Gottfried Heinrich Krohne

Memorial plaque on the house at Jakobstrasse 15 in Weimar

Gottfried Heinrich Krohne (born March 26, 1703 in Dresden ; † May 30, 1756 in Weimar ) was a German architect in the Baroque period .

Life

Krohne was born as the son of the groom Johann Christoph Crune ^{[ sic ]} . He was the court architect of the dukes of Saxe-Weimar (from 1726), Saxe-Gotha and the princes of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (from 1743), but also worked for other princes such as the archbishops from Mainz and Bamberg . Krohne was also the architect of several buildings in northern Franconia. His main work includes the plans to completely rebuild the city of Ilmenau after it was destroyed by a city fire in 1752. Krohne is considered by many to be the most important master builder in Thuringian history.
One of his most important employees and students was Johann David Weidner , who initially accompanied Krohne's construction as a site manager and continued his work after his death. As Oberlandbaumeister he succeeded Johann Adolph Richter .

Works

Eisenach City Palace

Office building in Ilmenau

City church Ilmenau

Molsdorf Castle near Erfurt

Belvedere Palace near Weimar

Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

• Marstall and stucco ceiling in the ducal house of Creuzburg Castle in Creuzburg (1744/45)
• Rehabilitation of the Werra Bridge in Creuzburg (1747)
• Rococo Castle or New Castle of the Dornburg Palaces in Dornburg (1736–1741)
• Plans to redesign the Eisenach market square to become a representation center (demolition of the Georgenkirche with subsequent new building was planned); However, the plans were due to the death of the Duke Ernst August I not be executed
• City Palace Eisenach (1741–1751)
• Ettersburg Castle in Ettersburg near Weimar (1730–1740)
• Expansion of Kochberg Castle in Großkochberg (1732/33)
• Hardisleben Castle in Hardisleben near Sömmerda (1739/40)
• Hunting lodge Hohe Sonne near Eisenach (1741–1746)
• City church St. Jakobus in Ilmenau (planned 1752; implemented 1760–1770)
• Office building in Ilmenau (1756)
• Ilmenau Castle (1740), destroyed in the town fire in 1752
• City complex of Ilmenau, 1752 after a city fire (streets and buildings)
• Expansion of the Marksuhl Castle in Marksuhl near Eisenach (1741–1743)
• Hausmannsturm (castle tower) in Weimar (1729–1732)
• Belvedere Palace near Weimar (1728–1740)
• Reconstruction of the Wilhelmsthal hunting lodge near Eisenach (1741)

Other Thuringian states

• Orangery in Gera (for the Principality of Reuss-Gera ) (1729–1732)
• Apartments of Friedenstein Castle in Gotha (for the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha ), (1747–1751)
• Orangery in Gotha (for Saxe-Gotha) (1747–1774)
• Großvargula Castle in Großvargula near Bad Langensalza (for Kurmainz ) (1727)
• Marienthal Bridge over the Apfelstädt near Molsdorf (in Saxe-Gotha, for Imperial Count Gustav Adolf von Gotter ) (1751/1752)
• Conversion of Molsdorf Castle in Molsdorf near Erfurt from a moated castle (in Saxony-Gotha, for Imperial Count Gustav Adolf von Gotter ) (1734–1751)
• Interior construction, renovation and construction of the tower at Heidecksburg Castle in Rudolstadt (for Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt ) (1743–1756)
• Wash house at Heidecksburg Castle in Rudolstadt (1754)
• Baroque house on Markt 2 in Rudolstadt (1745)
• Baroque corner house on the market in Suhl (1754)
• City church St. Nikolai in Geschwenda (1741–1742)

Francs

• Basilica Vierzehnheiligen near Bad Staffelstein (for Abbot Stephan Mösinger of Langheim Monastery , preliminary work in competition with the Diocese of Bamberg and Balthasar Neumann ; 1743–1772)
• Langheim Abbey in Klosterlangheim near Lichtenfels (Diocese of Bamberg), participation in the construction work that lasted from 1680 to 1792
• Langheimer Hof in Bamberg (Diocese of Bamberg)

Honors

In Ilmenau and Klosterlangheim (near Lichtenfels ) streets are named after Krohne. His former home at Jakobsstrasse 15 / corner of Vorwerkgasse in Weimar is marked with a board (see photo).

Others

So far, only one portrait is known of Krohne. This can be seen as a painting on the Rudolstadt Heidecksburg .

The master builder found his final resting place in the Jakobsfriedhof in Weimar. His memorial plaque can be found near the sacristy in the northern burial ground.

literature

• Hermann Heckmann : Builder of the Baroque and Rococo in Thuringia . Verlag Bauwesen, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-345-00658-8 .
• Joachim Hotz:  Krohne, Gottfried Heinrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , pp. 69-71 ( digitized version ).
• Hans-Herbert Möller: Gottfried Heinrich Krohne and the architecture of the 18th century in Thuringia . Hessling, Berlin 1956.
• Hans Müller: Thuringia. Landscape, culture and history in the green heart of Germany , DuMont Reiseverlag, 6th edition. Ostfldern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7701-3848-7 .

Web links

Commons : Gottfried Heinrich Krohne  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Information from the Thuringian Palaces and Gardens Foundation about Krohne's buildings in Weimar
• Information from the Thuringian Palaces and Gardens Foundation about Krohne's buildings in the Thuringian region