Civitella in Val di Chiana

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Civitella in Val di Chiana
coat of arms
Civitella in Val di Chiana (Italy)
Civitella in Val di Chiana
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Arezzo  (AR)
Coordinates 43 ° 24 '  N , 11 ° 46'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 24 '19 "  N , 11 ° 46' 14"  E
height 280  m slm
surface 100.4 km²
Residents 8,932 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 89 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 52041
prefix 0575
ISTAT number 051016
Popular name Civitellini
Patron saint San Bartolomeo (August 24th)
Website Civitella in Val di Chiana
Civitella in Val di Chiana
Civitella in Val di Chiana

Civitella in Val di Chiana is an Italian municipality with 8932 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in Tuscany and belongs to the province of Arezzo . The city is a member of Cittàslow , a movement founded in Italy in 1999 to slow down and improve the quality of life in cities.

geography

Location of Civitella in Val di Chiana in the province of Arezzo

The place extends over around 100 km². It is located about 15 km southwest of the provincial capital Arezzo and 65 km southeast of the regional capital Florence between the Ambergris and Chiana valleys . The place is in the climatic classification of Italian communities in zone E, 2 269 GG. The municipality on the Arno is located on the northern boundary of the municipality (2 km), other important bodies of water are the Torrenti Leprone (8 of 17 km in the municipality), Lota (4 of 11 km in the municipality) and Trove (4 of 13 km in the municipality).

The districts include Albergo (286 m, approx. 300 inhabitants), Badia al Pino (town hall seat , 280 m, approx. 1100 inhabitants), Ciggiano (359 m, approx. 500 inhabitants), Oliveto (370 m, approx. 30 inhabitants ), Pieve al Toppo (248 m, approx. 1500 inhabitants), Pieve a Maiano (292 m, approx. 200 inhabitants), Tegoleto (265 m, approx. 1200 inhabitants), Tuori (333 m, approx. 140 inhabitants) and Viciomaggio (278 m, approx. 900 inhabitants). The eponymous place Civitella is 185 m and has around 1800 inhabitants.

The neighboring municipalities are Arezzo , Bucine , Laterina Pergine Valdarno and Monte San Savino .

history

The first settlements at the place emerged at the time of the Etruscans , they were followed by the Romans . The castle (Rocca) was built in Lombard times. After the year 1000, the area went to the Bishop of Arezzo as a feudal system . After the victory of the Guelphs in the Battle of Campaldino near Poppi in 1289, the Signoria from Florence took control of the place. The same happened in 1338 when Arezzo lost its independence to Florence. In the conflict between Siena and Florence, the place was besieged in 1554 by Piero Strozzi , but not captured. The present municipality was established in 1774 as part of the territorial reform of Pietro Leopoldo .

After Italy entered the war in June 1940, the fascist regime set up an internment camp ( campo di concentramento ) in Civitella della Chiana . It was located in the Villa Oliveto , a country house in a remote district. The house had many shortcomings; lack of water in summer, precarious hygienic conditions, insufficient medical care and overcrowding, poor nutrition and finally bedbugs. At first, foreign Jews from Germany and Austria , England and India were housed there; Yugoslavs joined in April 1941, followed by Anglo-Libyan Jews a year later.

Through the Swiss legation in Rome, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the British Foreign Office intervened several times with the Italian authorities in order to improve the conditions of internment.

In February 1944 the Anglo-Libyan Jews were led away by an SS department and in May 1944 deported to Bergen-Belsen via the Fossoli transit camp .

On June 29, 1944, German soldiers from the “Hermann Göring” division shot and killed 250 civilians, including women and children, in the Civitella massacre in Val di Chiana, Cornia and San Pancrazio . 212 victims were counted in Civitella, and a further 38 in the nearby towns of San Pancrazio and Cornia . This act of terrorism was a retaliation for a partisan attack on four Wehrmacht soldiers in an inn eleven days earlier in Montaltuzzo , which was followed by a gun battle on the German side had given three dead and one seriously injured. On June 29, 2014, Federal Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier, together with Italian Foreign Minister Federica Mogherini, remembered the victims of the massacre 70 years ago by attending a memorial with a wreath-laying ceremony in Civitella. He also spoke Italian in his memorial address on responsibility, crime and reconciliation.

Attractions

The church of Santa Maria Assunta in the center of the village
The church of San Bartolomeo in the Badia al Pino district
The Rocca di Civitella castle in Val di Chiana
  • Chiesa di Santa Maria , main church in the town center. It was mentioned in the 11th century and restored in 1765. Extensions took place in 1875 and 1934. Suffered considerable damage after being bombed in 1944. Contains the work Crocifissione tra i Santi Niccolò di Bari, Giovanni Battista, Caterina e Maria Maddalena (1602) by Teofilo Torri .
  • Porta Aretina , city gate from the 13th century, was destroyed in World War II.
  • Porta Senese , city gate from the 13th century, still there today.
  • Chiesa di Sant'Andrea Apostolo , church on the road from Civitella to Oliveto.
  • Chiesa dei SS. Giorgio e Lucia , church in the Tuori district from the 13th century.
  • Chiesa di Santa Maria Assunta , also called Pieve a Maiano . Was mentioned around the year 1000.
  • Badia al Pino , also called Chiesa di San Bartolomeo , church in the fortified town center of the Badia al Pino district. The abbey was first mentioned in 1039 and was active until 1446. The current church was restored in the 18th century and equipped with a small campanile in 1861 . Today's stone campanile dates from 1928.
  • Oratorio della Madonna di Mercatale in the Località Mercatale near Badia al Pino. Originated in the 1630s.
  • Pieve al Toppo , Pieve in the district of the same name. Was destroyed in 1500 and replaced with the Oratorio della Madonna del Conforto .
  • Villa Oliveto in the district of Oliveto, historical house and later concentration camp , today Centro di documentazione sui campi di concentramento ("Documentation Center of the Concentration Camps").

Events

Theatrical performances and exhibitions take place in the castle ruins throughout the year, starting in February with an amateur theater competition and ending in November with the presentation of the new olive oil .

traffic

  • The A1 / E 35 autostrada runs from Milan to Naples through the municipality . The closest junction is Arezzo , it is on the municipal border with Arezzo.

Community partnerships

Sons and daughters of the church

literature

Web links

Commons : Civitella in Val di Chiana  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ↑ comuni-italiani.it on Civitella in Val di Chiana , accessed on November 6, 2017 (Italian)
  3. ↑ tuttitalia.it on Civitella in Val di Chiana , accessed on November 6, 2017 (Italian)
  4. ↑ a b Emanuele Repetti: CIVITELLA DEL VISCONTATO DI AMBRA or CIVITELLA del VESCOVO from the Val d'Ambra e la Val di Chiana.
  5. ↑ Website of the Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), accessed on February 26, 2015 (Italian) (PDF; 330 kB)
  6. ↑ Official website of the Sistema Informativo Ambientale della Regione Toscana (SIRA) on the waters in Civitella in Val di Chiana , accessed on February 26, 2015 (Italian)
  7. ↑ Official website of ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on 2001 population figures in the Province of Arezzo, accessed on February 19, 2015 (Italian)
  8. ↑ a b Website of the municipality of Civitella in Val di Chiana on the history of the place , accessed on February 26, 2015 (Italian)
  9. ↑ Carlo Spartaco Capogreco: I Campi del duce. L'internamento civile nell'Italia fascista (1940-1943). Torino 2004 (Einaudi), pp. 184-185; Klaus Voigt: Refuge on Revocation. Exile in Italy 1933–1945. (Second volume), Stuttgart 1993 (Klett-Cotta), pp. 74-75
  10. ↑ Forgiveness for the unforgivable in: Nordbayerischer Kurier from 24./25. August 2019, p. 5.
  11. ↑ Michael Geyer : It must therefore be taken with rapid and draconian measures . In: Hannes Heer , Klaus Neumann (ed.): War of destruction. Crimes of the Wehrmacht from 1941 to 1944 . Hamburg 1995, ISBN 3-930908-04-2 , pp. 208 ff .
  12. ↑ a b c Stefano Casciu (ed.): I Luoghi della Fede: Cortona e la Valdichiana aretina.
  13. ↑ Website of the municipality of Civitella in Val di Chiana for Porta Aretina , accessed on March 13, 2015 (Italian)
  14. ↑ Website of the municipality of Civitella in Val di Chiana for Porta Senese , accessed on March 13, 2015 (Italian)
  15. ↑ Website of the municipality of Civitella in Val di Chiana zu Tuori , accessed on March 13, 2015 (Italian)
  16. ↑ Website of the municipality of Civitella in Val di Chiana for Pieve a Maiano , accessed on March 13, 2015 (Italian)
  17. ↑ Website of the municipality of Civitella in Val di Chiana on Pieve al Toppo , accessed on March 2, 2015 (Italian)
  18. ^ Website of the municipality of Kämpfelbach , accessed on February 26, 2015