Bark

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Borken
Bark
Map of Germany, position of the city of Borken highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 51 '  N , 6 ° 51'  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Muenster
Circle : Bark
Height : 50 m above sea level NHN
Area : 152.97 km 2
Residents: 42,629 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 279 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 46325
Primaries : 02861, 02862, 02865, 02872
License plate : BOR, AH, BOH
Community key : 05 5 54 012
City structure: 12 districts

City administration address :
Im Piepershagen 17
46325 Borken
Website : www.borken.de
Mayoress : Mechtild Schulze Hessing ( CDU )
Location of the city of Borken in the Borken district
Kreis Borken Nordrhein-Westfalen Kreis Kleve Kreis Wesel Kreis Coesfeld Kreis Coesfeld Niedersachsen Kreis Steinfurt Niederlande Raesfeld Heiden Rhede Bocholt Borken Reken Velen Stadtlohn Heek Ahaus Gescher Legden Schöppingen Gronau Vreden Südlohn Isselburgmap
About this picture

The city of Borken ( Low German Buorken ) is located in the western Münsterland in the northwest of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and is a middle district town in the district of Borken ( administrative district of Münster ) and its district town . Borken is the third largest city in the district after Bocholt and Gronau .

geography

location

Borken is part of the Westphalian Bay . The city, which lies directly on the northwestern edge of the Hohe Mark-Westmünsterland Nature Park and west of the mountain range Die Berge , is traversed by the Borkener and Bocholter Aa .

Neighboring communities

Winterswijk
( Netherlands )
Südlohn
(Borken district)
Velen
(Borken district)
Roadstead
(Borken district)
Wind rose small.svg Heiden
(Borken district)
Raesfeld
(Borken district)
Dorsten
( Recklinghausen district )

population

Districts of Borken
Market square with church tower of St. Remigius

The city of Borken has 42,629 inhabitants (December 31, 2019). This means that 279 people live per km², the national average in North Rhine-Westphalia is 526 people.

City structure

As a result of incorporation in 1969, twelve districts of Borken were created from previously independent communities.

The Gemen-Weseke office with the town of Gemen of the municipality of Weseke was transferred to the districts of Gemen , the parish of Gemen and Weseke . The Marbeck-Raesfeld office was dissolved and Raesfeld became independent. The other communities were transferred to the districts of Marbeck , Hoxfeld , Grütlohn , Rhedebrügge , Burlo / Borkenwirthe and Westenborken .

Districts (partially summarized) Residents
Borken (main town) 20107
Gemen and the parish of Gemen 7466
Weseke 4968
Burlo / Borkenwirthe 3577
Grütlohn , Hoxfeld , Rhedebrugge and Westenborken 2762
Marbeck 2463

history

Gemen Castle in the district of the same name

As early as around 800, the courtyard collection "Burg" or "Burk" was used by Charlemagne as a warehouse on his travels. The name also comes from this time and is a development from Burke, Burken to Borken. In 1226 the town charter was officially granted by Bishop Dietrich III. von Isenberg (also Prince-Bishop Dietrich III. von Münster ). With the Burlo Convention , concluded on October 19, 1765 in the Mariengarden monastery , the previously controversial border between the Dutch province of Gelderland and the Duchy of Münster became binding and has remained unchanged since then. The city fortifications made of city walls and towers were first mentioned in 1391. From 1803 to 1810 Borken belonged to the Principality of Salm , from 1810 to the French Empire. In 1815 Borken became Prussian and came to the province of Westphalia . At the same time, Borken became the administrative seat of the newly formed Borken district . From 1880 to 1905 it was connected to the railway network (1880 Wanne - Borken - Winterswijk , 1901 Empel - Bocholt - Borken and Borken - Burgsteinfurt, 1905 Borken - Coesfeld - Münster ). Towards the end of the Second World War , the historic town center of Borkens was largely destroyed in bomb attacks. From 1975 to 1978 the southern old town was extensively renovated and redesigned. The last remains of the historical buildings that survived the Second World War were demolished. In 2001 Borken celebrated its 775th anniversary. In 2012, Borken was one of the few cities in Germany that had no debts of their own.

Incorporations

In the course of the local reorganization, Gemens was incorporated on July 1, 1969, and the previously independent communities of Borkenwirthe , parish Gemen , Grütlohn , Hoxfeld , Marbeck , Rhedebrügge , Weseke and Westenborken .

Outsourcing

On January 1, 1975, a small part of the former municipality of Marbeck, which had about 240 inhabitants at that time, was assigned to the neighboring municipality of Heiden.

politics

Local election 2014
Turnout: 52.1% (2009: 59.7%)
 %
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
50.6%
21.8%
10.7%
4.1%
10.1%
2.8%
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
+ 8.4  % p
-2.7  % p
-0.7  % p
-6.1  % p
+1.7  % p
-0.4  % p
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
f Free voters Borken

City council

According to the results of 2009 and 2014, the 38 seats in the city ​​council are distributed among the parties as follows:

Political party Seats 0 Share of votes
2009 2014 2009 2014
Christian Democratic Union 16 20th 42.2% 50.6%
Social Democratic Party of Germany 10 8th 24.5% 21.8%
Alliance 90 / The Greens 3 4th 8.7% 10.1%
Free Democratic Party 4th 1 10.2% 4.1%
UWG 4th 4th 11.4% 10.7%
FWB 1 1 3.2% 2.8%

Coat of arms and banner

The city was granted the right to use a coat of arms and a flag (banner) in a document issued by the Münster district government on April 22, 1970.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In silver (white) growing from the base of the shield, a round black grooved red fortification with a surrounding battlement wall, inside a Romanesque round arch with keystone, surrounding two silver (white) round arch portals, surmounted by three round towers, the side towers with protruding three-pinned end and black double window underneath, the central tower is larger with a four-pass silver (white) rose window under the faceted dome roof with the tower ball on top. "

In earlier coats of arms depictions from the 20th century, the dome roof appeared green, other versions show the coat of arms in non-perspective form. Issued June 24, 1910 and April 22, 1970. Another version shows the coat of arms with a turtle from a crenellated wall surmounted by three crenellated towers with a portal as the city coat of arms.

The coat of arms goes back to the oldest town seal (oldest imprint from 1263), which shows the flank towers with pointed roofs and the central towers with flat conical roofs and battlements, without a crenellated wall wreath. It appeared as a coat of arms for the first time in 1578, included in the rifle chain of the St. Johanni Bürgererschützenverein. During this time the wall ring was added. It is understood as the talking coat of arms "Burg - Burk - Borken", although the name existed more than 500 years before the city fortifications were built. The origin and meaning of the colors is not known.

Description of the banner: “Banner in three stripes in a ratio of 3: 5: 3 from red to white to red, striped lengthways; shows the city coat of arms without a shield on the white track, shifted upwards slightly over the middle. "

Town twinning

In 1987 the partnerships with Albertslund in Denmark and with the Whitstable Twinning Association in England were officially established. Since Albertslund already had a town partnership with Mölndal in Sweden and Grabow in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania at that time, Borken also got in closer contact with these two towns. The acquaintance with the city of Bolków in Poland was made by the former residents of Bolkenhain, who found a second home in Borken after 1945. When Borken celebrated the 10th anniversary of its partnership with Albertslund and Whitstable in September 1997, the idea of ​​founding a city family within a Europe that was growing closer together was to be advanced. During this festival, the partnership documents with Bolków and Mölndal were officially signed. At the same time, the city of Borken signed a friendship agreement with Grabow. On April 5, 2017, the Committee for Culture, School and Sport endorsed the expansion of the city-partnership contacts between the city of Borken and the Czech city of Řičany and commissioned the administration to prepare the cooperation. On July 12, 2017, the council decided to partner with the town of Řičany. The partnership certificate was signed on September 8, 2017 as part of the Borken city festival and the meeting of all partner cities and partnership associations on the occasion of the partnership anniversaries in Borken.

The first town twinning with Albertslund and Whitstable existed for a good 15 years, six years later the relationships with Bolków, Grabow and Mölndal followed when the partnership association of the town of Borken eV was founded in May 2003. The foundation of the association served to bring the town twinning from administration and local politics to the population.

Because Borken has made a special contribution to European unification and the implementation of the European idea in the population within the framework of town twinning, she was awarded the following awards:

  • 1996 The golden stars of the partnership ("Les Etoiles d´Or du Jumelage") from the European Commission
  • 1997 European diploma from the Council of Europe
  • 1998 Flag of Honor of the Council of Europe
  • 1998 European medal from the Institute for European Partnerships and International Cooperation (IPZ)
  • 2007 Council of Europe honorary plaque

Every year, official and private visits take place between Borken and the six partner cities. In the course of time, regularly recurring events and visits have become established.

Attractions

Provost church of Sankt Remigius (before the church square was redesigned in 2016)
Holy Spirit Church and old town hall on the market square
Urban redevelopment 1976–1979: House Kornmarkt 4 (formerly Vennestraße 1)
The Zaunsche house on Remigiusstraße was built around 1600 and changed in the 19th century.
House at the old windmill 1 with the rest of the Vennetores.
Cow tower, rest of the city fortifications
Profaned Josefskirche Borken, today VHS and youth center

,

The sights of the districts are listed there.

Buildings

Churches

There are several churches in Borken.

Of these, by far the oldest is the provost church of St. Remigius , which was built around 1160. It is located at Papenstegge 10 . To the south-east of the provost church, in the middle of a green area, is the former deanery (today the Catholic provost parish office). The two-storey plastered brick building was built in 1769.

The second oldest church with a religious function is the Johanneskirche , which was built around 1700 and has a baroque interior.

There are also some churches that no longer have their original function:

The building ensemble of the Holy Spirit Church and the Old Town Hall is currently being converted to form the new cultural center, Forum Old Town Hall Borken , or FARB for short. This project is being developed with the help of the structural funding program of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The former guest church of the Hospital of the Holy Spirit was profaned in 1809 . It is a brick hall church built around 1380/90 with a roof turret . The north and south sides with their blind arcades and diamond patterns are designed as a display gable. These are unique in Westmünsterland . Completely burned out in the Second World War, the building was rebuilt from 1950 to 1952 unchanged from the outside and incorporated into the new town hall building to the east. The two-story eaves-standing town hall building with a gable roof , which still follows the tradition of homeland security architecture , is flanked in the east by a square tower that is closed off by a balustrade. The tower, which is provided with an arcade on the ground floor, is crowned by a dainty bell tower covered with copper. In the course of time, the basement of the town hall was changed and fitted with shop fittings.

The former parish church of St. Josef was built in the 1950s and profaned in 2006. The premises for today's youth center and the Borken adult education center were created in an expensive renovation.

Other structures

Shortly before the end of the war, in the spring of 1945, 80% of the well-preserved town center of Borken was destroyed. Only the southern part of the old town around Johanniterstrasse and Vennestrasse remained largely intact. But instead of carrying out a careful refurbishment here, the old building fabric was completely cleared as part of the urban redevelopment carried out from 1976, including the classicist house Vennestraße 8 , which was built around 1800 . The Vennestrasse was finally abandoned and a large shopping center, above which the town hall is located, was built over. Only the important architectural monument Johanniterstraße 2 (today house number 22), which was extensively renovated from 1974 to 1976, was spared . The mutilated gable of the two-story brick house could be reconstructed using well-documented comparative examples . For the new use as a restaurant, the interior was largely gutted and redistributed. The exterior has been returned to its assumed original state; however, the construction work ultimately resulted in a substantial loss of the historical substance. Originally, the half-timbered house Vennestrasse 1 (now Kornmarkt 4 ) with a brick front was also to be renovated from 1684. In fact, this was demolished in 1978/1979 and replaced by a new building. Its facade is not a historically accurate reconstruction, but is only very vaguely based on the shape of the previous building. Nevertheless, the building was included in the list of monuments of the city of Borken.

Mühlenstrasse 8 is one of the few town houses that have survived beyond that . The core of the plaster construction dates back to the 16th century and was replaced in the 18th century. a. provided with a new window division. The arcades on the ground floor were not installed until after the Second World War. The Zaunschen Haus is located on Remigiusstraße, a building that was built around 1600, but was changed in a late Classicist style in the 19th century. Formerly located directly on the market square (old address: Markt 8), before the Second World War the house still had a gorge that was framed by two Corinthian columns. Thanks to the modern plastering and the muntin-free windows, the building looks much younger today than it actually is. At the old windmill 1 there is also a remarkable classicistic brick eaves house that was probably completed in 1803. The east side of the single-storey building with a central projection leans against a wall remnant of the former Vennetor in the east .

Other striking buildings are, for example, the historicist villas on Heidener Strasse (including Villa Bierbaum, Villa Büning).

From the late medieval city fortifications, which were completed by 1433 and reinforced in the 16th century, a total of five towers and several remains of the wall remained. In the Turmstraße 33 is the round, 1555 resulting Diebesturm ( Geuturm ). Badly damaged by a direct bombing in the Second World War, it was then rebuilt in its old form. The upper part had to be completely renewed. A longer section of the city wall adjoins the tower in the east. To the north-east of St. Remigius rises the cow tower built at the beginning of the 16th century and provided with a conical roof in 1910 (kumptorn; Kump (Mz .: Kümpe) - a pit lined with boards for tanning cattle skins in a lohe bath). The Wedemhoveturm ( Wedemhove - farm yard of a parish) with the stair tower added in 1908 dates from the same time . The windmill tower from the 16th century, not far from the town hall, was expanded into a windmill in the course of the 17th century , the wings of which were destroyed in a storm in 1869. In the west of the city, at Wallstrasse 5, there is the Holkensturm , which was also badly damaged in the war and whose neo-Gothic structures were not restored. Remnants of the Vennetor were integrated into the house at Alte Windmühle 1 , which was built in 1803 . In 1976, as part of urban redevelopment, the mighty buttress of a watchtower known as the “bear” was demolished. It was then rebuilt near its original location, partly using the old bricks, and included in the new construction of the parking garage.

Another building is the Iserne Krüs , an atonement cross that was erected around 1900.

Selected sights in the districts

Gemen

Weseke

  • The Heimathaus and the pharmacist garden in Weseke.
  • The post mill in Weseke.

Marbeck

Hoxfeld / Rhedebrügge / Westenborken / Grütlohn

Burlo / Borkenwirthe

traffic

Rail transport

Entrance building of the old train station (the building has since been demolished)

The Borken (Westf) station is the current end point of the operated section of the Winterswijk – Gelsenkirchen-Bismarck railway . It is served every hour by the regional express RE 14 "Der Borkener".

Historically, Borken was one of the most important railway junctions in the Münsterland. This is where the Baumberbahn lines met with the Winterswijk – Gelsenkirchen-Bismarck railway line, which today is only operated in the south . In addition, Borken was the southern end of the northern runway . Connections existed so u. a. to Bocholt, Coesfeld, Ahaus and Winterswijk.

In addition to the train station in the Borken urban area, there is another train station in the Marbeck district , which also connects the neighboring community of Heiden.

The railway stations Burlo, Weseke, Gemen and Rhedebrugge were also located on the disused routes.

Road traffic

Borken receives the most important traffic connections through the B 70 in north-south direction and the B 67 in east-west direction. Both federal roads bypass the city as bypass roads. The next motorway junction is twelve kilometers east of the federal motorway 31 .

Bicycle traffic

Borken is connected to numerous long-distance cycle routes, including the Netherlands, as well as the themed routes 100 Castles Route , agri cultura route, Westmünsterland route and the Hohe Mark Route Nature Park.

air traffic

The nearest commercial airports are Niederrhein Airport (around 70 kilometers away), Düsseldorf Airport (around 82 kilometers away) and Münster / Osnabrück Airport (around 83 kilometers away). Borken himself owns a small airfield .

Economy and Supply

Borken city center is home to two shopping centers, one is the Kuhm Center and the other is the Vennehof. But there are also many small shops.

education

Vocational schools

General education schools

High School

  • Vocational high schools:
    • Business high school;
    • Technical high school specializing in engineering;
    • High school education and social affairs

University entrance qualification

  • Technical colleges:
    • Social and Health Services (2 years)
    • Economy and Administration (1 year)
    • Technology (1 year):
      • Construction / wood technology
      • Electrical engineering
      • Metal technology
  • Higher vocational schools:
    • Social-and healthcaresystem
    • Economy and Administration (Higher Commercial School)
    • Electrical engineering
    • Metal technology
  • Technical school:
    • Monument maintenance and renovation of old buildings
      • Color / stucco
      • Wood
      • stone

Technical college entrance qualification

  • Vocational schools:
    • Social and Health Services (2 years)
    • Economy and Administration (1 year)
    • (Commercial school upper level)

Secondary school certificate or technical college entrance qualification

  • Vocational school year:
    • economy & Administration and Management
    • Wood technology
    • Metal technology

Gymnasiums:

Realschulen:

  • Nünning-Realschule (Gemen) (expired)
  • Schoenstatt School of Mary
  • Maria Sibylla Merian Secondary School ( Weseke )
  • Evening middle school

Comprehensive schools:

  • Jodocus Nünning Comprehensive School Borken
  • Borken-Raesfeld comprehensive school

Hauptschulen:

  • Duesberg School
  • Remigius School

Primary schools:

  • Astrid Lindgren School (Burlo)
  • Cordula School (Gemen)
  • Engelradingschule ( Marbeck )
  • Johann Walling School
  • Joseph School
  • Montessori primary school
  • Pröbsting School ( Hoxfeld )
  • Remigius Elementary School
  • Roncalli School ( Weseke )

Special schools:

  • Neumühlen School Gemen
  • Erich Kästner School

Reform schools:

Adult education:

University

Kindergartens (sorted by districts)

Bark

  • Ev. Kindergarten Frederike Fliedner
  • Catholic Kindergarten St. Remigius
  • Catholic Kindergarten Nordesch
  • Catholic kindergarten Nünningsweg
  • Catholic Kindergarten Robert-Koch
  • Catholic Kindergarten Johann-Walling
  • Catholic Kindergarten St. Josef
  • DRK kindergarten The playground
  • Montessori children's home
  • KSB day care center Kreisel

Gemen

  • Kath. Kindergarten Sonnenburg
  • Catholic Kindergarten St. Marien
  • DRK Kindergarten Rainbow
  • AWO day care facility for children
  • Dandelion day care center

Borkenwirthe / Burlo

  • Catholic Kindergarten St. Marien
  • DRK Kindergarten Kinderwelt

Marbeck

  • Catholic Kindergarten St. Michael

Rhedebrugge

  • Catholic Kindergarten St. Marien

Weseke

  • Catholic Kindergarten Roncalli
  • Catholic Kindergarten St. Marien

Former garrison town

Again and again, with interruptions, Borken has been a garrison town for smaller units since 1623. From 1837 to 1873 it was the assembly point of the 2nd Battalion of the 1st Westphalian Landwehr Regiment No. 13, which maintained its armory in the city .

armed forces

The internal association badge of the VKK 334 in Borken

With the establishment of the Bundeswehr , the then Member of Parliament for the constituency of Borken and the first defense minister attended Theodor Blank that in January 1956 with the first barracks of the army construction on an area of Höhenzugs The mountains began between Dülmener way and Landwehr. An occupation of around one thousand men was planned. To the north-east of the barracks there was the training area with the glider airfield called “Plans”, which was open to gliding at weekends with the Fliegerberg , a sand dune with a steep slope. Even further at the end of the Dülmener Weg, an ammunition store and the on-site shooting range were built, which were also used by other German and Allied troops and the police.

Although initially the tank regiment 100 provided was the Truppenunterkunft Borken (postal address: Dülmener path 215) to one and a half years of construction in October 1957 with the Fernmeldebataillon 211 and 1959, a so-called "loudspeaker and leaflet-company", the PSK-company 181 , the later PSK Company 100 occupied.

The on-site headquarters were located at Johann-Walling-Strasse 27. She was the contact person for all civil authorities and for the public. In 1966 it was renamed VKK  334. In 1993 the command was dissolved.

The site administration was initially set up at Burloer Strasse 3 in 1958, but moved to Nordring 14 in November 1966, where it remained until it was closed in 1993.

The Wehrbereichverpflegungsamt III , responsible for the area of ​​the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, was also located in the city. The WBVpflA III was responsible for the procurement of food for all soldiers and the storage of storable food, the "basic supplies" of the entire military area. In addition to other warehouses in North Rhine-Westphalia, the halls of two former weaving mills in Borken were also available. The office was relocated in 1993.

In 1962 the Protestant Martin Luther Church was consecrated, which was only made possible for the small community through substantial funds from the defense budget and at the same time served as the local Protestant church.

The battalion was established in 1959 as part of reorganization of the names in Corps Signal Battalion 110 renamed with eight companies and the Training Company 1 / I . In 1964 there were around 1400 soldiers in total; In 1965 the battalion was divided into the telecommunications battalion 110 (company battalion ) with the training company 1 / I and the telecommunications battalion 130 (liaison battalion ) with the training company 5 / I ; immediately beforehand the PSK company had been relocated to Clausthal-Zellerfeld .

On October 21, 1967, the troop accommodation was given the name Hendrik-de-Wynen-Kaserne in a ceremonial act on the occasion of its tenth anniversary . On the evening of the same day a roll call and a march past both battalions took place on the market square.

On May 17, 1971 the telecommunications replenishment and repair company 800 (from 1975 repair company) was set up together with the training center 32/3 and 155. These units belonged to the territorial army .

In 1973 the long-prepared relocation of both telecommunications battalions to Coesfeld in the Freiherr-Vom-Stein barracks took place .

The 7th anti-aircraft gun battalion (H) moved into the vacated barracks and was reclassified to 7th anti-aircraft regiment in 1978 . In the course of the reduction of the Bundeswehr after German reunification, the regiment was reclassified and renamed the anti-tank gun battalion 7 . In 2002 the Gepard weapon systems were withdrawn and the ROLAND weapon systems relocated from Wuppertal. This made it necessary to rename it again to anti-tank missile battalion 7 (H) . At the same time, the light anti-aircraft missile battery 100 (H) was moved from Wuppertal to Borken. These remained here until their dissolution or relocation to Seedorf in 2006.

In March 2007 the barracks were finally cleared and handed over to the city of Borken. The city of Borken has developed the Hendrik-de-Wynen business park from the barracks, which can serve as an example of successful structural change. There is strong demand for the space in the business park and 60% of the space has currently been sold (as of 12/2017).

Personalities

Born in Borken

Associated with bark

Honorary citizen

  • 1902: Wilhelm Bucholtz (* 1830; † 1911), district administrator of the Borken district from 1870 to 1902
  • 1904: Johannes Erpenbeck (* 1831; † 1912), parish dean in Borken from 1869 to 1912
  • 1912: Gustav Mettin (* 1845; † 1922), mayor of the city of Borken from 1876 to 1912
  • 1926: Joseph Bierbaum (* 1868; † 1942)
  • 1929: Stephan von Spee (* 1866; † 1956), district administrator of the Borken district from 1904 to 1931
  • 1958: Ludwig Walters (* 1875; † 1968)
  • 1961: Emil Kubisch (* 1891; † 1971)
  • 1964: Wilhelm Grothues (* 1889; † 1980), pastor of the Christ-König-Congregation in the Gemen district from 1944 to 1968
  • 1976: August Pricking (* 1906; † 1990), provost , parish dean of the St. Remigius parish from 1952 to 1977

Honorary ring bearer

Others

License Plate

Before the municipal reorganization in 1975, only BOR license plates were issued in the then Borken district . Due to the change in the Vehicle Registration Ordinance 2012 and a decision by the District Council in 2012, vehicle owners in the Borken district have been able to choose a BOR, AH or BOH license plate regardless of their place of residence since February 1, 2013 .

Telephone prefixes

In the city usually the area code 02861 applies. In Burlo and Weseke the 02862 applies. In Rhedebrugge the area codes 02865 and 02872 apply. In Hoxfeld the area codes 02861 and 02872 apply.

Web links

Commons : Borken  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Borken  - Travel Guide
Wikisource: Borken  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  2. Kommiesenpatt. (PDF; 2.9 MB) Hiking on customs officers and smugglers' trails across the green border. (No longer available online.) Municipality of Südlohn and Gemeente Winterswijk , 2007, archived from the original on July 24, 2011 ; accessed on March 31, 2011 (bilingual brochure (German / Dutch).). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.geheimoverdegrens.nl
  3. ^ WDR: City of Borken becomes debt-free: The long road to debt-free
  4. Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 95 .
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 312 .
  6. State Returning Officer NRW: Municipal elections 2014, final result for Borken , final result for Borken, (accessed on January 21, 2016).
  7. State Returning Officer NRW: Municipal elections 2014 - final results for Borken
  8. ^ City of Borken, election results 2009
  9. Seal imprint from 1372 ( Memento of the original from May 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ngw.nl
  10. ^ Main statute of the city of Borken. (PDF; 187 kB) Retrieved on February 4, 2013 .
  11. ^ Hartwig Beseler, Niels Gutschow: War fates of German architecture. Volume I: North. Neumünster 1988, pages 394-396.
  12. Individual reports on the preservation of monuments for the years 1974–1976. In: Westfalen, Hefte für Geschichte, Kunst und Volkskunde , Volume 56 (1978), pages 372–375.
  13. In the opinion of the city of Borken, this should fit “harmoniously” into the cityscape. Archive link ( Memento of the original from July 11, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.borken.de
  14. Individual reports on the preservation of monuments for the years 1977–1979. In: Westfalen, Hefte für Geschichte, Kunst und Volkskunde , Volume 62 (1984), page 408.
  15. List of monuments of the city of Borken, residential and commercial buildings under No. A IV 6, online ( Memento of the original from June 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.borken.de
  16. ^ Karl E. Mummenhoff: The secular architecture in the upper monastery of Münster from 1450 to 1650. Münster 1961, page 132.
  17. ^ Dorothea Kluge, Wilfried Hansmann (edit.): Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, North Rhine-Westphalia II, Westphalia. (New edition with supplements) Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1986, page 76.
  18. ^ Münsterland eV: Cycling in Borken | Münsterland eV Tourism. Retrieved June 4, 2017 .
  19. Special supplement of the Borkener Zeitung of October 21, 1967: 10 years Garrison Borken
  20. Dirk Drews: "The Psychological Warfare / Psychological Defense of the Bundeswehr - an educational and journalistic investigation"
  21. ^ Emil Hoffmann: Die Fernmeldetruppe des Heeres , Herford 1978