Epidemiological surveillance

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Under epidemiological monitoring and surveillance , the systematic and continuous monitoring of diseases and deaths is understood in the population. The word surveillance comes from French and means surveillance and then came back into German usage via the American language, especially in the medical field.

For infectious diseases

Surveillance is used by epidemiologists in particular for infectious diseases . Doctors at the Robert Koch Institute observe numerous infectious diseases.

A special area is hospital surveillance, in which certain resistant pathogens are to be recorded, monitored and evaluated in the individual clinics on the basis of Section 23 of the Infection Protection Act. However, the recording of hospital infections by the hygiene teams at the clinics is also part of hospital surveillance.

As part of the German Antibiotic Resistance Strategy (DART 2020), a concept has been in place since 2008 to reduce the further development and spread of antibiotic resistance. Among other things, the Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (ARS) project is carried out by the Robert Koch Institute in cooperation with the Charité in Berlin and the Antibiotic Consumption Surveillance (AVS) project. The main aim of this project is to support the hospitals in the implementation of the antibiotic consumption surveillance according to § 23 Abs. 4, Satz 2, Infektionsschutzgesetz.

Surveillance means that diseases must first be recognized and recorded. In a second step, the data obtained are evaluated and finally it is considered which measures can be taken to contain or prevent an infectious disease. In the case of infectious diseases in which microbiological examinations are not carried out regularly by the doctors, e.g. B. Influenza , surveillance even includes the establishment of an investigation network, as is the case with the Influenza Working Group.

In addition, Section 13 and Section 14 of the Infection Protection Act are also in accordance Sentinel surveys conducted in which epidiomiologische data are obtained as part of the health care. Sentinel surveys are a surveillance tool.

For non-communicable diseases

Cancer registries are used, among other things, to monitor the spread of cancer. Continuous monitoring of mortality in order to detect periods of excess mortality is also referred to as monitoring.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Epidemiological pages on HIV / AIDS. Robert Koch Institute, accessed on July 21, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Federal Ministry of Health: BMG report DART 2020
  3. ↑ Homepage Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (ARS). Robert Koch Institute, accessed on September 14, 2014 .
  4. ↑ Homepage AVS - project plan. Robert Koch Institute, January 18, 2016, accessed on July 21, 2016 .

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German Infection Protection Act

  • Bales, Baumann: Commentary on the Infection Protection Act, ISBN 3-17-017613-7
  • Ralf Reintjes, Alexander Krämer: Epidemiological Surveillance. In: Alexander Krämer, Ralf Reintjes (Hrsg.): Infection epidemiology: methods, modern surveillance, mathematical models, global public health. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2003, pp. 57-72. ISBN 978-3-642-62731-6 Google Books

Web links