Documentary Khamatowitsch Umarow

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Dokka Umarov (also Dokka Umarov or Doka Umarov , Russian Доку Хаматович Умаров or Докка Умаров , Дока Умаров * 13. April 1964 in Charsenoi , Rajon Shatoi , Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic , Soviet Union ; † 7. September 2013 ) was an Islamist Chechen fighters .

Umarov was initially the Vice-President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (underground government of the Chechen separatists) and, after the death of Abdul Halim Sadulayev on June 17, 2006, automatically moved to the presidential post, which he held until he became “ Emir of the Caucasus Emirates ”declared. Umarov fought against the Russian armed forces in the last ten years of his life and is said to have had hundreds of Chechen fighters under his command.

biography

Origin and studies

Umarov was born on April 13, 1964 in the southern Chechen village of Kharsenoi. He came from the same clan as Arbi Barajew and the former Chechen foreign minister Ilyas Akhmadov . Umarow studied in Grozny and has a degree in civil engineering.

First Chechen War

When the First Chechen War broke out in 1994, Umarov was in Moscow. He later stated that as a patriot he felt obliged to return to his homeland and fight. It is controversial whether Umarov then fought on the south-western front under Akhmed Sakayev or Ruslan Gelayev . He commanded the so-called Bors Speznas Battalion, which was subsequently expanded into a regiment. Umarov was promoted to the rank of brigadier general . For his services he was awarded the "Hero of the Nation" award.

As a result of the Agreement of Khasavyurt , which ended the First Chechen War in 1996, and the election of Aslan Maskhadov as president in January 1997, Umarov was named by Maskhadov as Chairman of the Chechen Security Council. In this capacity, he put down an armed conflict between moderates and radicals in Maskhadov's followers. Shortly thereafter, the Security Council was dissolved and Umarov lost his post.

Second Chechnya War

Commander in Grozny and on the Southwest Front

In the Second Chechen War , which began in 1999 , he was field commander in besieged Grozny, where he suffered a serious facial injury in an outbreak in the winter of 2000. In 2002 he became the commandant of the Southwest Front. He was soon wounded again and had to undergo treatment in a hospital abroad. It is reported that the FSB took Umarov's father, wife and one-year-old son hostage in 2005. His brothers and their families had been taken hostage a few months earlier. Umarov's wife and son were released; there is no information about the whereabouts of his father and brothers. At the end of 2005 Umarov's sister was kidnapped in Urus-Martan , but released after protests by the local population. In May 2005 Umarov was injured by an anti-personnel mine .

Presidency of the Chechen underground government

Umarov was initially the vice-president of the underground government of the Chechen separatists and was automatically promoted to the post of president after the death of Abdul Halim Sadulayev on June 17, 2006. In his first public statements after his inauguration as president, Umarov announced that he would widen the conflict into "many regions of Russia" and praised his predecessor Sadulayev . He also indicated that he wanted to set up a special unit to fight Chechnya’s “most heinous traitors”, apparently referring to the official Chechen government loyal to Moscow . He stressed that the Chechen rebels would only attack the military and police in Russia.

Umarov was seen as an ally of Shamil Basayev and was suspected of being involved in or leading an attack on neighboring Ingushetia in 2004. The Russian daily Izvestia reported that Umarov was identified by several hostages while occupying a school in Beslan in north Ossetia . In an interview with Andrei Babizki from Radio Liberty in June 2005, Umarov denied involvement in such acts of terrorism and criticized Basayev for his order to attack the school in Beslan. Russian authorities also accuse Umarov of organizing numerous kidnappings with subsequent ransom demands. On June 27, 2006, he appointed Shamil Basayev vice-president of the underground government (Chechen Republic of Ichkeria) and at the same time dismissed him from his position as deputy head of government. Basayev was killed by Russian special forces in July 2006. According to Chechen rebels, however, it is said to have been an accident.

Proclamation of the Caucasus emirate

Flag of the Caucasus Emirates

On October 31, 2007 Umarov proclaimed the " Caucasus Emirate " and proclaimed himself its emir . In contrast to the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, the emirate includes all Caucasian republics of Russia except Adygeja , as well as parts of the Stavropol region . The proclamation of the emirate was rejected by several leading members of the Chechen separatist movement (among them "Prime Minister" Akhmed Sakayev ). Umarow was no longer recognized by them as “President”. The proclaimed emirate should also include areas in Turkey .

In a video published in early August 2010, Umarov resigned as "Emir of the Caucasian Emirate" and named Aslambek Wadalow as his successor. Just a few days later, another video surfaced in which Umarov withdrew his announcement of his resignation and stated that he would continue to exercise his office.

terrorist attacks

At the end of March 2010, Umarov assumed responsibility for the terrorist attacks in Moscow , which two days earlier had claimed 39 lives. Umarov also confessed to the terrorist attack at Moscow Domodedovo Airport in January 2011, in which at least 36 people were killed.

In March 2011, Umarov was placed on the United Nations terrorist list by the UN Security Council's Committee on Sanctions against Al-Qaeda . As a result, all UN nations are obliged to impose punitive measures against Umarov, in particular to block his bank accounts and to prohibit entry and any assistance. On May 26, 2011, the US government put the Umarov-led Caucasian Emirate group on the US-led list of terrorist organizations and offered a bounty of up to five million dollars for clues leading to the capture of Umarov.

In a video message from July 2013, Umarov threatened attacks on the Winter Olympics in Sochi .

death

On March 18, 2014, the Kavkaz Center , a Chechen jihadist news agency, reported on the death of Doku Umarov. Ali Abu Mohammed was named as his successor. The death of Umarov was confirmed on April 8, 2014 by the head of the Russian domestic secret service FSB , Alexander Bortnikow , without information on the time of death. According to later information from the Kavkaz Center, Umarov suffered poisoning in August 2013 as a result of consuming food that campaigners had bought on the roadside. Umarov died a month later on the morning of September 7, 2013 as a result of the poisoning. He was married and had six children.

literature

  • Constitutional Protection Report 2006, Ed .: Federal Ministry of the Interior, Berlin 2007, ISSN  0177-0357 , p. 257 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Liz Fuller: Insurgency Commanders Divulge Details Of Umarov's Death, Radio Free Europe, July 23, 2014 (English); Retrieved October 5, 2014
  2. ↑ http://ria.ru/spravka/20071031/86077954.html
  3. ↑ http://www.aktuell.ru/russland/menschen/kurzbiographie/doku_umarow_172.html
  4. ↑ http://www.chechenpress.co.uk/english/news/2006/06/23/01.shtml ( Memento of July 7, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ http://www.profil.at/ausland/wolgograd-terror-russland-the-making-doku-umarow-371224
  6. ↑ http://chechenpress.info/events/2007/12/24/01.shtml
  7. ↑ Chechen rebel leader Umarov resigns in: AFP of August 2, 2010
  8. ^ Spiegel Online : Rebel leader Umarow does not resign from August 4, 2010
  9. ↑ Chechen rebel chief admits to attacks in Moscow. Spiegel online , March 31, 2010, accessed February 8, 2011 .
  10. ↑ Chechens confess to the attack in Moscow mdr.de, February 8, 2011
  11. ^ The Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee ( Memento of March 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  12. ↑ UN Security Council puts Chechen warlord Doku Umarov on terrorist list
  13. ↑ US recognizes Imarat Kavkaz as terrorist organization - Dept of State
  14. ↑ USA put millions in bounty on rebel leader Umarov ( Memento from April 4, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  15. ^ Friedrich Schmidt: Volgograd instead of Sochi? In: FAZ.net . December 29, 2013, accessed October 13, 2018 .
  16. ↑ Report: Chechen rebel leader documentary Umarov is dead. CNN , March 18, 2014, accessed March 18, 2014 .
  17. ↑ Russia's "Bin Laden" is dead - terrorist chief Umarov is said to have died as a "martyr". Huffington Post Germany , April 8, 2014, accessed April 9, 2014 .
  18. ↑ http://www.chechenpress.co.uk/english/news/2006/06/23/01.shtml ( Memento of July 7, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Umarow, documentary Chamatowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Умаров, Доку Хаматович (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Chechen guerrilla fighter and terrorist
DATE OF BIRTH April 13, 1964
PLACE OF BIRTH Charsenoi , Shatoi Raion , Checheno-Ingushetia , Soviet Union
DATE OF DEATH September 7, 2013