Evangelical Church Nieder-Weisel

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Church from the East
Interior with stucco ceiling

The Evangelical Church in Nieder-Weisel , a district of Butzbach in the Wetterau district in Central Hesse , is a Romanesque hall church that dates back to the 12th century and was given its current shape between 1613 and 1616. The church tower from the 12th century has been preserved. The remarkable furnishings include a stucco ceiling and pulpit in the Renaissance style . The Hessian cultural monument characterizes the townscape.

history

In 1989 old wall remains of a previous church were discovered, the oldest parts of which date back to the Carolingian period in the 8th century. Since that time there is evidence of a church in Nieder-Weisel. Vessels from the area of ​​the old foundations were assigned to the Merovingian period , a piece of a jug from the older Mayen goods , which indicate a settlement around 400.

There is evidence of a plebane for 1309 and a parish for 1319. Originally, the church was probably dedicated to St. Gertrude or St. Nicholas . In church terms, the place was assigned to the dean's office Friedberg in the archdeaconate of St. Maria ad Gradus in the Archdiocese of Mainz . Nieder-Weisel owned the Griedel and Ostheim branches . Ostheim was raised to an independent parish church in 1343 and separated from Nieder-Weisel, and Griedel a year later. In the course of the Reformation , the parish changed to the Evangelical Lutheran denomination in 1556. From 1606 to 1637 Nieder-Weisel was reformed under Count Hermann Adolf von Solms-Hohensolms and Lutheran again until 1648, in order to finally stay with the Reformed Confession after the Thirty Years War when the place belonged again to Solms.

In 1613 (the year on the surrounding wall) the small Romanesque building was extended to the north and east and completed in 1616 with the stucco ceiling. Philipp Reinhard the Younger Count zu Solms had the spire renewed in 1655. After his death, the count was buried on February 22nd, 1666 in the small crypt under the altar.

After a tower wall collapsed, it was re-listed in 1820. Further renovations of the tower followed in 1888 and 1894 after a fire in the back alley. The tower clock from 1911 was replaced in 1978 by an electric pointer drive and the master clock in 1988 by a radio clock. An exterior renovation followed in 1980/1981, and an interior renovation in 1989.

The parish today has around 1400 members and belongs to the deanery Wetterau to the provost of Upper Hesse in the Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau .

architecture

Tower from the south

The east-facing hall church on a rectangular floor plan is raised on an artificial hill in the center of the village from unplastered, hewn basalt ashlars from the Vogelsberg. While the south wall still consists partly of Romanesque masonry, the rest was extended in 1545 or 1613. The north wall of a previous church ran in line with the north wall of the tower. The east side of the Romanesque church ended where the middle window is today, as can be seen from the masonry.

The ship is a gable roof covered and has in the East a late Gothic gables from the mid-16th century with a small two-lane tracery windows with pointed arches. It is illuminated on the south side through three large and one small western pointed arched window. The north side has three large and the east side two narrow pointed arches. A small Romanesque arched window is walled up on the south side. The church is accessed through two round arched south portals and a west door, which is marked with the year 1545. The arched north portal was walled up in 1981. Under the altar there is a 2 meter deep crypt on an approximately square floor plan (2.80 × 2.60 meters), which is accessible via a staircase under a sandstone slab in the center aisle. In the 17th and 18th centuries, mainly pastors and bailiffs were buried here, including pastor Johann Georg Hisgen (* August 30, 1707; † June 2, 1769), father of Daniel Hisgen .

The mighty tower in the southwest from the 12th century, which has moved out of alignment, was originally defensive. The bricked-up tower shaft on a square floor plan with corner blocks is structured by pilaster strips and arched friezes, which point to the Worms building school, and illuminated through small, narrow, arched windows. On the upper floor, which previously served as a bell-room, there are four arcades on the north and south sides . The late Gothic wooden structure inside has largely been preserved. Presumably, the first floor originally served as a tower chapel, which was consecrated to St. Michael , similar to the church in Großen-Buseck . In the east apse the remains of a round arched window can be seen, which afforded a view of the main altar. Of the four figural gargoyles (lioness with cubs) that served as frightening figures, only the one on the southwest corner has been completely preserved. The baroque helmet construction is slated from the year 1655. An octagon, which alternates between the clock faces of the tower clock and two arched sound openings, merges into a curved Welsche hood , above which a slim, eight-sided lantern rises. It is crowned by a gilded copper knob (0.64 meters in diameter) and a dragon-shaped weather vane, renewed in 1980, bearing the year 1655 and the letters PRGZSJW (Philipp Reinhardt Graf zu Solms in der Wetterau), and a gilded star.

Furnishing

Stucco ceiling
View to the northeast
Renaissance pulpit from 1616
Baptismal font

The interior is dominated by a flat, magnificent stucco ceiling from 1616 by an unknown plasterer with the master's mark CW. Geometric figures structure the ceiling, which is divided into three strips by two longitudinal beams . In each of the two outer panels there are nine profiled four-passages with ribbons, tendrils, shells and flowers. The four passes to the northeast and southwest show a pelican, symbol of Christ. In the northwestern Vierpass you can see the Solms double-headed eagle with a count's crown, in the southeast the double-headed imperial eagle with a German royal crown. The middle track has angular and cross-shaped ornaments. A large medallion in the middle bears two polychrome coats of arms from Solms in the otherwise white ceiling and an inscription with the names of the count's donors and builders: “GOTT ALLEIN DIE EHR PHILIPPVS REINHART G ZV SOLMS ELISABETH G VND FRAW ZV SOLMS GEBORNE G ZV WIDT 1616 ". The beams rest on two pink marbled wooden columns with headbands . The three-sided, tiered gallery from the beginning of the 17th century is supported by articulated round columns. Only the south side, on which the pulpit is attached, is empty.

The polygonal, wood-faced Renaissance pulpit from 1616 is structured by pilasters and decorated with fittings and inlays . In the course of the interior renovation in 1989, the layers of paint were removed and the original shape was reconstructed. The profiled cornice wreaths of the pulpit have surrounding friezes with inscriptions from Mal 2.7  LUT . The small sound cover has small tips and is held by a rod with wrought iron tendrils. It bears the scripture from Rom. 1.16  LUT as an inscription . A wooden sacristy is built in behind the pulpit, with coffered panels in the lower area and cross- decked windows in the upper area .

The second, eight-sided, medieval baptismal font was donated to the Order of St. John in 1890 and has been in the Commander's Church since then . The Johanniter then acquired an oval, cup-shaped baptismal font from a farmer Schimpf, who had used it as a cattle trough, and donated it to the parish. The stone of unknown origin may date from the first half of the 17th century. and has been in the church since 1980. It is decorated on the outside with ribbons that cross in oval fields that bear the Hebrew Tetragrammaton on the long sides and the letters "GWME" and "OB" on the short sides. Above and below an inscription is to be read in Gothic letters: “If this jug were full of tears, heavy, filled with the heart, Don't help, what God orders and forgoes must be done. The beautifully decorated little flowers are supposed to be a simile to us. That should grow again. Oh God, let's stand on the right. "

The block altar was created in 1980 based on the model of the altar in the Martinskirche in Ostheim. It stands on a sandstone pedestal and is covered by a sandstone slab over a slope. The lectern from the 1980s shows the four symbols of the evangelists on the tombac front panel . On the south wall hangs a wooden crucifix of the three-nail type .

Two grave monuments, which were erected on the outside wall of the church until 1980, found their new installation location inside, including the epitaph for Pastor Nicolaus Degen († 1732). A bronze plaque on the south side commemorates Karl Sack , son of pastor Hermann Sack. On April 9, 1945, he was killed together with Dietrich Bonhoeffer in the Flossenbürg concentration camp .

organ

Link organ from 1928

The salary of an organist has been proven since 1715, which presupposes the existence of an organ at least since that time. According to a report from 1842, the instrument by an unknown organ builder comprised seven stops on a manual and attached pedal. A new building was agreed with Johann Georg Förster in 1847, which was completed and approved in 1850 with a rectangular, neo-Gothic prospectus and three pointed arches. In 1928, the Giengen organ manufacturer Gebr. Link built a new organ behind a free pipe prospect with a pneumatic cone chest . The instrument has 20 registers with the following disposition :

I Manual C-g 3
Principal 8th'
Dumped 8th'
Dolce 8th'
Gamba 8th'
octave 4 ′
Fifth flute 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
flute 2 ′
Mixture IV-V 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
II Manual C-g 3
Concert flute 8th'
Viola alta 8th'
Aeoline 8th'
Vox coelestis 8th'
Gemshorn 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
Piccolo 2 ′
Harmonica aetherea III – IV 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Pedal C – f 1
Sub bass 16 ′
Dacked bass 16 ′
Octave bass 8th'
violoncello 8th'
  • Pairing :
    • Normal coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
    • Super octave coupling: II / I, II / II
  • Playing aids : roller , tutti, louvre rocker II. Manual

Peal

The church tower houses a triple bell. The oldest bell dates from 1516. A small bell was cast in 1695 by Johann Jakob Rincker (Asslar), a large bell in 1816 by Wilhelm Rincker in Leun. During the First World War, the large and small bells were delivered for armament purposes. The parish replaced them in 1920, had to deliver them again in 1941 during World War II and bought new Rincker bells after the war.

No.
  		Casting year
  		Foundry, casting location
  		Chime
  		inscription
  		image
 
1 1949 Gebr. Rincker , Sinn it 1 “ THROUGH DEBT AFTER BATTLE NOISE AND DEATH / THROUGH ERRORS WASTE AND WAR EMERGENCY / SOUND MY CALL FROM LOCATION / O COUNTRY COUNTRY COUNTRY HEAR THE WORD OF THE LORD! " Evangelical parish church (Nieder-Weisel) bells 07.JPG
2 1949 Gebr. Rincker, Sinn g 1 “ AFTER A DEEP FALL / MY SOUND CLOSE / AGAIN TO GOD'S GLORY! " Evangelical parish church (Nieder-Weisel) bells 09.JPG
3 1516 Steffan von Bingen, Frankfurt am Main c 2 " My name is Maria glock, in the eer of God I invite, Stefan zu Frankfurt gos me " Evangelical parish church (Nieder-Weisel) bells 05.JPG

literature

  • Rudolf Adamy: Art monuments in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. Province of Upper Hesse. Friedberg district. Arnold Bergstraesser, Darmstadt 1895, pp. 222-224 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments . Hesse II. Darmstadt administrative district. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. 3. Edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03117-3 , p. 624.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt. (Hassia sacra; 5). Self-published, Darmstadt 1931.
  • Heinz grass mower: The Evangelical Parish Church in Nieder-Weisel. A brief introduction to building history and the present. Church council of the Evangelical Church Community Nieder-Weisel, Nieder-Weisel 2004.
  • Friedrich Klar: History of the village of Nieder-Weisel in the Wetterau. Gratzfeld, Butzbach 1953.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.); Heinz Wionski (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hessen. Wetteraukreis II. Teilbd. 1. Bad Nauheim to Florstadt. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-528-06227-4 , pp. 439-440.
  • Gail Schunk-Larrabee, Winfried Schunk: The parish church Nieder-Weisel. In: Butzbacher Geschichtsblätter. No. 56, November 24, 1989, pp. 29-30.
  • 1200 years of Nieder-Weisel. 772-1972. 50 years of the Musikverein, 1922–1972. Festschrift. Nieder-Weisel 1972.
  • Gail and Winfried Schunk: Chronicle Butzbach. Timeline for Butzbach and its districts. 2nd Edition. History Association for Butzbach and the Surrounding Area, Butzbach 2007, ISBN 978-3-9809778-3-8 .

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Church Nieder-Weisel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Ev. Parish Church In: DenkXweb, online edition of Kulturdenkmäler in Hessen , accessed on May 13, 2015.
  2. ↑ Grasmower: The Evangelical Parish Church in Nieder-Weisel. 2004, pp. 6-7.
  3. ↑ Schunk-Larrabee, Winfried Schunk: The parish church Nieder-Weisel. 1989, p. 30.
  4. ↑ Nieder-Weisel. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on May 13, 2015 .
  5. ↑ a b c d Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Hessen II. 2008, p. 624.
  6. ↑ a b c Clear: History of the village of Nieder-Weisel in the Wetterau. 1953, p. 171.
  7. ^ Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hessian-Nassau area. (= Writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 ). NG Elwert, Marburg 1937, ND 1984, pp. 29-30.
  8. ↑ Schunk: Chronicle of Butzbach. 2007, p. 15.
  9. ↑ Schunk: Chronicle of Butzbach. 2007, p. 24.
  10. ↑ Sure: History of the village of Nieder-Weisel in the Wetterau. 1953, p. 184.
  11. ↑ Sure: History of the village of Nieder-Weisel in the Wetterau. 1953, p. 172.
  12. ↑ a b 1200 years of Nieder-Weisel. 1972, p. 71.
  13. ↑ Grasmower: The Evangelical Parish Church in Nieder-Weisel. 2004, p. 6.
  14. ↑ Internet presence in the Evangelical Dean's Office Wetterau , accessed on March 26, 2018.
  15. ↑ Grasmower: The Evangelical Parish Church in Nieder-Weisel. 2004, p. 11.
  16. ↑ 1200 years of Nieder-Weisel. 1972, p. 73.
  17. ↑ a b Schunk-Larrabee, Winfried Schunk: The parish church Nieder-Weisel. 1989, p. 29.
  18. ^ Adamy: Art monuments in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. 1895, p. 223 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  19. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Hesse : Cultural monuments in Hesse. Wetteraukreis II. 1999, p. 440.
  20. ↑ Grasmower: The Evangelical Parish Church in Nieder-Weisel. 2004, p. 24.
  21. ↑ Sure: History of the village of Nieder-Weisel in the Wetterau. 1953, p. 176.
  22. ↑ Grasmower: The Evangelical Parish Church in Nieder-Weisel. 2004, p. 29.
  23. ↑ Schunk: Chronicle of Butzbach. 2007, p. 56.
  24. ^ Franz Bösken , Hermann Fischer : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3: Former province of Upper Hesse (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history 29.2 . Part 2: M – Z ). Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1331-5 , p. 669-670 .
  25. ↑ Jörg Poettgen: Possible sources of error in the transmission of historical bells using the example of early bells from the workshops of Mabilon, Petit and Rincker . In: Deutsches Glockenmuseum (Hrsg.): Yearbook for Glockenkunde . tape 23/24 (2011/2012) , ISSN  0938-6998 , p. 134 .
  26. ↑ Sure: History of the village of Nieder-Weisel in the Wetterau. 1953, pp. 177-179.

Coordinates: 50 ° 24 ′ 55.3 "  N , 8 ° 40 ′ 54.8"  E