Hotel Lambert
The Hôtel Lambert on the Île Saint-Louis , a river island of the Seine in the center of Paris between the districts of Marais , Quartier Latin and Île de la Cité , is one of the most beautiful of the numerous city palaces in downtown Paris (the so-called hôtels particuliers ) and is at the same time namesake of a political faction within the Polish emigration of the 19th century .
Since 1991, the Hôtel Lambert is part of the UNESCO - World Heritage Seine River in Paris . The Hôtel de Lauzun , which has been owned by the City of Paris since 1928 and with which the Hôtel Lambert forms a coherent architectural ensemble, also belongs to the World Heritage Site on the Île Saint-Louis . As Hôtels particulier, they represent exemplary Parisian architecture and cultural heritage of the 17th and 18th centuries. The Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral and the Sainte-Chapelle , both masterpieces of Gothic architecture, are among the outstanding structures on the Seine Islands .
location
The Hôtel Lambert is located in the 4th arrondissement near the eastern tip of the Île Saint-Louis , with the front against the interior of the island and the rear and the side wing against the northern arm of the Seine. The Quai d'Anjou and Rue Saint-Louis en l'Île meet at the Palais . The address is: 2, Rue Saint-Louis en l'Île .
history
The city palace was built from 1640 to 1644 by Louis Le Vau , one of the most famous French architects of his time, the later creator of the Vaux-le-Vicomte palace southeast of Paris, who also played a key role in the construction of Versailles Palace . The builder was initially Jean-Baptiste Lambert and, after his death, his brother Nicolas Lambert de Thorigny , president of the Chambre des comptes ("Royal Chamber of Accounts") - one of the richest men in France. Lambert de Thorigny was fined one million livres in the wake of the 1661 trial of King Louis XIV's finance minister and owner of Vaux-le-Vicomte, Nicolas Fouquet .
The artists Charles Le Brun and Eustache Le Sueur were involved in the expansion of the Hôtel Lambert . The façade, rotunda and garden of Le Vau, together with the Hercules Gallery, a work by Le Bruns pointing out onto the Hall of Mirrors in Versailles , form an ensemble that is one of the most splendid urban representative buildings of the 17th century.
In 1732 the descendants of Lambert de Thorigny sold the palace to the financier Claude Dupin (1686–1769), whose second wife, née Madeleine Fontaine , ran a salon there. Thereafter, the Hôtel Lambert changed hands several times, for a time belonged to Jean-Pierre Bachasson de Montalivet , Napoleon's Minister of the Interior , and was finally acquired in May 1842 by the Polish magnate family of the Czartoryski , who bought the city of Paris at an auction The purchase of the property also showed interest and was willing to pay 175,000 francs , overbid by 5,000 francs. The new owners immediately began renovating the Hôtel Lambert, which in the decades that followed became the center of political life for Polish emigrants.
After the Second World War, actress Michèle Morgan, among others, lived in the palace. In 1975 the Czartoryski sold the property to the banker Guy de Rothschild , who in 2007 sold it to Hamad bin Chalifa Al Thani , the Emir of Qatar, for around 60 million euros . The sale sparked a violent legal dispute, which could only be settled through the intervention of the Ministry of Culture and the Paris city administration. The conversion to a luxury residence included plans for an underground parking garage, which was eventually dropped.
- fire
The building was to be renovated in 2013 for 50 million euros. During the renovation work, a fire broke out in the roof truss on the night of July 9-10, 2013, which quickly spread to the entire building. The roof structure burned out completely, culture minister Aurélie Filippetti announced that part of the damage was irreversible, such as the destruction of a bathroom artistically decorated by the painter Eustache Le Sueur. The entire ceiling collapsed in him. Damage also occurred to the particularly valuable frescoes by the painter Charles Le Brun, the so-called Hercules Gallery.
Polish emigration
After the unsuccessful November uprising of 1830/1831 against the dividing powers of their fatherland, a large part of the civil and military leadership of the rebels emigrated from Poland to Western Europe, where Paris formed a natural reservoir. The head of the emigration was Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski , supported by his younger brother, Prince Konstanty Adam Czartoryski , the military leader of the November uprising. Their headquarters were the Hôtel Lambert , the Parisian ancestral home of the Czartoryski family , which also gave its name to the political option dominated by the Czartoryski, the liberal - aristocratic camp within emigration.
The policy of the “ Hôtel Lambert ” was aimed at restoring Poland as a constitutional monarchy in accordance with the provisions of the Polish constitution of May 3, 1791. Prince Adam Jerzy himself was scheduled to succeed the last king of Poland, Stanislaus II August Poniatowski , who abdicated in 1795 . In addition, the “ Hôtel Lambert ” spoke out in favor of land reform based on the Prussian model, which would have meant the complete abolition of serfdom for Polish peasants. Intensive diplomatic efforts were undertaken in France and Great Britain , the striving for independence of the peoples in the Balkans was supported and the doctrine followed that only a pan-European war could restore the independence of Poland. This doctrine proved to be correct, but it only became apparent in 1918, after the First World War .
The cultural leadership role and lighthouse function of the “ Hôtel Lambert ” during the 19th century is undisputed . Among other things, a whole series of political and historical emigration magazines was published, two schools for Polish boys and for Polish girls were set up in Paris to prepare for university studies in France, and it is still today on the Quai d'Orléans on the Île Saint-Louis founded the existing Bibliothèque polonaise de Paris (German Polish Library of Paris). The Hôtel Lambert became a center of social life in the French capital, and the costume balls, which were held regularly, were very popular. In addition to the greats of Polish emigration such as Frédéric Chopin , Zygmunt Krasiński , Michał Czajkowski and Adam Mickiewicz , artists and writers such as Alphonse de Lamartine , George Sand , Honoré de Balzac , Hector Berlioz , Franz Liszt and Eugène Delacroix were among the regular guests of the royal family. The novel Paula Monti ou L'Hôtel Lambert (1842) by Eugène Sue gives an insight into that time. The Princely House's famous art collection was also located here until 1876, after which it returned to Poland, where it can still be seen in the Kraków Czartoryski Museum to this day. After Prince Jerzy Adam's death in 1861, his son Władysław Czartoryski continued his father's work.
literature
- Essays
- Hans Henning Hahn : The diplomacy of the Hotel Lambert 1831–1847 . In: Yearbooks for the History of Eastern Europe . tape 21 , 1973, ISSN 0021-4019 , pp. 345-374 .
- Hans Henning Hahn: Possibilities and limitations of foreign policy in exile: Adam Jerzy Czartoryski's Hotel Lambert in Western Europe , 1831–40 . In: John Morison (Ed.): Eastern Europe and the West. Selected Papers from the 4th World Congress for Soviet and East European Studies, Harrogate, 1990 . St. Martin's Press, New York NY 1992, ISBN 0-312-08040-9 , pp. 3-25 .
- Hans Henning Hahn: Les débuts politiques du Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski dans l'émigration (1831) . In: Daniel Beauvois (ed.): Pologne. L'insurrection de 1830-1831. Sa réception en Europe. Actes du colloque organisé les 14 et 15 may 1981 par le Center d'Etude de la Culture Polonaise de l'Université de Lille III (= Publications communes Lille-Wroclaw ). Vol. 3. Lille University, Lille 1982, ISBN 2-86531-012-4 , pp. 159-178 .
- Monographs
- Hans Henning Hahn: Foreign Policy in Emigration. Adam Jerzy Czartoryski's exile diplomacy 1830–1840 (= Studies on the History of the Nineteenth Century . Volume 10 ). Oldenbourg, Munich et al. 1978, ISBN 3-486-48451-6 (also: Cologne, Univ., Diss., 1976).
- Piotr Żurek: Hotel Lambert i Chorwaci 1843–1850 . Dom Wydawniczy Bellona, Warsaw 2005, ISBN 83-11-10228-7 .
- Fiction
- Eugène Sue : Paula Monti, ou l'Hôtel Lambert, histoire contemporaine . In: Œuvres complètes . tape 43/45 . Slatkine Reproductions, Geneva 1992, ISBN 2-05-101215-6 (Réimpression de édition de C. Gosselin, Paris 1842).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Emir of Qatar's renovation plans for important historic mansion blocked. (No longer available online.) In: Property Wire. December 29, 2008, archived from the original on October 21, 2009 ; Retrieved August 2, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Hôtel Lambert: Paris city palace is on fire . SPIEGEL ONLINE, July 10, 2013
- ↑ Didier Rykner: Nombreuses questions near l'incendie de l'hôtel Lambert, June 25, 2013. In: La tribune de l'art. July 25, 2013, accessed May 18, 2019 .
- ↑ https://www.hna.de/welt/brand-verwuestet-pariser-stadtpalast-zr-2999228.html
Coordinates: 48 ° 51 ′ 3 " N , 2 ° 21 ′ 34" E