Gabriele Krone-Schmalz

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Gabriele Krone-Schmalz (2018)

Gabriele Krone-Schmalz (* 8. November 1949 in Lam , then county Kötzting ( Lower Bavaria ), as Gabriele Krone) is a German doctorate historian , free journalist , publicist and audiobook spokeswoman . She was Moscow - correspondent and presenter of the ARD . Since December 2000 she has been a member of the Steering Committee in the Petersburg Dialogue , and since 2011 Professor of Television and Journalism at the University of Applied Sciences Europe (formerly Business and Information Technology School ) in Iserlohn .

Life

Gabriele Krone grew up in Lam / Lower Bavaria on the border with Czechoslovakia and lived there for a time with her grandparents. Her family later moved to Cologne , where her father had become concertmaster of the Cologne Radio Symphony Orchestra with the NWDR in 1946 . As part of the deep imprint of her parents' home, she emphasized the differentiation of thought and unconventionality of her father.

From 1956 to 1960, she then attended elementary school in Lam and in Cologne, that of nuns led Mädchengymnasium Liebfrauenschule Cologne . There she passed her Abitur in the spring of 1968.

After three months of freelance work at WDR Cologne , she began studying Eastern European , Middle and Modern History, Slavic Studies and political science at the University of Cologne in the same year . In 1975/1976 she worked as a research assistant at the University of Düsseldorf and received a lectureship in Russian reading for historians . In 1977 she received her PhD in history and political science. Her dissertation is devoted to the topic From the Kiev Empire to the Cold War . Concepts of Russians and Russia on school radio after 1945 . The focus is on the analysis of typical prejudices and clichés in the period from 1945 to the 1970s.

From 1976 to 1992 she mainly worked for various radio and television programs for West German Radio . In November 1976 she began her traineeship at WDR, where she was then employed as an editor and reporter at the Cologne Tagesschau and Tagesthemen editorial team in May 1978. In addition, she moderated radio and television programs such as Between Rhine and Weser or Here and Today . In the summer of 1980 she worked as a representative in the ARD television studio in New York. In January 1982 she became an editor at Monitor , from January 1984 also host of the talk show Drei vor Mitternacht (WDR).

With Roland Burtsche (1992)

On August 1, 1987, together with Gerd Ruge , she succeeded Lutz Lehmann and Peter Bauer as studio manager at the ARD correspondent station in Moscow . Krone-Schmalz was the first woman in the ARD studio in Moscow at the time . She was also the first German journalist to interview Michael Gorbatschow . Looking back on her work, she emphasized that when she came to Moscow, she had gone her very own way and did not take over the “dissidents as friends of their predecessors”. It was important to her , get to know ordinary people to immerse themselves in the daily life, to understand the people.

She sued the WDR unsuccessfully against the lower salary classification compared to her predecessor, which was perceived as being gender-discriminatory. In August 1991 she returned to Germany for a sabbatical year .

Between 1992 and 1997 she moderated the ARD's Kulturweltspiegel . She has been working as a freelance journalist and author since mid-1992.

In the winter semester 2003/2004 she became a visiting professor at the University of Lübeck, in 2012 she was a member of the University Council of the TU Ilmenau is Since October 2011 she professor of television and journalism at the private college BiTS Iserlohn .

Memberships

  • Krone-Schmalz has been a member of the German steering committee of the Petersburg Dialogue since December 2000.
  • For several years she is involved in HIV -infected orphans in St. Petersburg in the club helping HIV orphans e. V.
  • She is also a member of the PEN Center Germany .

Prizes and awards

Publications on Russia

You just have to believe in Russia (1991)

The book with the subtitle My Moscow Years contains the balance sheet of the perestroika years which Krone-Schmalz experienced as a correspondent. The bestseller was number 2 on the Spiegel list for over a year. It appeared in four editions by 1997. From the 2nd edition there was a supplementary chapter on the events in 1992. The title, a quote from Tyuttschew , expresses the author's hope that the democratic transformation of the Soviet Union will succeed.

What is happening in Russia? (2007)

In her book What's Happening in Russia? (2007), Krone-Schmalz opposes what they consider to be a “distorted image of Russia , which is often strongly determined by emotions and reflexive thought patterns”.

Ingo Petz , in his review of the Süddeutsche Zeitung, compares Krone-Schmalz 'representation with Edward Lucas' "sharp-sighted analysis" in his thematically related publication. Despite his sympathy for Krone-Schmalz's approach to uncovering stereotypes critical of Russia, Petz finds her "undifferentiated, generalized and anecdotal analysis" in this field unsatisfactory. In addition, the author tends to "manipulative simplification (example: coming to terms with the past) and to diluting relativization". According to Krone-Schmalz, for example, Gazprom does not only have political intentions if the company increases gas prices for Ukraine or Belarus. "Sure, but the state giant also has decidedly political intentions - and that is precisely what is cause for criticism." She also believes with the former dissident Boris Yefsejew in an oppositional "intellectual front of Russia", which the reviewer considers to be a pious wish that is unrealistic. The presentation is euphemistic, jittery of history and overly one-dimensional.

Alexander Schrepfer-Proskurjakov, on the other hand, works in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung in a comparison with Dirk Sager's powder keg of Russia that Krone-Schmalz plausibly shows, among other things, the "distorted optics of perception" of comparable events in Russia and in the West. She faces the challenge of "showing open and subtle, conscious and unconscious falsifications in the current image of Russia" and does not shy away from key issues that are often burdened with negative emotions, such as Putin's 'guided democracy', energy policy, freedom of the press and the Chechnya conflict. Its main objective is to prevent a new cold war. A comparison with Sager's critical assessment of Putin's reign with regard to the return to autocratic forms of rule and the pursuit of a world power role shows how multifaceted reality is and how different the assessment of Russia is depending on the perspective of the beholder.

Understanding Russia (2015)

In 2015 Krone-Schmalz published her work Understanding Russia. The struggle for Ukraine and the arrogance of the West. In it, she characterizes Russian policy in the Ukraine conflict as "largely defensive"; In their opinion, the European Union and the USA bear the main responsibility for the conflict because they would both have disregarded Russia's security interests through an expansion policy perceived by Krone-Schmalz. It also assumes that the political situation in Ukraine has been massively influenced from outside in order to bring about a regime change.

In his review, Joscha Schmierer attests to Krone-Schmalz that individual points of her book are important for a balanced debate, but criticizes her argumentation regarding the events in Crimea in spring 2014. In view of the “tendency to disregard all political circumstances that could make an unequivocal condemnation of Russian politics difficult, "the book by Krone-Schmalz is an" antidote against overly decisive moral armament ". However, Krone-Schmalz's argument would be dangerous if she treated the annexation of the "original Russian" Crimea as "self-defense under time pressure".

Franziska Augstein is of the opinion that even after years of preoccupation with the Putin system , Krone-Schmalz can not explain how Putin rules and what the Putin system is, but one can learn a lot from the book. She particularly emphasizes Krone-Schmalz's account of Putin's career, NATO's eastward expansion and the association agreement with Ukraine .

In her review, Sonja Margolina accuses the author of equating the whole of Russia with the "secret service oligarchy" in the Kremlin, in other words ignoring the opposition, overriding the domestic political motives for Putin's access to Ukraine to a large extent, and giving only limited empathy for the victims show and downplay the annexation of Crimea as secession . Because of her selective and apodictic pro-Putin interpretations and her lack of “equidistance”, Margolina accuses the author of promoting “ collaboration ” with Putin and willingly supporting the “warmonger Putin”.

Winfried Dolderer attested to the author on Deutschlandfunk that her publication reflected the majority opinion of the population, which could not be found in the analyzes of political commentators. However, Dolderer criticizes Krone-Schmalz's argumentation regarding the events in Crimea in spring 2014 and poses the rhetorical question of what would become of a European state order in which the following statement by Krone-Schmalz would become socially acceptable: “What Putin has done is no land grabbing, but self-defense under time pressure ”.

The author's goal of empathizing with the political leadership of Russia is considered by the Göttingen Slavic Studies professor Matthias Freise to be inadmissible. Looking at the official Russian reporting on Ukraine, instead of understanding, he expects outrage: “[What] is there to understand? [...] I know what Soviet propaganda was, but it did not even come close to this mixture of lies and agitation, which, whatever your opinion of Ukraine, my interlocutors in Russia reject. "()

Jochen Bittner considers the demand for gratitude towards Russia because of the reunification to be "about as absurd as thanking a hostage-taker for having released a relative." Bittner sees "a lot of noteworthy" in her book, but considers it strange that "They make no distinction between a Russia that believed and believe in coercion and an EU that relies on free choice." In this “equidistance” to two conflicting parties, he sees a “peg in the eye of the beholder”.

Reinhard Veser ( FAZ ) cannot understand the author's demonization thesis. She mixes things up, obscures connections and cultivates the selective perception that she accuses the German media of. In her portrayal of the Ukraine conflict she omitted important facts and even surpassed Russian propaganda in her falsifying portrayal of the background and motives of the Association Agreement . Its source base is unclear, the only thing that is clear is its tendency to defend Putin instead of understanding Russia.

Katharina Granzin ( TAZ ) is sure that the reader will come to the conclusion after reading that Krone-Schmalz is not a Putin apologist. In spite of "over-committed rhetoric", their major concern is clear, "that a more differentiated point of view returns in the German media (politics is of course much further ahead)."

Ice Age - How Russia Is Demonized and Why It's So Dangerous (2017)

In his detailed analysis in the Huffington Post, Boris Reitschuster comes to the conclusion that Krone-Schmalz's portrayal agrees with patterns of Russian propaganda and is a whitewashing program for Russian President Vladimir Putin, whose rhetoric, thought patterns and lines of argument they largely use share. Krone-Schmalz 'view that there is no clear right or wrong surprisingly coincides with the main goal of Russian propaganda of adjusting the " inner compass " until one can no longer distinguish between black and white. The title itself contains four misleading principles because it implies that Russia is being demonized, that there is a lack of understanding, that Russia is not the same as Putin and that criticism is dangerous.

Typical is the pretense of conclusive evidence through a multitude of facts, facts, lists and quotations and 30 pages of sources. In reality, they are smoke candles , such as the reminder of the special German responsibility towards Russia after the Second World War, that this responsibility cannot excuse Putin's misconduct. For Krone-Schmalz, the West is always to blame and its alleged mistakes serve to justify a dictatorship. Russia is portrayed as a victim who is also subject to things that are not true. With these "argumentative shell tricks" she shift the standards and lead the reader astray.

One of the basic patterns that runs through the book is the relativization, for example the relativization of the annexation of Ukrainian national territory. The book is like an attempt to “justify a violent criminal by only talking about his difficult childhood”. Suggestive questions , the distortion of facts, concealment and distortion are typical of the "Krone-Schmalz Method".

In the end, Reitschuster reports the view that Krone-Schmalz, who likes to stylize itself as a victim, is the beneficiary of Kremlin-related companies.

In his preliminary discussion of the book, Reitschuster had already criticized the "perfidy" of the author's argumentation patterns with which violence and war were de facto justified. "And anyone who justifies violence and war is also guilty of it."

Salli Sallmann on RBB - Kulturradio , on the other hand, takes the view that Krone-Schmalz only criticizes the ideological distortions of the discussion. She does not justify the annexation of Crimea, but rather, looking at the map and looking at history, asks whether Russia's behavior is really expansive and aggressive. They see it more as a defensive defense of their own interests, "for fear of Western, but actually American, encirclement". She criticizes the West's tendency to "ignore everything that disturbs the image of the peaceful West and aggressive Russia". Sallmann emphasizes the special value of the researched information, especially on the advance of NATO and the relationship between armaments spending. Krone-Schmalz emphasized that Europe should shape its policy with Russia according to the principle of mutual benefit and not get involved in the "military escalations that the USA forced".

Arno Renggli from the Luzerner Zeitung also emphasizes the author's view that Russia's foreign policy is defensive and that its situation is characterized by increased vulnerability. In contrast, NATO's strategy is based on "perceiving Russian policy as expansionary and countering it with military strength". The "spiral of escalation" must be ended, in dealing with Russia strength is appropriate, "but combined with a policy of détente that takes the state of the other side seriously". The West must no longer demand immediate democratization from a position of moral superiority. Patience is necessary, as Western values ​​will prevail in the long term and this can be achieved primarily “through cooperation and setting an example”.

Interviews and talk show appearances

Since the Ukraine crisis, Krone-Schmalz has been a frequent interview partner and guest on talk shows, in which she advocates taking Russian interests into account.

An interview with the magazine Zapp (April 16, 2014), in which Krone-Schmalz criticized the reporting of the German media on Russia and Ukraine as one-sided and unprofessional, caused a great response . The contents of the association agreement had not been conveyed, which would have been particularly important with regard to cooperation in security policy, terms such as "Europe" were used in an undifferentiated and imprecise manner, and interests were not mentioned by name. Malice, a lack of respect and subliminal influence determine a large part of the media representations characterized by the friend-foe scheme. After the broadcast of the Zapp contribution, Boris Reitschuster criticized in an open letter to the Zapp employees that there was no reference to the fact that Krone-Schmalz had a conflict of interest because of its work for “Kremlin-related companies”.

Group picture in the WDR show "Maischberger" on March 21, 2018

In February 2015, Krone-Schmalz appeared on the talk show Menschen bei Maischberger and was of the opinion, among other things, that the European Union had caused the war in Ukraine by negotiating an association agreement with Ukraine and thus provoking Russia. She explained the annexation of Crimea by saying that Russia was afraid of losing its access to the Black Sea Fleet . When asked what Russia was doing in Ukraine, she said that Russia had no plans to destabilize Ukraine and that, in her view, Russia was not emanating from aggression. Your theses were heavily criticized by fellow participants Arnulf Baring and Werner Schulz . Baring accused her of distorting reality, and Schulz criticized her for making false claims. Krone-Schmalz wanted to leave the studio, but was persuaded by the presenter to stay.

In 2018 she spoke at an IALANA media-critical conference .

Positions and reception

Criticism of the image of Russia in the German media

Since she was a student, Krone-Schmalz has been critically examining the German image of Russia and reporting on Russia in Germany , more recently, for example, on the occasion of reporting on the Ukraine crisis. She is also one of the signatories of the call for a new policy of détente . According to the Focus , Krone-Schmalz worked for “Kremlin-related companies, including Wingas , a stake in Gazprom .” In 2006, the publicist Jürgen Roth accused her of acting as an “independent journalist” even though she “came from companies operated by Doing business with the Kremlin profit, pay “let. Krone-Schmalz described the allegations as deliberate damage to its reputation, but did not deny paid work for Russian state-owned companies and their subsidiaries.

Gemma Pörzgen sees a reason for the controversy of Krone-Schmalz in the German "Russia Community" in the fact that she has not reported from Russia for years, but criticizes her own industry and defends the Kremlin's policies with publicity. According to Pörzgen, her own image of Russia originates from the time of the Soviet Union and has little to do with today's Russian reality, according to Pörzgen, the accusation of many colleagues. Pörzgen limits this view, however, by the fact that studies like Krone-Schmalz come to the conclusion that reporting on Russia is one-sided and is too strongly based on stereotypes. "The fear and threat factors played too much of a role in reporting on Russia, is a common allegation."

Crimean crisis

On the question of the annexation of Crimea, Krone-Schmalz emphasized that the inviolability of borders and the right of peoples to self-determination are conflicting principles of international law , both of which are equally important. The application of these principles is inconsistent. Krone-Schmalz cites the 2006 independence referendum in Montenegro to prove that the peoples' right to self-determination was given priority here, but not in Crimea. In her argumentation, Krone-Schmalz is also based on the statements of the criminal lawyer and legal philosopher Reinhard Merkel , who also rejects the term annexation , but condemns the Russian military presence in Crimea.

Autobiography (2009)

In her autobiography "Privatsache", which appeared at the age of 60, she published a collection of episodic private reports and essayistic accounts on political and journalistic topics. The chapters mostly have short noun headings such as "Der Sinn", "Die 68er", "Die Pose", "Neo-Nazi Michael Kühnen", Against the Zeitgeist "," A question of honor ". Eva Fischl sums it up:" She goes with us without makeup the journalism of today into judgment and reveals personal defeats. "In the opinion of Stefan Corssen, the core of the book is a series of essays that are woven into the text, from school essays to visions of the future.

Private

Gabriele Krone-Schmalz has been married to the former head of a construction company Lothar Schmalz since 1983 , with whom she runs a holiday complex in Moraira (Spain).

Publications

Film documentaries
  • Show of strength - everyday women's life in the Soviet Union
  • KGB crimes and glasnost

There are numerous other publications by Krone-Schmalz, especially on topics relating to the Soviet Union and Russia .

Web links

Commons : Gabriele Krone-Schmalz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eva Fischl: Krone-Schmalz: My love for the Bavarian Forest - PNP, 2009.
  2. ^ Gabriele Krone-Schmalz - Munzinger biography. Retrieved March 16, 2019 .
  3. ^ Journalist Gabriele Krone-Schmalz - "The Cold War is still in people's heads". Retrieved on March 16, 2019 (German).
  4. ↑ Angelika Wölke: Gabriele Krone-Schmalz - a happy melancholic . In: WAZ, September 9, 2009.
  5. ↑ Bayerischer Rundfunk: Former Russia correspondent and author: Krone-Schmalz, Gabriele . June 8, 2015 ( br.de [accessed on March 16, 2019]).
  6. ^ Ernst Probst: Gabriele Krone-Schmalz: The Most Successful German Foreign Correspondent ( Memento of February 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (2006)
  7. ^ Journalist Gabriele Krone-Schmalz - "The Cold War is still in people's heads". Retrieved on March 16, 2019 (German).
  8. ^ Elisabeth Klaus: Gender research in communication studies: on the importance of women in the mass media and in journalism . LIT, Münster 2005, p. 169 .
  9. ↑ https://m.pressebox.de/boxid/518665
  10. ↑ http://www.btk-fh.de/de/news/krone-schmalz-eroeffnet-tv-studio/
  11. ^ Homepage of the Petersburg Dialogue
  12. ↑ Help for HIV orphans e. V .: Initiators ( Memento from February 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  13. ^ Prize winner 1997: Gabriele Krone-Schmalz. hvb-preis.de, accessed on July 10, 2015 (excerpt from the eulogy of Helmut Ahrens ): "education and information, the displaying contexts, this sounds modest and yet a high standard. Gabriele Krone-Schmalz easily met these high standards. "
  14. ↑ Petersburg Dialog: Pushkin Medal to Gabriele Krone-Schmalz ( Memento of the original from February 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.petersburger-dialog.de archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . June 11, 2008
  15. ↑ Markus Mirschel: The struggle for party political power in the Russian Federation: The KPRF 1991-1996 . Diplomica Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-8366-6974-0 ( com.ph [accessed on March 16, 2019]).
  16. ↑ EDWARD LUCAS: The Cold War of the Kremlin. How the Putin system threatens Russia and the West. Riemann, Munich 2008.
  17. ↑ Ingo Petz: The new East-West tussle. A relentless image of Russia that avoids clichés. Süddeutsche Zeitung, discussed on March 4, 2008
  18. ↑ Review note on Süddeutsche Zeitung, March 4, 2008 on perlentaucher.de
  19. ↑ Alexander Schrepfer-Proskurjakov: Russia - threatening or misunderstood? | NZZ . June 19, 2008, ISSN  0376-6829 ( nzz.ch [accessed on March 16, 2019]).
  20. ↑ Gabriele Krone-Schmalz: Understanding Russia. The struggle for Ukraine and the arrogance of the West. Retrieved March 23, 2019 .
  21. ↑ Gabriele Krone-Schmalz: Historically nonsense. Retrieved December 19, 2018 .
  22. ^ Franziska Augstein: Russia under Putin, Bär and Bärenführer Süddeutsche Zeitung from February 20, 2015, accessed on February 20, 2015
  23. ↑ Sonja Margolina : A little peace . Apodictic in its style, selective in its argumentation: Gabriele Krone-Schmalz wants to "understand Russia" . In: THE WORLD . February 14, 2015.
  24. ↑ Understanding Russia as stigmatization? Deutschlandfunk, February 23, 2015
  25. ↑ Open letter to Krone-Schmalz - "What is there to understand?" , March 4, 2015.
  26. ^ Jochen Bittner: Ukraine crisis: Naive, but morally correct . In: Die Zeit from March 26, 2015
  27. ↑ Reinhard Veser: Gabriele Krone-Schmalz: Wladimir im Glück? ISSN  0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed March 23, 2019]).
  28. ↑ Katharina Granzin: Book on Eastern European Politics and Russia: The political memory is short . In: The daily newspaper: taz . March 12, 2015, ISSN  0931-9085 ( taz.de [accessed March 23, 2019]).
  29. ↑ How ex-ARD journalist Krone-Schmalz glossed over Russia's politics . In: HuffPost Germany . January 28, 2018 ( huffingtonpost.de [accessed April 27, 2018]).
  30. ↑ How the well-known Russia expert Krone-Schmalz shamelessly advertises the Kremlin. June 3, 2017, accessed December 19, 2018 .
  31. ↑ Gabriele Krone-Schmalz: "Ice Age" RBB kulturradio from December 21, 2017
  32. ↑ Arno Renggli, Arno Renggli: RUSSIA: Nothing is more dangerous than the enemy image. Retrieved December 19, 2018 .
  33. ↑ Krone-Schmalz in an interview “Russia's fears must be recognized” on n-tv.de.
  34. ↑ a b c d Bastian Berbner: "Indeed, mistakes have been made" ( Memento from August 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) - excerpts from the interview with Gabriele Krone-Schmalz in the ZAPP broadcast of April 16, 2014; Video "That shouldn't be" on youtube
  35. ^ A b Sebastian Christ: Gabriele Krone-Schmalz: Who is the German journalist who considers Putin's madness to be legal? In: Huffington Post , Nov. 24, 2014.
  36. ↑ "People at Maischberger": Moderator in the talk tsunami: This is how the Maischberger show went . In: Focus , February 25, 2015.
  37. ↑ Mathias Zschaler: People at Maischberger: "You have a way that gets on my nerves" . In: Spiegel Online , February 25, 2015.
  38. ↑ http://www.ialana.de/images/pdf/arbeitsfelder/frieden/ialana%20kongresse/Programm_Konferenz_Krieg_und_Frieden_in_den_Medien_Stand-25_1_2018.pdf
  39. ↑ Daria Boll-Palievskaya: No alibi aunt for Russia In: Russia today , December 22, 2013.
  40. ↑ Gabriele Krone-Schmalz: Russia and the Ukraine: You cannot rely on the West . In: Cicero . 5th March 2014
  41. ↑ Gabriele Krone-Schmalz: "That shouldn't be" . In: Zapp . April 16, 2014 (video; 24:12 min)
  42. ↑ Another war in Europe? Not in our name! Roman Herzog, Antje Vollmer, Wim Wenders, Gerhard Schröder and many others call for dialogue with Russia. ZEIT ONLINE documents the call. zeit.de, December 5, 2014, accessed on July 11, 2015 .
  43. ↑ "Christiansen" -Streit "scandal" or "reputation"? . In: Focus No. 52, December 22, 2006.
    See also Gemma Pörzgen: “Soft Power” and image maintenance from Moscow. Easy game for PR offensive . In: Eastern Europe . No. 1 , 2014, p. 63 ff .
  44. ↑ Gemma Pörzgen: Russia image in the German media | Russia dossier. by-nc-nd / 3.0 / Author: Gemma Pörzgen for bpb.de. Retrieved March 16, 2019 .
  45. ↑ Crimea and international law The cool irony of history on faz.net from April 7, 2014
  46. ^ Eva Fischl: private matter . Passauer Neue Presse September 2, 2009
  47. ↑ Stefan Corssen: “You mustn't let yourself be bent”, Kölnische Rundschau, September 2, 2009.
  48. ↑ Daniel Sander: What actually does ...: Gabriele Krone-Schmalz . In: stern.de . April 12, 2004
  49. ↑ Villas Fortuna & Casa Lothar - Gabriele Krone-Schmalz, Moraira. Retrieved March 16, 2019 .
  50. ↑ Review by Reitschuster
personal data
SURNAME Krone-Schmalz, Gabriele
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German television journalist and author
DATE OF BIRTH November 8, 1949
PLACE OF BIRTH Lam