Francisella tularensis
| Francisella tularensis | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Colonies of Francisella tularensis |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Francisella tularensis | ||||||||||||
| ( McCoy & Chapin 1912) Dorofe'ev 1947 |
Francisella tularensis is a bacterium that causes tularemia ("rabbit plague"). The species name is derived from Tulare County (California), in which the pathogen was firstdetectedin ground squirrels in 1911, the generic name of Edward Francis , a US doctor who in 1922 transferred the connection between pathogen and disease and the way it was transmitted to humans Golden eye braids recognized.
properties
F. tularensis is a small, gram-negative rod of 0.2 × 0.2-0.7 µm in size, which often also has a coccoid shape. It is obligatory aerobic and immobile. The bacterium is catalase and oxidase negative. F. tularensis is high in lipids.
The culture is demanding. The pathogen does not grow on MacConkey agar ; cysteine or cystine must be added to blood agar . Isolates from infected animals form a capsule . In the outside world, the bacterium can survive for up to four months.
Reporting requirement
In Germany, direct or indirect evidence of Francisella tularensis must be reported by name in accordance with Section 7 of the Infection Protection Act , provided the evidence indicates an acute infection.
In Switzerland, the positive laboratory analytical finding of is Francisella tularensis notifiable and that after the Epidemics Act (EpG) in connection with the epidemic Regulation and Annex 3 of the Regulation of EDI on the reporting of observations of communicable diseases of man .
literature
- PJ Quinn et al .: Veterinary Microbiology and Microbial Disease . John Wiley & Sons, 2nd ed. 2011, ISBN 9781118251164 , p. 309.
- Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR): Francisella tularensis infections caused by food are unlikely , accessed on August 16, 2018