Eduard Ludwig Alexander

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Eduard Ludwig Alexander

Eduard Ludwig Alexander , also Eduard Louis Alexander or Eduard Ludwig , (born March 14, 1881 in Essen , † March 1, 1945 ) was a German lawyer and member of the KPD in the Reichstag .

Life and career

Stumbling block in front of the house, Cimbernstrasse 13, in Berlin-Nikolassee

Eduard Ludwig Alexander was born as the son of the businessman Louis Alexander and his wife Louise and attended the Royal High School at Burgplatz in Essen , where he graduated from high school in 1900 . He then studied in Berlin at the Humboldt University , Freiburg at the Albert Ludwigs University and Lausanne at the Université de Lausanne Jura and received his doctorate in Leipzig in 1907 . After completing his studies, he first worked for an insurance company in Magdeburg. From 1911 Alexander worked as a lawyer and legal advisor in Berlin and opened a law firm. In the late summer of 1914 he was drafted into military service. However, his severe shortsightedness led to his being taken out of service.

In 1917 he was involved in the founding of the Spartakusbund and, like his wife Gertrud, became a member of the Communist Party of Germany after it was founded in 1918/1919. Between 1921 and 1925 he was a city ​​councilor in Berlin and, under the pseudonym Eduard Ludwig, head of the press service of the KPD and editor of the business section of the Red Flag . In May 1928 Alexander was elected to the Reichstag and from then on acted as the legal policy spokesman for the KPD parliamentary group. However, as a so-called conciliator, he did not get beyond this electoral term. At Pentecost 1923 he and his wife took part in the Marxist Work Week for the establishment of the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research . In 1927 he was a co-founder of the Marxist Workers' School (MASCH) , at which Hermann Duncker , Jürgen Kuczynski , Georg Lukács and Karl August Wittfogel taught, among others .

In August 1931 he was in a runoff election for mayor of the city Boizenburg selected. With a majority of 1,752 votes, he prevailed against the NSDAP candidate Max Zeitler (1898–1949). However, Alexander was unable to take up his post because the election was declared invalid due to alleged formal errors. The National Socialists won the next election. He then went back to Berlin to work in the Loewenberg law firm. In addition, he became involved in the Red Aid Germany from then on . In 1933 the National Socialists withdrew his license to practice as a lawyer and notary because of his Jewish descent . His work for the Red Aid was also prohibited.

After the professional ban, Eduard Ludwig Alexander took on a job as an arbitrator for commercial matters in the commercial agency of the USSR , which he carried out until 1940.

On August 22, 1944, Eduard Ludwig Alexander was arrested by the Gestapo in the "Grid" operation and interned in Sachsenhausen concentration camp . Eduard Alexander was murdered on March 1, 1945 while being transported to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp .

family

In 1902 he met Gertrud Gaudin (1882–1967), who was studying art in Berlin at the time. In 1908 Eduard Ludwig Alexander and Gertrud Gaudin married; the married Gertrud Alexander later became known as a communist politician, author, publicist and cultural critic and in 1925 she moved to Moscow with her children Karl (* 1912) and Susanne (* 1917). The marriage ended in divorce in 1928.

On November 9, 1929 Eduard Ludwig Alexander married the doctor Maria Seyring (1895–1991) in Düsseldorf . His second wife was also a staunch communist who wrote, among other things, for the women's supplement to the Rote Fahne. The marriage had three children.

Fonts

  • Eduard Ludwig: Changes in German foreign trade. In: The International - Journal for the Practice and Theory of Marxism, Born 1922. Volume 3. New Critique Verlag , Frankfurt 1971, pp. 88–94.
  • Eduard Ludwig: Gold, Money and Paper. A reply to Vargas' monetary theory. In: The International - Journal for Practice and Theory of Marxism, Born in 1923. Volume 4. New Critique Verlag, Frankfurt 1971, pp. 329–344, pp. 370–380 ( digitized version ).

Memorial culture

Memorial plaques on the Reichstag

In Berlin (Scheidemannstrasse / Platz der Republik, near the Reichstag ), one of the 96 memorial plaques for members of the Reichstag murdered by the Nazi regime has been commemorating Eduard Ludwig Alexander since 1992 . In front of the house at 13 Cimbernstrasse in Berlin, a stumbling block reminds of the fate of Eduard Alexander.

The city of Boizenburg erected a memorial stone in honor of Eduard Ludwig Alexander on the site of the VVN memorial for the victims of fascism. In the early 1980s, a street (Dr. Alexander-Strasse) was named after him.

literature

  • Erwin Dickhoff: Essen heads - who was what? Bracht, Essen 1985, ISBN 3-87034-037-1 .
  • H. Mayer: Eduard Alexander - an important economic theorist of the KPD. In: Contributions to the history of the labor movement. Vol. 27, No. 1, 1985, p. 65 ff.
  • Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst : German communists. Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. Dietz, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-320-02044-7 , pp. 58–59. On-line
  • Uwe Wieben: Eduard Alexander. Biographical sketch of an almost forgotten politician of the Weimar Republic. Verlag am Park Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-89793-166-4 .
  • Uwe Wieben: Streiflichter from Boizenburg and the surrounding area: 51 historical miniatures. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2016, ISBN 978-3-96023-002-1 , pp. 116–119.

Web links

Commons : Eduard Ludwig Alexander  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Title of the dissertation : “ The acquisition of possession and ownership of the stored goods by arranging the warehouse receipt to be ordered. "
  2. ↑ Michael Buddrus, Sigrid Fritzlar: The cities of Mecklenburg in the Third Reich: a handbook for urban development under National Socialism. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2011, p. 130 f.
  3. ↑ a b Uwe Wieben: Eduard Alexander: from Reichstag member to mayor in Boizenburg: biographical sketch of an almost forgotten politician of the Weimar Republic . Verlag Am Park, Berlin 2008, p. 56-67 .
  4. ↑ Uwe Wieben: Eduard Alexander: from Reichstag member to mayor in Boizenburg: biographical sketch of an almost forgotten politician of the Weimar Republic . Verlag Am Park, Berlin 2008, p. 64 .
  5. ↑ Uwe Wieben: Eduard Alexander: from Reichstag member to mayor in Boizenburg: biographical sketch of an almost forgotten politician of the Weimar Republic . Verlag Am Park, Berlin 2008, p. 37 .
  6. ↑ See information about Gertrud Alexander on ddr-biografien.de (accessed on August 21, 2009).
  7. ↑ Uwe Wieben: Eduard Alexander: from Reichstag member to mayor in Boizenburg: biographical sketch of an almost forgotten politician of the Weimar Republic . Verlag Am Park, Berlin 2008, p. 42 .
personal data
SURNAME Alexander, Eduard Ludwig
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Alexander, Eduard Louis; Alexander, Eduard; Ludwig, Eduard (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (KPD), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH March 14, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH eat
DATE OF DEATH March 1, 1945
Place of death Bergen (District of Celle)