Dietrich von Nieheim

Dietrich von Nieheim also Niem or Nyem (* around 1345 in Brakel in the Principality of Paderborn ; † March 22, 1418 in Maastricht ) was a historian at the Curia in Rome , Bishop of Verden and German representative at the Council of Constance .

Life

From a young age Dietrich went to Rome, where he indeed Jura studied, but never earned a degree. Nevertheless, he worked as a lawyer at the papal court in Avignon from around 1370 and returned to Rome in 1376. There Pope Urban VI introduced him . at the papal chancellery , where he was responsible, among other things, for compiling the chancellery rules . Urban took him to visit Charles of Naples in 1383 . He got into all sorts of difficulties, which caused him to leave the Curia in 1385. The fact that he had obtained lucrative benefices from various Rhenish dioceses may have played a role .

In 1395 Pope Boniface IX named him . for the Diocese of Verden . There he encountered considerable resistance, especially from the cathedral chapter , which had already opposed his appointment. In 1398 he resigned as Bishop of Verden . In 1399, the cleric loyal to Rome campaigned for the Pope to appoint the Lombard Bertrando d'Arvazzano as Bishop of Paderborn , but this failed because of the resistance of the estates in 1400. In 1401 Boniface withdrew the diocese again. Dietrich returned to the papal chancellery in Rome, where he is mentioned again in 1403.

In the meantime he had helped found a German hospice ( Collegio Teutonico di Santa Maria dell'Anima ) in Rome and started a chronicle of which only fragments have survived.

Its main importance, however, lies in its participation in the controversy over the papal schism , in which he intervened with numerous writings from 1399 at the latest. Above all, Dietrich spoke out decisively against simony and for a renewed unity of the church. In May 1408 he accompanied Pope Gregory XII. to Lucca . When this did not agree to mediation, he joined the Roman and Avignoneser cardinals in Pisa and became a supporter of the newly elected Alexander V and his successor John XXIII. and returned to the Curia. There he was very much in favor of a general council and took part in the Council of Constance in the German nation.

In Philology Nieheim is mentioned as his correspondence (1411) with a native of Hanover Johannes Schele - who later became Bishop of Lübeck (1420-1439) - the oldest known mention of Eulenspiegel contains -Schrift.

literature

• State writings of the later Middle Ages 5.1: Historical-political writings of Dietrich von Nieheim. Part 1: Viridarium imperatorum et regum Romanorum. Edited by Alphons Lhotsky and Karl Pivec. Stuttgart 1956 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version )
• State writings of the later Middle Ages 5,2: Historical-political writings of Dietrich von Nieheim. Part 2: Historie de gestis Romanorum principum. Cronica. Gesta Karoli Magni imperatoris. Edited by Katharina Colberg and Joachim Leuschner (†). Stuttgart 1980 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version )
• Georg Erler: Dietrich von Nieheim . Leipzig 1887 and new edition: Dietrich von Nieheim: (theodericus de Nyem): his life and his writings, Scientia-Verlag, 1977 ISBN 3-511-00874-3
• Achim Funder: The imperial idea and canon law: Dietrich von Nieheim as an example. Herder, 1993, ISBN 3-451-23504-8
• Theodor Lindner:  Dietrich von Nieheim . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, pp. 671-673.
• Hermann Heimpel :  Dietrich von Nieheim. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 691 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Paul Tschackert :  Dietrich von Nieheim (Niem, Nyem) . In: Realencyklopadie for Protestant Theology and Church (RE). 3. Edition. Volume 4, Hinrichs, Leipzig 1898, pp. 651-653.
• Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz :  DIETRICH von Niem (Nieheim). In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 1299-1300.
• Ferdinand Graf: The question of indulgence and Dietrich von Nieheim. Univ., Diss., Freiburg im Breisgau 1923.
• Hermann Heimpel: Theodoricus de Niem. Dialogue on Union and Reform of the Church 1410. With a second version from 1415. (Sources on the intellectual history of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, vol. 3), Leipzig 1933.
• Willem Johannes Maria Mulder: Dietrich von Nieheim. Zijne opvatting van het concilie en zijne kroniek. Univ., Diss., Leiden 1907.
• Karl Pivec, Hermann Heimpel: New Research on Dietrich von Niem. (News from the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class, 1951.4), Göttingen 1951.
• Heinrich Volbert Sauerland: The life of Dietrich von Nieheim together with an overview of the writings. Univ., Diss., Göttingen 1875.

Web links

• Literature by and about Dietrich von Nieheim in the catalog of the German National Library
• Theodericus de Niem in the repertory "Historical Sources of the German Middle Ages"

predecessor	Office	successor
Otto II of Braunschweig-Lüneburg	Bishop of Verden 1395–1398	Konrad II of Vechta