Campolongo Maggiore

Campolongo Maggiore
Country	Italy
region	Veneto
Metropolitan city	Venice  (VE)
Local name	Campołóngo Magiore
Coordinates	45 ° 20 '  N , 12 ° 3'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 20 '0 "  N , 12 ° 3' 0"  E
surface	23 km²
Residents	10,744 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density	467 inhabitants / km²
Post Code	30010
prefix	049
ISTAT number	027003
Patron saint	Felice and Fortunato
Website	Campolongo Maggiore

Campolongo Maggiore is a municipality with 10,744 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the metropolitan city of Venice in the Veneto region in Italy . It covers an area of ​​23 km².

The place emerged from the communities Liettoli, Bojon and Campolongo, which were united in 1815. The oldest settlement remains go back to the 13th or 12th century BC. BC back.

history

A Bronze Age find, which is in the Soprintendenza Archeologica del Veneto in Padua , proves that people already inhabited the località , i.e. the district Bojon , in the 13th or 12th century BC . It is a 3.3 by 9 cm fibula that was found in an urn . It has an illegible sequence of letters that probably named the manufacturer. The village covered an area of ​​6 hectares , but had to be due to floods in the 9th century BC. To be abandoned. Today it is 1.5 m below the surface of the earth.

Venetians inhabited the area from the 9th to the 2nd centuries . They practiced an intensive cult of the dead, remains are u. a. a bronze circlet, a stone with Venetian writing, but also coins, bronze votive offerings , but also ceramics, which provide evidence of regional trade with the Adriatic , Este and Padua, but also with Greece. Titus Livius reports how 302 BC The son of the Spartan king Cleomenes II (Κλεώνυμος) came to the northern Adriatic and plundered villages there until the Venetians forced him to leave.

In the 2nd century BC Paduans called the Romans to settle the disputes between the local families. They redistributed the land, formed soldiers' holdings and built trenches and roads. In the 4th to 8th centuries, numerous residents fled to the lagoon in order to escape the battles with the Huns , Goths , Lombards , Hungarians and Saracens .

In 897 King Berengar I gave the town of Campolongo to the Bishop of Padua Pietro II, including his possessions and rights, whereby economic use is to be considered here. The village belonged to a curtis , an estate called Sacco or Saccisica . In the 11th century Ugo, the Count of Padua, gave the village to the monastery of San Cipriano on Murano .

Belonging to Padua meant that after 1205 a Podestà was used from there . The place became one of the scenes of the fighting between Venice and Padua.

Even if he did not belong to Venice , he was strongly affected by its politics. To prevent the lagoon from silting up , Venice diverted the Brenta between 1488 and 1507 and the Brenta Nuovo or Brentone was created , which diverted the river from Dolo to Conche . But this turned out to be extremely dangerous for Bojon and Corte, so that in 1610 the Brenta Nuovissimo was created.

Until the completion of the work by the Austrians in 1858, when the Cunetta was built, the area was flooded again and again. In 1791 the disintegration in the Vasi district silted up the Cornio . In the following century five major floods occurred; the worst happened in 1882, when the water stayed in the fields from August to October. The area was also affected by the severe flooding of 1966.

In 1806 Napoleon made the small communities Liettoli, Bojon and Campolongo into communes of the Brenta department (today the province of Padua ), but as early as 1807 they were added to the Adria department (today the province of Venice ).

Location of the place in the southwest of the metropolitan city of Venice

In 1815, with the assignment to the Austrian Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia , the three municipalities were united to form the municipality of Campolongo Maggiore. In 1867, the municipality of Campolongo received royal permission to officially rename itself Campolongo Maggiore , a name that was in use as early as 1815. In 1831 it had 2,662 inhabitants. But many of them emigrated in the face of poverty, especially to North America. In 1870 there were two windmills in the village, but they only milled for the village's own needs. Only small quantities were exported. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Socialist Party founded in Genoa in 1902 was able to win a majority in many cases, and in Campolongo too, 42% of the voters in 1919 voted for the socialists.

Apparently there was local resistance at the beginning of fascist rule, so that Mussolini himself felt compelled on November 24, 1926 to instruct the prefect of Venice to punish the arsonists of Campolongo particularly severely. During the late fascist period, three groups operated on the lower Brenta, in a flat, very clear and therefore very dangerous area for partisans. One of them, the communist 1st Brigade Gramsci , operated in small groups in the area between Codevigo, Strà and Chioggia on the instructions of the Garibaldi Brigade in Padua . The municipality of Campolongo Maggiore also belonged to their territory.

literature

• F. Giacomello: Campolongo Maggiore e il suo comune , Padua 1910.
• AL Coccato: Campolongo Maggiore: profilo storico di una comunità , Comune di Campolongo Maggiore 1990.
• AL Coccato: Campolongo Maggiore dall'unità d'Italia al secondo dopoguerra 1866-1960. Amministratori, Villici, Migranti, Soldati , Comune di Campolongo Maggiore 2012.

Web links

• Comune di Campolongo Maggiore

Remarks

1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
2. ↑ Bianca Maria Scarfi (Ed.): Studi di archeologia della X regio in ricordo di Michele Tombolani , 1994, p. 27, note 21.
3. ↑ A picture can be found here: Girolamo Zampieri: Bronzi antichi del Museo archeologico di Padova , L'erma di Bretschneider, 2000, p. 137.
4. ↑ Giancarlo Andenna : La signoria ecclesiastica nell'Italia settentrionale , in: Chiesa e mondo feudale nei secoli X - XII , Atti della dodicesima Settimana internazionale di studi, Milan 1995, pp. 111–147, here: p. 117.
5. ↑ This is what Giacopo Salomonio means: Agri patavini inscriptiones sacrae, et prophanae , Padua 1696, p. 20.
6. ↑ Scritti raccolti e pubblicati dalla Società d'incoraggiamento per la Provincia di Padova , Padua: Sicca undated , p. CLXXXVIII mentions one such for the year 1276.
7. ↑ Royal Decree of July 21, 1867, edited in: Collezione delle leggi ed atti del governo del regno d'Italia , Anno 1867, Stamperia governativa, Naples 1867, n. 2837, p. 323f.
8. ^ Giornale di Venezia, July 17, 1815.
9. ^ Alberto Errera: Storia e statistica delle industrie venete e accenni al loro avvenire , Venice 1870, p. 558.
10. ^ Gazzetta di Venezia, November 18, 1919. Overall: Antonio Lazzarini: Vita sociale e religiosa nel Padovano agli inizi del Novecento , Rome 1978.
11. ^ Giovanni Sale: Fascismo e Vaticano prima della concialiazione. Popolari, chierici e camerati , Volume 2, Milan: Editoriale Jaca Book, 2007, p. 391.
12. ↑ Memoria resistente: la lotta partigiana a Venezia e provincia nel ricordo , published by the Istituto veneziano per la storia della Resistenza e della società contemporanea, Venice 2005, p. 117.