Cryptococcus
| Cryptococcus | ||||||||||||
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Cryptococcus neoformans |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Cryptococcus | ||||||||||||
| Vuill. |
Cryptococcus is a genus of widespread yeast from the Filobasidiaceae family. Cryptococci , as the German name is, form round, 3–6 micrometer- sized sprout cells. The genus includes the cryptococcosis pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans , Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus bacillisporus .
Cryptococcus is a genus that includes the anamorphic (only asexually reproducing) forms of the genus Filobasidiella . Representatives whose teleomorphic (sexual) form does not belong to Filobasidiella are now placed in other genera.
Cryptococcus is the world's most common causative agent of invasive fungal infections , collectively known as cryptococcosis , and is associated with one of the highest mortality rates . Cryptococcal infections that require treatment are treated with antimycotics (in particular fluconazole , amphotericin B , 5-flucytosine or itraconazole ). Every year, an estimated one million people worldwide develop cryptococcal meningitis , of which 625,000 patients die from it. Cryptococci are the most common pathogen causing meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa .
Types (selection)
There are 70 recognized species, and not all of them cause cryptococcosis.
- Cryptococcus adeliensis
- Cryptococcus aerius (Saito) Nann.
- Cryptococcus albidus (Saito) CE Skinner;
- Cryptococcus albidosimilis
- Cryptococcus antarcticus
- Cryptococcus aquaticus (EBG Jones & Slooff) Rodr. Me. & Weijman
- Cryptococcus ater
- Cryptococcus bhutanensis
- Cryptococcus consortionis
- Cryptococcus curvatus (Diddens & Lodder) Golubev
- Cryptococcus diffluens (Zach) Lodder & Kreger-van Rij
- Cryptococcus dimennae Fell & Phaff
- Cryptococcus flavus (Saito) Á. Fonseca, Boekhout & Fell
- Cryptococcus gastricus rice oil & di Menna
- Cryptococcus gattii (Vanbreus. & Takashio) Kwon-Chung & Boekhout
- Cryptococcus laurentii (Kuff.) CE Skinner
- Cryptococcus luteolus (Saito) CE Skinner
- Cryptococcus macerans (Freder.) Phaff & Fell
- Cryptococcus magnus (Lodder & Kreger-van Rij) Baptist & Kurtzman
- Cryptococcus neoformans (San Felice) Vuill.
- Cryptococcus oeirensis Á. Fonseca, Scorzetti & Fell
- Cryptococcus phenolicus
- Cryptococcus podzolicus (Babeva & Reshetova) Golubev
- Cryptococcus skinneri Phaff & Carmo Souza
- Cryptococcus terreus Di Menna
- Cryptococcus victoriae MJ Montes et al.
- Cryptococcus vishniacci
swell
- Cryptococcus Genus Record in the Index Fungorum
Individual evidence
- ^ Marianne Abele-Horn: Antimicrobial Therapy. Decision support for the treatment and prophylaxis of infectious diseases. With the collaboration of Werner Heinz, Hartwig Klinker, Johann Schurz and August Stich, 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Peter Wiehl, Marburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-927219-14-4 , p. 283 f.
- ↑ Jeremy N. Day, Tran TH Chau, Marcel Wolbers, Pham P. Mai, Nguyen T. Dung, Nguyen H. Mai, Nguyen H. Phu, Ho D. Nghia, Nguyen D. Phong, Cao Q. Thai, Le H. Thai, Ly V. Chuong, Dinh X. Sinh, Van A. Duong, Thu N. Hoang, Pham T. Diep, James I. Campbell, Tran PM Sieu, Stephen G. Baker, Nguyen VV Chau, Tran T. Hien , David G. Lalloo, Jeremy J. Farrar: Combination Antifungal Therapy for Cryptococcal Meningitis . New England Journal of Medicine 2013, Volume 368, Issue 14 April 4, 2013, pages 1291-1302, doi : 10.1056 / NEJMoa1110404 .
- ↑ Álvaro Fonseca, Teun Boekhout, Jack W. Fell: Chapter 138: Cryptococcus Vuillemin (1901), in: Cletus Kurtzman, JW Fell, Teun Boekhout (eds.): " The Yeasts A Taxonomic Study, Volume 1 "; Elsevier, BV 2010: p. 1661 ff .; ISBN 978-0-444-52149-1 . On-line