaoh of Lower Egypt
338 to 336 BC BC
counter-king in Upper Egypt : Chabbash 		Dareios III.
personal data
SURNAME Arses
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Persian ruler
DATE OF BIRTH 5th century BC BC or 4th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 336 BC Chr.