Coyote fur

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  • Two coyote skins from different origins
  • Canis latrans (Canada) fur skin.jpg
  • Coyote fur skin.jpg

The coyote fur is the fur of the North American coyote ( coyote ), also known as the North American prairie wolf or steppe wolf. It is the type of wolf and jackal mainly used for furs . Up until the 1970s, fur was mostly not differentiated from the actual wolf in retail; it was also offered as wolf fur . The Mexican word coyote , the common spelling in the fur trade, means something like mixed breed. It is native to much of North America from Alaska to Costa Rica, with the greatest population density in the south-central United States, including Texas. After the entry into force of the Washington Convention on the Protection of Species with its different levels of protection, a differentiation between coyote skins and skins of closely related wolves became necessary and important in trade (in Germany valid since June 20, 1976, Austria January 27, 1982).

hide

The fur is about 95 to 125 cm long including the tail, so it is smaller than the actual wolf and larger than a fox. The shaggy, reddish-yellowish-gray fur, sometimes veiled with black hair on the back, is thick and quite long-haired, while the belly hair is silky. The under hair is short and soft, so that the guard hairs lie flat, in wolves with upright hair. The throat and chest are white. The mane is very long-haired and wedge-shaped, unlike the main crescent shape of the wolf. In addition, the snout is narrower, the ears are larger and the legs are shorter than those of the wolf. The large, bushy and coarse-haired tail is also typical. Hair quality is best in late autumn.

The durability coefficient for coyote fur is given as 60 to 70 percent. When the fur animals are divided into the hair fineness classes silky, fine, medium-fine, coarse and hard, the coyote hair is classified as coarse.

trade

The first statistical figures on fur attacks, separated according to wolves and coyotes, are available from the 20th century, but cannot be determined with complete certainty. Due to the close zoological relationship, some species overlap in appearance, so that even today it is difficult in individual cases to make the allocation necessary for the export permit. There are no exact criteria with which, in case of doubt, the skins of young wolves, for example, can be distinguished from coyote skins.

Average qualities were referred to in American trade as South-Western Wolves in order to avoid the name Coyote, which was not regarded as a promotional product, even if they did not really all come from this part of the country. The small amount of very silky furs was sorted into the assortments of western wolves anyway.

The Hudson's Bay Company breaks down the skins according to origin, type and size:

  • Canada : YF (York Fort, approximately Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba) and NW (Northwest), USA
  • Types : I, I & No. 2, I & II, II, III, IV, damaged
  • Sizes : exexlarge, exlarge, large, medium, small

It is delivered in the form of a bag (peeled off round, closed at the back), with the hair facing outwards, or cut open.

processing

  • Galonierter Coyote jacket
    (Pabst, Bielefeld 1986)

  • Coyote paw vest (Düsseldorf 2014)

Coyote skins are processed into blankets, good qualities also into trimmings and hood trimmings as well as jackets and (men's) coats, formerly also into fur necklaces (scarves in the shape of animals).

The long-haired, wedge-shaped mane is a difficulty in processing fur. Letting them fall off is not easy and often makes them unprofitable. When it became possible in the 1920s to bleach and dye the skins in the fur finishing department , this gave them an appearance similar to that of badger skins and the mane no longer had to be removed. The processing technique is otherwise the same as that of wolf skins, fox skins and similar long-haired pelts .

In 1989, Helmut Lang stated the approximate material consumption at that time for a women's coat in size 40 with up to 14 coyote skins.

Numbers and facts

(Older quantities in particular do not differentiate between coyote and wolf skins.) Detailed trade figures on North American tobacco products can be found at

  • Emil Brass : From the realm of fur. Publishing house of the "Neue Pelzwaren-Zeitung and Kürschner-Zeitung", Berlin 1911
  • Emil Brass: From the realm of fur. 2nd edition, published by the "Neue Pelzwaren-Zeitung and Kürschner-Zeitung", Berlin 1925
  • Emil Brass: From the realm of fur (1911) in the internet archive : http://archive.org/details/ausdemreichederp00bras
  • Milan Novak et al, Ministry of Natural Resources: Wild furbearer management and conservation in North America. Ontario 1987 (English). ISBN 0-7778-6086-4
  • Milan Novak et al., Ministry of Natural Resources: Furbearer Harvests in North America, 1600-1984. Appendix to the above Wild furbearer management and conservation in North America. Ontario 1987 (English). ISBN 0-7729-3564-5
  • 1982/83 , during this season there were 508,171 registered coyote pelts in Canada and the USA.
  • Around 1988 there were around 600,000 pelts a year, around 60,000 of them from Canada. While the wolf population decreased more and more, one noticed a steady increase in the coyotes at this time.

See also

Web links

Commons : Coyote skins  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Clothing made from wolf and coyote skins  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Wolf and Coyote Skin Processing  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files
Commons : Promotion of wolf and coyote pelts  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Coyote fur  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

annotation

  1. ↑ The specified comparative values ​​( coefficients ) are the result of comparative tests by furriers and tobacco shops with regard to the degree of apparent wear and tear. The figures are not unambiguous; in addition to the subjective observations of durability in practice, there are also influences from fur dressing and fur finishing as well as numerous other factors in each individual case . More precise information could only be determined on a scientific basis. The division was made in steps of 10 percent each. The most durable types of fur according to practical experience were set to 100 percent.
  2. ↑ In addition, the author notes (slightly modified formally): “The number of individual hides to be provided for a specific fur product can by no means be specified in advance. The decisive factors for this are primarily the prevailing fashion aspects, such as width, length, collar and sleeve shapes. The information can at best provide clues, especially since the original size of the hide is subject to changes due to more or less strong influences during conservation and fur finishing , but also within the skinning process. The numbers also allow conclusions to be drawn about the different body sizes of the animals. "

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Milan Novak et al., Ministry of Natural Resources: Wild furbearer management and conservation in North America . Ontario 1987; Pp. 345-359. ISBN 0-7778-6086-4
  2. ↑ Paul Schöps; H. Brauckhoff, Stuttgart; K. Häse, Leipzig, Richard König , Frankfurt / Main; W. Straube-Daiber, Stuttgart: The durability coefficients of fur skins in Das Pelzgewerbe , Volume XV, New Series, 1964, No. 2, Hermelin Verlag Dr. Paul Schöps, Berlin, Frankfurt / Main, Leipzig, Vienna, pp. 56–58
  3. ↑ Paul Schöps, Kurt Häse: The fineness of the hair - the fineness classes . In: Das Pelzgewerbe Vol. VI / New Series, 1955 No. 2, Hermelin-Verlag Dr. Paul Schöps, Leipzig, Berlin, Frankfurt am Main, pp. 39–40 Note: fine (partly silky); medium fine (partly fine); coarser (medium fine to coarse).
  4. ^ A b c Milan Novak et al., Ministry of Natural Resources: Furbearer Harvests in North America, 1600-1984 , Supplement to Wild furbearer management and conservation in North America . Ontario 1987, pp. 60-67. ISBN 0-7729-3564-5
  5. ^ A b Max Bachrach: Fur. A Practical Treatise. Prentice-Hall, Inc., New York 1936. p. 236 (Eng.)
  6. ^ A b c Christian Franke / Johanna Kroll: Jury Fränkel ´s Rauchwaren-Handbuch 1988/89 . 10. revised and supplemented new edition, Rifra-Verlag Murrhardt, p. 129
  7. ↑ Fritz Schmidt: The book of the fur animals and fur . FC Mayer Verlag, Munich 1970, p. 316
  8. ↑ Helmut Lang: Fur . Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt am Main 1989, pp. 39–40, ISBN 3-87150-314-2 . .